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SAPOTACEAE
Current Angiosperm Phylogeny Group Tree
for Flowering Plants
Sapotaceae,ERICALES
ERICALES
SAPOTACEAE•white latex•close-set secondaries•malpighian hairs•little white flowers•connate corollas with appendages•stamens adnate•stamens = and opposite OR•several times corolla lobes•potato-skin fruits
SAPOTACEAE (EBENALES, ASTERIDS)
NUMBERS: 70 Genera, 800 species
GEOGRAPHY: tropical
HABITAT: understory and canopy trees in wetter forests
ASTERID characters:
ERICALES CHARACTERS: leaves alternate, connate petals, stamens ca twice the
petals, adnate to petals, placentation axile
CHARACTERS DIAGNOSTIC OF FAMILY:
Habit woody
Latex present, always white
Terminal Buds: small, naked
Indument of two-branched (malpighian) hairs, one branch reduced (often rusty to gold)
Leaves simple, alternate, often with close-set, parallel secondary veins
Flowers small, radially symmetrical, white
Corolla connate, sometimes with paired appendages
Androecium: stamens = and opposite (or to 6x) corolla lobes, includes a whorl of petaloid
staminodes
Fruit large, fleshy; seed large, dark, and shiny with a large, excavated hilum; generally
edible
There is in addition a general tendency to increase in the numbers of parts beyond five
and to a duplication of whorls, especially the sepals
Manilkara
Pouteria sapota, Belize
Chrysophyllum, Belize
Chrysophyllum
Dipholis, Florida
Mimusops
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Gutta percha - from Palaquium of SE Asia
Cable insulation, golf-ball cores, etc
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Isoprene structure of the latex
Omphalocarpum The fruit is dispersed
by elephants, which are attracted to the tree by the smell of garlic. They are the only animals capable of crushing the thick shell. But the seeds, which are protected by hard nodules on the inner side of the shell, remain unharmed. In other parts of Africa where poaching has eliminated elephants, the trees cannot reproduce.
Micropholis seeds, passed by monkeys, are buried by dung beetles with the feces. Seed survival is increased.