RespiratorySystemNotes

•  Whilewatchingthefollowingvideo,takesnotesonthedifferentstructuresoftherespiratorysystemonyourdiagramworksheet.

VideoClip

Coverings:ParietalPleura:innerliningVisceralPleura:outerliningPleuralCavity:Spacebetweenthetwo-purpose?

TheDiaphragm-•  FuncFon:muscleofrespiraFon•  LocaFon:separatesabdominalcavityandthoraciccavity.

•  Triggeredby:PhrenicNerve•  InspiraFon:Pressureinlungsisdecreasedandaircomesin.

•  ExpiraFon:Pressureinlungsisincreasedandairpushesout.Diaphragmappearsdomeshaped.

Pathology-Upperrespiratorydisorders

Ø *Croup-AcuteviralinfecFonofinfantswithobstrucFonofthelarynx,accompaniedbybarkingcoughandstridor.CausedbyfluorrespiratorysyncyFalvirus.

Ø Diphtheria-InflammaFon,opaquemembraneformsinlarynxandtrachea.CausedbybacterialinfecFon.DPTvaccineavailable.

Ø *Epistaxis-nosebleed,usuallyassociatedwithirritaFonofnasalmucousmembranes,trauma,vitKdeficiency,cloRngabnormaliFes,hypertensionorbloodthinningmeds.

Ø *Pertussis-Whoopingcough,highlycontagiousbacterialinfecFonofpharynx,larynx,andtrachea.Violent,suddenspasmsofcoughingthatendsinaloud“whooping”sound.

BronchialtubedisordersØ *Asthma-Chronicbronchialinflammatorydisorderwith

airwayobstrucFonduetobrachialedemaandconstrucFonandincreasedmucusproducFon.

Ø *Bronchiectasis-chronicdilaFonofbronchus,secondaryinfecFon.CausedwhenbronchiloseelasFcity&secreFonspuddleanddon’tdrainnormally.

Ø ChronicbronchiAs-InflammaFonofbronchipersisFngoveralongFme;typeofCOPD.InfecFonandsmokingarefactors.

Ø *CysAcfibrosis-inheriteddisorderofexocrineglandswherethickmucoussecreFonsforminresp.systemanddon’tdrainproperly.CausedbyageneFcmutaFonofagene.Symptomsare;airwayobstrucFon,bronchiectasis,resp.failure,insufficientsecreFonsofdigesFveenzymeswhichleadstopoorgrowth.

PathologyLungDisorders

*Atelectasis•  Twoforms•  ProximalobstrucFonofdistalairways•  AccumulaFonsoffluid,blood,orairinthepleuralcavity

PathologyPleuralDisorders

*Pneumothorax:Airgathersinthepleuralcavity

ClinicalProcedures*Bronchoscopy:fiberopFcorrigidendoscope

insertedintothebronchialtubesfordiagnosis,biopsy,orcollecFonofsecreFons

ClinicalProcedures

*EndotrachealintubaAon:placementoftubefrommouthtotracheatoestablishairway

ClinicalProcedures

*Thoracentesis:surgicalpuncturetoremovefluidfrompleuralspace

ClinicalProcedures

*Tracheostomy:surgicalcreaFonofanopeningintothetracheathroughtheneck