Changing World, Fifth Edition
Explain the key role of a systems analyst in business
Describe the various types of systems an analyst might work
on
Explain the importance of technical, people, and business skills
for an analyst
Explain why ethical behavior is crucial for a systems analysts
career
Learning Objectives 'continued(
Describe various job titles in the field and places of employment
where analysis and design work is done
Discuss the analysts role in strategic planning for an
organi)ation
#onstantly being developed to make business more competitive
+mpact productivity and profits
.nderstanding what business re/uires
Overview 'continued(
!ystems analysis process of understanding in detail what a system
should accomplish
!ystems design process of specifying in detail how components of an
information system should be physically implemented
!ystems analyst uses analysis and design techni/ues to solve
business problems using information technology
!olver 4as computer technology knowledge and
programming expertise
4as fundamental curiosity
$ants to make things better
1 "nalysts "pproach to 3roblem !olving
!ystems "nalysis and Design in a #hanging $orld, %th Edition
6
7erify benefits of solving problem outweigh the costs
8esearch and understand the problem
Define the re/uirements for solving the problem
Develop a set of possible solutions 'alternatives(
Define the details of the chosen solution
9onitor to ensure desired results
Decide which solution is best and recommend
+mplement the solution
3roblems !ystem a collection of interrelated components
functioning together to achieve an outcome
+nformation systems collection of interrelated components that
collect, process, store, and provide as output the information
needed to complete business tasks
!ubsystem part of a larger system
:unctional decomposition dividing a system into smaller subsystems
and components
3arts
Figure 1-3
2oundary
Figure 1-4
Figure 1-5
"nalyst
Figure 1-6
#omputers ? peripheral devices 'hardware(
:iles and database systems
#omputer networks and protocols
#ommunication and collaboration technology
2usiness functions performed by organi)ation
!trategies, plans, traditions, and values of the organi)ation
Organi)ational structure
!ystems analysts typically study business administration?management
in college with a major in #+! or 9+!
3rimarily a systems analyst must be an effective
communicator
" systems analyst must be able to perform various roles such
as negotiator, teacher, mentor, collaborator, and
manager
+ntegrity and Ethics
"nalyst has access to confidential information, such as
salary, an organi)ations planned projects, security systems, and so
on>
9ust keep information private
"ny impropriety can ruin an analysts career
!ystems "nalyst 8elated #areers Employment picture is complex with
traditional
programming jobs not as prevalent as previously
9any new opportunities exist in areas such as consulting,
compliance, security, $eb development, E83 support
-ypical job titles include@
#onsultant 2usiness, !ystems, -echnical
Developer $eb, systems
"rchitect $eb, !ystem, !oftware
3lanning !pecial projects affecting executives
2usiness process management redesign and improvements to existing
processes
!trategic planning process
!ystems !trategic 3lan
Figure 1-7
3lan 89O sports clothing manufacturer and distributor
about to begin customer support system project
Aeed to understand the nature of the business, approach to
strategic planning, and objectives for customer support
system
89O system development project used to demonstrate analysis and
design concepts
8eliable 3harmaceutical !ervice '83!( is a second case study for
classroom purposes
Outfitters '89O( 2usiness
2egan in 3ark #ity, .tah supplying winter sports clothes to local
ski shops
Expanded into direct mailBorder sales with small catalogCas catalog
interest increased, opened retail store in 3ark #ity
2ecame large, regional sports clothing distributor by early
&===s in 8ocky 9ountain and $estern states
#urrently 1;= million in annual sales and 5== employees and two
retail stores
9ailBorder revenue is <= million phoneBorder revenue is %=
million
Figure 1-8
&==6(
$eb site ahead of competitors
Original $eb site now underperforming
!low, poor coordination with inBhouse, poor supply chain
management, poor technical support
9arket analysis showed alarming trends
!ales growth too slow, age of customers increasing, $eb sales small
percentage of total
"dd specific product information, weekly specials, and all
product offerings
Detailed +! strategic plan
!upply chain management
#ustomer relationship management
9ac 3reston #hief +nformation Officer
information officer '#+O(
#+O is increasingly important to future of 89O
4igh capacity network connects distribution and mailB order
sites
L"As and file servers
#lient?!erver system in #HH and D2&
9ail Order !ystem
3hone order system
8etail store systems
EightByearBold pointBofBsale and batch inventory package, overnight
update with mainframe
4uman resources system
"ccounting?finance system
$eb #atalog and Order !ystem
Outside company until &=11> +rregular performance
1 -he +nformation !ystems !trategic
3lan !upports 89O strategic objectives
2uild more direct customer relationships
Expand marketing beyond $estern states
8eserve data center for $eb server, database, and
telecommunications
!trategic business processes via +nternet
!upply chain management '!#9(
#ustomer relationship management '#89(
$ebBbased intranet for business functions
#ustomer support system '#!!(
!upport customer orders 'mail, phone, $eb(
!trategic information management system
Extract and analy)e !#9 and #!! information for strategic and
operational decision making and control
8eplace existing retail store system with system integrated with
#!!
"ccounting?finance system
3urchase intranet application to maximi)e employee access to
financial data for planning and control
4uman resources '48( system
Figure 1-13
-he #ustomer !upport !ystem '#!!(
89O core competency is their ability to develop and maintain
customer loyalty
#!! is a core system supporting complete customer relationship
management
+n/uiries, order entry, order tracking, shipping, back ordering,
returns, sales analysis
!ystems analysis activities will define system re/uirements in
detail
"nalyst as a !ystem Developer
3art 1@ -he systems analyst
#hapter 1@ -he world of the information systems analyst 'this
chapter(
#hapter &@ "pproaches to system development
3redictive and adaptive !DL#s
-raditional approach
ObjectBoriented approach
#hapter *@ -he analyst as a project manager
'continued( 3art &@ !ystems analysis tasks
#hapter 0@ 2eginning the analysis@ +nvestigating system
re/uirements
#hapter %@ 9odeling system re/uirements
#hapter ;@ Evaluating alternatives for re/uirements, environment,
and implementation
'continued( #hapter 10@ Designing the user interface
#hapter 1%@ Designing system interfaces, controls, and
security
3art 0@ +mplementation and support
#hapter 15@ 9aking the system operational
#hapter 16@ #urrent trends in system development
!upplemental Online #hapters
Online #hapter 1@ !oftware packages and E83
'continued( Online "ppendices@
3roject schedules with 3E8-?#39 charts
#alculating net present value, payback period, and return on
investment
3resenting the results to management
" systems analyst solves business problems using information
systems technology
3roblem solving means looking into business problem in great
detail, completely understanding problem, and choosing best
solution
+nformation system development is much more than writing
programs
!ystem collection of interrelated components that function together
to achieve some outcome
+nformation systems outcome solution to a business problem
+nformation systems, subsystems, and components interact with and
include hardware, software, inputs, outputs, data, people, and
procedures
!ummary 'continued(
!ystems analyst has broad knowledge and variety of skills,
including technical, business, and people
+ntegrity and ethical behavior are crucial to success for the
analyst
!ystems analyst encounters a variety of rapidly changing
technologies
