Slip Model Asperity Data Sets

from Source Inversions

Paul Somerville

URS

• Kinematic slip model data set

• Dynamic slip model data set

• Slip model generators

Kinematic Rupture Models

• Compilation: Martin Mai

http://www.seismo.ethz.ch/static/srcmod/

Events.html

Last modification: July 21, 2007

• Scaling Relations: Somerville et al.,

1999

Mai Source Model Data Base

Earthquake Date Author

Fukuoka (Japan) 20/03/2005 Asano and Iwata (2006)

Giant Sumatra Earthquake (Indonesia) 26/12/2004 Ji et al (2005)

Parkfield (Calif.) 28/09/2004 C. Ji (2004)

Parkfield (Calif.) 28/09/2004 D. Dreger (2004)

Parkfield (Calif.) 28/09/2004 Custodio et al (2005)

Tokachi-oki (Japan) 25/09/2003 Yamanaka and Kikuchi (2003)

Tokachi-oki (Japan) 25/09/2003 Yagi (2004)

Tokachi-oki (Japan) 25/09/2003 Tanioka et al. (2004)

Tokachi-oki (Japan) 25/09/2003 Koketsu et al. (2004)

Miyagi-hokubu (Japan) 25/07/2003 Miura et al. (2004)

Miyagi-hokubu (Japan) 25/07/2003 Hikima and Koketsu (2004)

Mai Source Model Data Base Earthquake Date Author

Fukuoka (Japan) 20/03/2005 1

Parkfield (Calif.) 28/09/2004 3

Miyagi-hokubu (Japan) 25/07/2003 2

Boumerdes (Algeria) 21/05/2003 1

Denali (Alaska) 03/11/2002 2

Tottori (Japan) 06/10/2000 3

Izmit (Turkey) 17/08/1999 6

Hector Mine (Calif.) 16/10/1999 4

Duzce (Turkey) 12/11/1999 2

ChiChi (Taiwan) 20/09/1999 7

Iwate (Japan) 03/09/1998 2

Hida Swarm EV16 (Japan) 18/09/1998 1; 7 events

Antarctica Strike-Slip Segment 25/03/1998 2

Yamaguchi (Japan) 25/06/1997 2

Kagoshima (Japan) 26/03/1997 1

Kagoshimaen-hoku-seibu (Japan) 13/05/1997 2

Colfiorito Sequence # 3 (Italy) 14/10/1997 1; 3 events

Kobe (Japan) 17/01/1995 9

Northridge (Calif.) 17/01/1994 6

Little Skull Mnts (Nevada) 29/06/1992 1

Landers (Calif.) 28/06/1992 5

Joshua Tree (Calif.) 23/04/1992 2

Sierra Madre (Calif.) 28/06/1991 1

Loma Prieta (Calif.) 18/10/1989 5

Whittier Narrows (Calif.) 01/10/1987 1

Superstition Hills (Calif.) 24/11/1987 2

Elmore Ranch (Calif.) 24/11/1987 1

North Palm Springs (Calif.) 08/07/1986 2

Nagano-ken seibu (Japan) 14/09/1984 1

Morgan Hill (Calif.) 24/04/1984 2

Japanea-chubu (Japan) 26/05/1983 1

Borah Peak (Idaho) 28/10/1983 1

Izu-hanto-toho-oki (Japan) 29/06/1980 1

Imperial Valley (Calif.) 15/10/1979 4

Coyote Lake (Calif.) 06/08/1979 1

Tabas (Iran) 16/09/1978 1

Miyagiki (Japan) 12/06/1978 1

Oita-ken-chubu (Japan) 21/04/1975 1

Izu-hanto-oki (Japan) 09/05/1974 1

San Fernando (Calif.) 09/02/1971 1

Gifu-ken-chubu (Japan) 09/09/1969 1

Kitamino (Japan) 19/08/1961 1

Fukui (Japan) 28/06/1948 1

Mikawa (Japan) 12/01/1945 1

San Francisco (Calif.) 18/04/1906 3

Source Parameters of Crustal Earthquakes (Somerville et al., 1999)

Earthquake, Location Date Mech Mo x 10

25

Mw

Landers, Ca. 1992.6.28 SS 75 7.22

Tabas, Iran 1978.9.16 RV 58 7.14

Loma Prieta, Ca. 1989.10.17 OB 30 6.95

Kobe, Japan 1995.1.17 SS 24 6.9

Borah Peak, Idaho 1983.10.28 NM 23 6.87

Nahanni, N.W.T., Canada 1985.12.23 RV 15 6.75

Northridge, Ca. 1994.1.17 RV 11 6.66

Nahanni, N.W.T., Canada 1985.10.05 RV 10 6.63

San Fernando, Ca. (Sierra Madre) 1971.2.9 RV 7 6.53

Imperial Valley, Ca. 1979.10.15 SS 5 6.43

Superstition Hills, Ca. (event #3) 1987.11.24 SS 3.5 6.33

Morgan Hill, Ca. 1984.4.24 SS 2.1 6.18

North Palm Springs, Ca. 1986.8.7 OB 1.8 6.14

Whittier Narrows, Ca. 1987.10.1 RV 1 5.97

Coyote Lake, Ca. 1979.6.8 SS 0.35 5.66

Slip Time Function

Rupture Time

Asperity Characteristics

Slip Contrast Number of Asperities

Scaling Relations of Slip Models Assuming Self-Similarity

Rupture Area vs. Seismic Moment: A = 2.23 x 10-15 x Mo2/3

Average Slip vs. Seismic Moment: D = 1.56 x 10-7 x Mo1/3

Combined Area of Asperities vs. Seismic Moment: Aa = 5.00 x 10-16 x Mo2/3

Area of Largest Asperity vs. Seismic Moment: Al (km2) = 3.64 x 10-16 x Mo2/3

Radius of Largest Asperity vs. Seismic Moment: rl (km) = 1.08 x 10-8 x Mo1/3

Average Number of Asperities 2.6

Area of Fault Covered by Asperities 0.22

Average Asperity Slip Contrast: 2.01

Hypocentral Distance to Center of Closest Asperity vs.

Moment:

RA = 1.35 x 10-8 x Mo1/3

Slip Duration vs. Seismic Moment: TR = 2.03 x 10-9 x Mo1/3

Corner Spatial Wavenumber Along Strike (1/km) log kx = 1.72 - 0.5 M

Dynamic Rupture Models of

Past Earthquakes

• 1987 Whittier Narrows 6.0

• 1989 Loma Prieta 6.9

• 1992 Landers 7.3

• 1994 Northridge 6.7

• 1995 Kobe 6.9

• 1997 Kagoshima 6.3

• 1997 Yamaguchi 6.2

• 1999 Kocaeli 7.2

• 2000 Tottori 7.0

2000 Mw 7.0 Tottori Earthquake

Dynamic Kinematic

Fracture Energy Surface Faulting Buried Faulting

Rupture Model Generators

• Irikura – deteministic model of asperity

and background slip

• Graves & Pitarka – correlation of slip with

rupture velocity at a point on the fault

• Liu et al. - correlation of multiple source

parameters at a point on the fault

• Song & Somerville – correlation between

parameters at spatially separated points

Rupture Model Generators

• On SCEC Broadband Ground Motion

Simulation Platform: • http:/scec.usc.edu/scecpedia/Broadband_Platform

Irikura Ground Motion

Simulation Recipe • Irikura, K. and H. Miyake (2011). Recipe for

Predicting Strong Ground Motion from Crustal

Earthquake Scenarios, Pure Appl. Geophys.

168 (2011), 85–104.

• Based on Somerville et al., 1999, but uses

deterministic description of asperities and

background

• Used to calculate ground motion time histories

for nuclear power plant design and evaluation

in Japan

• Used to generate scenario ground motion

maps for Japan

Simulation of broadband ground motion for

the 1997 Kagoshima-ken Hokuseibu earthquake

using the Irikura Recipe

Prediction of Strong Ground Motion for Itoigawa-

Shizuoka Tectonic-Line Fault Earthquake

↓PGV Attenuation-Distance Relation

Earthquake Research Committee (2002)

↑

Ground Motion Simulation by

the Hybrid Method

Graves & Pitarka

Liu et al.

Song

Cross-coherence in dynamic rupture model

(Dalguer et al., 2008)

hs 8 km

31/21

Ground Motion Focus

Group

Dynamic & Pseudoynamic Models On the left a full dynamic

model;

On the right a

pseudodynamic model

The models can be used

to generate a suite of

ground motions from

statistically similar events.