PHYSICS 2 4531/2 100MARKS

SECTION TYPE OFQUESTION

NUMBER OFQUESTIONS

TOANSWER

A

(60

MARKS)

STRUCTURE 8

(4 T0 12 MARKSEACH)

ALL

B

(20

ESSAY 2 (20 MARKS 3 -4 PARTS

1

(20MARKS)

4 PARTS

1-10 MARKS

C (20MARKS)

ESSAY 2(20 MARKS) 1

Quality• Fair to all

• Read carefully and repeatedly to find marks

• No sympathize for careless mistake( long• No sympathize for careless mistake( longanswer)

• Mark all the answer, no part is left out

• Sum out all the marks without mistake

• State with number to denote mark number

• Example √ meant 3 rd mark• Example √3 meant 3 rd mark

• Add the marks based on each sub part andquestion not based on each page

Misleading physics term

• Using the concepts of momentum andinertia, explain why the speed limit and theinertia, explain why the speed limit and theload limit must be imposed on heavyvehicles (4 marks)

i) Momentum depends on mass and velocity

ii) High momentum causes a high impulsive

Your answer should has

ii) High momentum causes a high impulsiveforce to act on the lorry when an accident occurs

iii) Inertia depends on mass

iv) Difficult to stop when the mass is big

Note :Not accept heavy load as mass and

speed as velocity

• Sample 1(10)

• The suitable tanker is the tanker that usingAntilock Brake system.This type of brake is verygood and very safety.It will stop the tanker inintervalsintervals

• The tanker must have a lot number of tyres.Thisis because it must stand heavy loads that carryby the tanker.

• The tanker must lot of tanker with small size in• The tanker must lot of tanker with small size inthe trailer.This is because to reduce the impactof inertia exert on the tanker

• Cont. Sample 1

• There must be a distance between the trailer and thetractor. Because if the tanker brake in sudden,it willincrease the impact of time.The impulsive force willdecreasedecrease

• The most suitable tanker is tanker R.This is becauseit have ABS as the brake.Its also using a lot of tyresto withstands the heavy load.Its have five small tanksin the trailer,so that the impact of inertia willdecrease.These also a distance between the tractordecrease.These also a distance between the tractorand the trailer.So,the impulsive force will decrease.

• By using tanker R,oil will deliver safely.

• Sample 2(10)

• The type of brakes that is most suitable is the ABS brake

• Abs brake is more effective than iar brake as it ensure thetanker from slipping off the road while braking.

• The number of tyres that should be used must be 2 or more

• More tyres will increase the surface area of the tanker and the• More tyres will increase the surface area of the tanker and thesurface of road thus reducing the pressure and provide morestability to the tanker

• The number of tanks should be 5 or more and the size of tanksshould be small

• This will help to reduce inertia of tanker when it comes to asudden stop or when going left or right

• It avoid the tanker from overturn and accidents to occur, also• It avoid the tanker from overturn and accidents to occur, alsoavoid the oil from sorks out the tanks

• Cont. sample 2

• The distance between the trailer and the tractorshould be further apart

• This will avoid the oil from spitting and ensure• This will avoid the oil from spitting and ensurethat the oil tankers will not affected when headon collision occurred which can lead to moreserious accidents

• The most suitable tanker is tanker R

• This is because it used ABS brake, it has 2 tyres• This is because it used ABS brake, it has 2 tyresand 5 small tanks and the distance between thetrailer and the tanker is further

• Sample 3(6)• Tyres of brake- Tanker P and tanker Q use the same type of brakewhich is air brake

- Tanker R and S used the same type of brake which isABSABS

The number of tyres- Tanker P and S use one tyre while tanker Q and Ruse two tyres

-Tanker R and tanker Q is more safety than tanker R,Pand S

The number and size of tanksThe number and size of tanks-Tanker Q and R have 5 small tanks while tanker P and

Q have one big tank

Cont. Sample 3The distance between the trailer and the tractorTanker R and S is far the distance between the trailer and the tractor while thedistance between the trailer and the tractor is very closeI will choose tanker R because it use ABS which is good when need emergencybrakebrakeSecondly it use two tyres and it will make the trailer stableThirdly although the size of the tanks are small but it has 5 tanks. When one ofthe tanks break, it will never affect the other tanks.If it is one big tanks, it willeffect the trailer because all the oil are put into one big tankLastly,the distance between the trailer and the tractor is far .It is good for thedriver to drive the vehicle.It is good and safe for the driver during if there will bean accident

(SECTION B)2008/2/9

Diagram 9.1 shows two identical steel balls placed ontospring M and spring N. Both springs are elastic and fixedspring M and spring N. Both springs are elastic and fixedto horizontal surface. The springs are pushed down untilthe lengths of spring M and N are the same.

Diagram 9.2 shows the maximum heights reached by theballs when the hands are released.

(Assume spring M and spring N are the same material,same coil diameter and same original length)

LAW & PRINCIPLE

• Correct spelling

• Archimedes// Bernoulli// Lenz//Hooke• Archimedes// Bernoulli// Lenz//Hooke

HOW 5

i)What is the meaning of elasticity? (1)

ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare theii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare thethickness of the spring wire and the maximum heightreached by the balls.

Relate the thickness of the spring wire with the maximumheight of the ball to make a deduction regarding therelationship between the thickness of the spring wire andthe elastic potential energy of the spring. (HOW 5)

• The ability of a substance to return to it original• The ability of a substance to return to it originallength

• Elasticity is the ability of an object or material toreturn to its original state

i)after being stretched or compressed

ii)when stressed

iii)When the force acts on it

iv)when the force acts on it is removed

• Sample 1• The thickness of the spring wire of spring N is

thicker than the thickness of the spring wire ofspring M from diagram 9.1 and diagram9.2.Bothspring are pushed with steel ball with sameheights.In diagram 9.2,the maximum heightreached by the ball pushed by spring N is higherreached by the ball pushed by spring N is higherthan the maximum height reached by the ballpushed by spring M.

• Therefore ,the thickner the spring wire,theheigher the maximum height of the ball becausea thicker spring wire has a higher elasticpotential energy in the spring.The thicker thepotential energy in the spring.The thicker thespring wire,the greater its elastic potentialenergy and the higher the maximum heightreached by the ball.

• Sample 2

• Spring N is thicker than spring M

• Maximum height reached by ballsreleased by spring N is higher thanmaximum height reached by ballsmaximum height reached by ballsreleased by spring M

• The thicker the spring wire the higher themaximum height reached by the ball

• The thicker the spring wire,the higher theelastic potential energy of the springelastic potential energy of the spring

• A spring which has a thicker wire is a moreelastic spring

How to get 5 marks

• 1st compare thickness of wire in Diagram 9.1 andDiagram 9.2Diagram 9.2

• 2nd Compare maximum height reached by the balls inDiagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2

• 3rd Relate thickness of wire with maximum heightreached by the ball

• 4th Relationship between the thickness of the spring wireand the elastic potential energy

• 5th ???????• 5th ???????

UNLIMITED RESPONSEExplain as many as possible

BUT no contrdiction• C) Diagram 9.3 shows a pole vaulter performing a

jump.Using appropriate physics concepts, explain the use of suitableequipment and techniques to improve his performance.

Your answer should include the following aspects:i) Vaulter’s attireii) Vaulter’s movementiii) Pole usesiv) Safety (10 marks)iv) Safety (10 marks)

• Case 1• The vaulter should wear appropriate shoe with a lot of

tracts beneath it to increase the frictional force andprevent the vaulter from skidding

• The vaulter also wear shoes with spike to reduce thesurface area and increase pressure.His feet will befirmly on ground and he will not skidfirmly on ground and he will not skid

• The vaulter clothes must be made of material which isof low density.So that the vaulter is lighter so he canjump higher

• The vaulter clothes must be tight and comfortable tomake a smooth jump and his clothes will not get stuckon the poleon the pole

• The material which made the clothes must be able toabsorp sweat.The vaulter will feel comfortable

Cont.The vaulter should run before jumpingto increase the velocity thus increasingto increase the velocity thus increasingthe impulsive forceThe pole should be long enoughaccording to the height needed to beovercomeovercomeThe pole should be able to bend.Toprevent the pole from breaking when itis bent during jumping

• Cont.

• Pole used must be of material of low density.Sothat it is lighter and can easily be carried byvaulter

• A thick mattress is put as landing pad to• A thick mattress is put as landing pad toincrease the reaction time and reduce impulsiveforce

• The runway must be clean and free fromgrease to prevent vaulter from skiddinggrease to prevent vaulter from skidding

t

Vaulter’sattire

should be tight andgrip the body ofvaulter

-light material

-To grip the body of vaulterand reduce air resistance

-to prevent injury whenwearing not too baggyclothesclothes

Valuter’smove

ment

-He should runvery fast with headand torso inforward state

-Running with high speed togain enough momentumand kinetic energy for event

ment

Poleused

Elastic pole withhigh springconstant

Elastic pole to allow it tobend without breaking to liftthe vaulter

Safety Use thick mattress Use thick mattress to lengthtime of impact and reduce

INFORMATION FORCANDIDATES

• CONSIST SECTION A ,B AND C

• ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN SECTION A, IN• ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN SECTION A, INTHE SPACES PROVIDED

• ANSWER 1 QUESTION FROM SECTION BAND

• 1 QUESTION FROM SECTION C IN DETAIL.YOU MAY USE EQUATIONS , DIAGRAMS ,YOU MAY USE EQUATIONS , DIAGRAMS ,TABLES , GRAPHS AND OTHER SUITABLEMETHODS TO EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER

• SHOW YOUR WORKING ,IT MAY HELP YOUTO GET MARKS

Information For Candidate

• Have you

Photostat and provide to your studentPhotostat and provide to your student

All information and list of formula printedin the passed year question

INFORMATION FORCANDIDATES

• A LIST OF FORMULAE IS PROVIDED

• THE MARKS ALLOCATED FOR EACH• THE MARKS ALLOCATED FOR EACHQUESTION OR SUB QUESTION ARE SHOWNIN BRACKETS

• YOU MAY USE A NON-PROGRAMMABLESCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR

INFORMATION FORCANDIDATES

• IF YOU WISH TO CHANGE YOURANSWER, NEATLY CROSS OUT THEANSWER, NEATLY CROSS OUT THEANSWER THAT YOU HAVE DONE.THEN WRITE THE ANSWER

??? TO FOLLOW ???

DIAGRAMS IN THE QUESTIONSDIAGRAMS IN THE QUESTIONSPROVIDED ARE NOT DRAWN TOSCALE UNLESS STATED

ADVICE

• Use the answer spaces provided and theallocation of marks in each part as a guide toallocation of marks in each part as a guide todetermine the length of your answer

• Don’t waste time to copy the question. straight tothe points or facts

• 1 mark means 1 fact.

2 marks means 2 facts2 marks means 2 facts

3 marks ? Expect 3 facts from you

ADVICE

• ANSWER STRAIGHT TO THE POINTSAND ACCORDING TO REQUIREMENTAND ACCORDING TO REQUIREMENTOF THE QUESTION

• USE YOUR TIME WISELY.MAKE FULLUSE OF 2 ½ HOURS ALLOCATED.DON’T WASTE TIME FOR TOILETDON’T WASTE TIME FOR TOILET

• NO LIQUID PAPER

Bahasa

Allow to answer inAllow to answer in

Bahasa Inggeris

Bahasa Melayu

Kedua-dua bahasa

PROBLEM

• Don’t understand the question

• Don’t know the requirement of the• Don’t know the requirement of thequestion

• Not according to marking criteria

• Answer without scientific fact

• Answer has general meaning• Answer has general meaning

• Do not use the CORRECT term or word

IMPORTANT

• IDENTIFY THE KEY WORD/STATEMENTOF A QUESTIONOF A QUESTION

• KNOW THE REQUIREMENT OF THESTATEMENT

• REFER TO THE MARKS ALLOCATEDAND THE ANSWER SPACE PROVIDEDAND THE ANSWER SPACE PROVIDED

Mark and allocation of space

• 1 mark = 1 fact = 1or 2 lines

• 2 marks = 2 facts = 2 to 4 lines• 2 marks = 2 facts = 2 to 4 lines

• Normally one fact and one reason

• Explanation with 2 facts

• 3 marks = 3 facts =3 to 5 lines

BLANK AND UNANSWER

• Weaker candidates usually answeredsome questions only and tend to left outsome questions only and tend to left outthe others

• Advice them to read the questions andanswer any thing that come across theirminds.

• Not to copy the questions only• Not to copy the questions only

• THERE MIGHT BE MANY POSSIBLEANSWERS THAT CAN BE ACCEPTED

Geometrical set

• 2006

In the space below, draw the scaleIn the space below, draw the scaledrawings of triangles of forces todetermine the values of …. (4 marks)

Majority can not //answer wrongly withoutMajority can not //answer wrongly withoutthe geometrical set

Liquid Paper

• Advice not to use

• Cases not wrote the answer. Forgot to• Cases not wrote the answer. Forgot towrite answer even through they know

Cross the answer

• No marking if the answer is crossed

• Provided has enough time to answer again• Provided has enough time to answer again

else don’t cross the answer

• Answered partly on Question 9 but decideto answer Question 10, don’t crossQuestion 9 that may get higher marksQuestion 9 that may get higher marks

Type of question for section A

• Marks allocated : 1 ,2 or 3 marks• Marks allocated : 1 ,2 or 3 marks

• Majority 1 mark per part/sub-part

CALCULATION2008 A(17/60) C(2/40)

2007A(18/60)C(5/20 5/20)• WRITE THE FORMULA• CORRECT SUBSTITUTE• CORRECT SUBSTITUTE

use SI unitcm to m g to kg minute to s

• ANSWER WITH CORRECT UNITEsp. N ; J ; W ; Pa

• ANSWER WITHOUT UNIT• ANSWER WITHOUT UNIT• ANSWER IN TWO DECIMAL PLACES.ROUND

Off THE NUMBER CORRECTLY1.667 ;1.67 √ 1.66 ; 1.7 x

Example

• An object of mass 500 g is fell freely from aplace 3 m above the ground. Calculate theplace 3 m above the ground. Calculate thekinetic energy of the object just before it touchesthe ground.

• Solution:

Kinetic energy=0.5x10x3 √ =15 J

• What about this?• What about this?

Kinetic energy=mgh=500 x 10 x 3

= 15 J

EXAMPLE

• A 210 W heater is put into a beaker of water.The mass of the water in the beaker is 500g.TheThe mass of the water in the beaker is 500g.Theheater is switched on for 2 minutes. Calculatethe change in the temperature of the water.(Specific heat capacity of water is

4200 Jkg ¹ °C ¹)

• Solution: Pt = mcθ √

210x2x60=0.5x4200x θ √ √

θ= 12 °C √

MISTAKE but : 210X2 = 500X4200X θ

Example on Radioactive

• The half-life of Cobalt-60 is 5.27 years.

Calculate the time taken for the activity ofCalculate the time taken for the activity ofCobalt-60 to reduce to 6.25% of its initialvalue. (2 marks)

100 50 25 12.5 6.25 √

Time taken = 4 x 5.27= 21.08 years √Time taken = 4 x 5.27= 21.08 years √

21.08 years only = 1 mark

Graph of Radioactive activity

Show on the graph the time taken forhalf the activity to decay = workinghalf the activity to decay = working

mark

10000

50005000

CALCULATION

• WRONG WORKING BUT CORRECT ANSWER:NO MARK:NO MARK

• CORRECT ANSWER ONLY WITHOUTWORKING : MARK FOR ANSWER ONLY

• SUBSTITUTION NOT IN SI UNIT BUTCORRECT ANSWER IN SI UNIT

:MARK FOR SUBSTITUTION ONLY:MARK FOR SUBSTITUTION ONLY

TO GET MARK FOR ANSWER :

CORRECT ANSWER WITH CORRECT UNIT

Mind U Word

Use word with specific meaningUse word with specific meaningand correct Physics concept

We understand what candidatewanted to answer but the

statement or word used is wrong

ALTTITUDE

• We can not assume for them

• We can not sympathies for them• We can not sympathies for them

• We can not mark according to what wewish

• We mark according to marking scheme

• We must be fair to all candidates• We must be fair to all candidates

• We must have a right attitude to mark

Answer not specific

1 Take the correct reading1 Take the correct reading

2 Suitable mass

3 Change of velocity

4 Density is not too high

5 Penetrating power is high or moderate

6 Volume (of water/solid/gas?)

7 Pressure (air/water/atmosphere?)

2007/2/6ai/biv

Diagram shows a lighting circuit of a house.

X X X

a(ii) What will happen to the other bulbs if one bulb blows? (1)

L

E

N

light up √ Still function x

b(iv) How can the bulbs be connected to increase the total

resistance of the circuit? (1)

Arrange the bulbs in series √

Increase the number of bulbs in the circuit x

MInd YOUR WORD 2007/2/3a/3b Kinetic Theory of matterMInd YOUR WORD 2007/2/3a/3b Kinetic Theory of matterDiagram shows the change of phase when 1 kg of ice is convertedDiagram shows the change of phase when 1 kg of ice is convertedinto stream.into stream.

R SR S1 kg ice at 01 kg ice at 0 °°C 1 kg water at 0C 1 kg water at 0 °°CC

a)a) Name the heat energyName the heat energy which is absorbed from R to S. (1 )which is absorbed from R to S. (1 )

Latent heat √Latent heat √Specific latent heatSpecific latent heat xx

b) State one reasonb) State one reason why the temperature at R and S is the samewhy the temperature at R and S is the sameeveneven

though heat is supplied. (1)though heat is supplied. (1)though heat is supplied. (1)though heat is supplied. (1)

The heat needed to break the bonds betweenThe heat needed to break the bonds betweenthe moleculesthe molecules √√

The heat needed to break the bonds betweenThe heat needed to break the bonds betweenthethe molecules of watermolecules of water xxHeat absorbed = heat lostHeat absorbed = heat lost xx

Misleading “term”

• A ball is thrown vertically upward.

• What will happen to the motion of the ball• What will happen to the motion of the ballwhile it move upward?

Answer?

Motion decrease

Move upward slowlyMove upward slowly

Velocity decrease

Common mistake for forces

• Thrust//up thrust//forward thrust

• Weight // gravitation attraction force• Weight // gravitation attraction force

• Buoyant force // lift

• Friction force//air resistance //

water resistance // drag

THREE POSIBLE ANSWER FOR“COMPARE”

(i) Equal

(ii) Higher, larger(ii) Higher, larger

(iii) Lower ,smaller

• Don’t use words like:

(i) remain// there are changes//

(ii) Pointer is deflected // high / small / big /(ii) Pointer is deflected // high / small / big /

large / low

when answering question on ”COMPARE”

DEFINITION

• Can give the definition of physics quantity

or meaning of physics conceptor meaning of physics concept

Arrow sign

• Don’t use F a

• Don’t use t F• Don’t use t F

• OK to use

Kinetic energy potential energy

Answer more than request

• State ONE apparatus … (1 mark)

Answer more than one apparatus and there isAnswer more than one apparatus and there isone mistake = 0 mark

• Suggest TWO methods … (2 marks)

Answer more than two methods,

one mistake minus one = 1 mark

two mistakes = 0 mark

Answer 3 methods and all correct = 2 marks

Symbol

• Don’t use symbol in section A

• If use , must explain the meaning of• If use , must explain the meaning ofsymbol example F is the force

Not encourage to use symbol in section B &C although most of the time it is acceptedin the case of explainingin the case of explaining

What is wanted by DIAGRAM(LIGHT )

• Convex and concave Lenses

Mark the optical centre,O AND focus point,F clearlyMark the optical centre,O AND focus point,F clearly

Refraction

bent toward the normal or away from the normal(density of the medium)

Total internal reflection

i)denser medium to less den medium

ii) i > c

2005/2/11cAstronomicalTelescope

a(iii)Using two convex lenses,draw a raya(iii)Using two convex lenses,draw a raydiagram to show the formation of the finalimage by the telescope at normal adjustment.(5 )

Expect from U Diagram

• i)Label objective lens and eyepiece lens• i)Label objective lens and eyepiece lenscorrectly

• ii)Two parallel rays toward objective lens

• iii) Focus point of objective and eyepiecelenses overlap

• iv) Light converge by objectic lens• iv) Light converge by objectic lens

• v) Parallel light by the eyepiece lens

Objectivelens

Eyepiecelens

Fe

F0

Fe

Fe

2003/2/4(a)(iii)Refraction

• In Figure,draw a ray diagram from pointP to the eye to show how the legsappear shorter. (2)

P

Refraction:Do U shown

1. Two Ray from point Prefracted away from the

Image

refracted away from thenormal

2. Image vertically above point PP

WATER WAVES

Refraction (deep and shallow water)

1. Changes in direction of wave1. Changes in direction of wave

2. Changes in wavelength of the waves

DIFFRACTION OFWATER WAVES

1st

Waves bent atthe edges

2nd

Waves spreadout

3rd

No change inwavelength

LOGIC GATES

• Especially NOT /AND / OR Gates

1. The symbol of the gates,1. The symbol of the gates,

number of input and output

2. The output (0/1 ; on/off) for a

given input

3. Truth table : Mark given either3. Truth table : Mark given either

all the horizontal output or all the

vertically output are correct

2005/2/8c/d LOGIC GATES

Figure shows a combination of logic gates,P , that is suggested to develop the logicP , that is suggested to develop the logicgates system.

oOutput

Input S

Input T

P

N

P

4531/2/A6/2004Red fringe

Figure 6.1

Bluefringe

Figure 6.2

b) Using the pattern of the fringes in Figure 6.2 and Figure6.3,state two observations about the distances betweenconsecutive fringes for the red light and blue light. (2)

1.The distance between consecutive red fringes or blue fringes isequal (similarity)equal (similarity)

2. The distance between consecutive red fringes is more than bluefringes (different)

c) Compare the wavelengths of red light to blue light (1)

Wavelength of red light is larger

d) Compare the wavelengths of red light and blue lightwith the distances between consecutive fringes in (b)with the distances between consecutive fringes in (b)(1)

Longer wavelength will produce longer distance between theconsecutive fringes

Which Question To Answer?

• SECTION B 9 or 10?

(Unlimited response)(Unlimited response)

AND

SECTION C 11 or 12?

(Limited response)

Choose a right question

• Sometimes Questions in Section B orSection C have different level ofSection C have different level ofdifficulties.

• Read the questions carefully and decidewhich question is easier to score beforeansweranswer

Case : Answer 2 Questions inSection B/C ???

• Answer both questions in Section B,9 & 10

• Mark both Questions and the question• Mark both Questions and the questionwith higher mark is chosen

• Answer both question in Section C,11 &12

• Mark both questions and the question withthe higher mark is chosenthe higher mark is chosen

• Answer Both questions in Section B only

• Question with higher mark is chosen

LIMITED RESPONSES

• Answered according to the given facts

based on a series of Diagramsbased on a series of Diagrams

Or on a Table

The specification/characteristics/.. arelimited response BUT not the reason