TALKING BOOK Advanced 1 Stampana Knjiga

8/18/2019 TALKING BOOK Advanced 1 Stampana Knjiga

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alking

ook

P ut your future in right hands.

Y ours!

2010Gold

Quality Award

Advanced 1


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KNJIGA KOJA GOVORI

- Talking Book -

Chinese Proverb

T eachers open thedoor,

but youmust enter by yourself


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SadržajNivo 5– Advanced

Unit 58 -Question Tags

Double Negatives

Both, Either, Neither, Nor and So

So do I

Unit 59- Relative Clauses

Unit 60- Indirect Questions

Unit 61 - Past Perfect Tense - Složeno prošlo vreme

Unit 62 - Future Continuous

Unit 63- Future Perfect

© 2009 Educational Institut e. All ri ghts reserved.

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Sadržaj Vežbe Aud iolekcije

Lista nepravilnih glagola

Lista frazalnih glagola


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© 2009 Educational Instit ute. All rights reserved.


Question TagsZar ne?

Question tags se koriste u razgovoru da bi dobili(pozitivnu) reakciju od osobe kojoj pričate.

That’s not really difficult, is it? ;o)

Pogledajte tabele na sledećim stranama.

You are Tom, aren’t you?(Ti si Tom, zar ne?)He isn’t Joe, is he?(On nije John, zar ne?)

You speak English, don't you? (Govoriš engleski, zar ne?)

+Positive statement,

-negative tag?

Snow is white, isn't it?

-Negative statement,

+positive tag?

You don't like me, do you?


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positive statement [+] negative tag [-]

Subjekat Pomoćniglagol

Glavniglagol

pomoćni not Lična zamenica

You are coming, are n't you?

We have finished, have n't we?

You do like coffee, do n't you?

You like coffee, do n't you?

They will help, wo n't they?

I can come, can 't I?

We must go, must n't we?

He should try harder, should n't he?

You are English, are n't you?

John was there, was n't he?


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negative statement [-] positive tag [+]

subjekat Pomoćniglagol

Glavniglagol

pomoćni Ličnazamenica

It is n't raining, is it?

We have never seen that, have we?

You do n't like coffee, do you?

They will not help, will they?

They wo n't report us, will they?

I can never do it right, can I?

We must n't tell her, must we?

He should n't drive so fast, should he?

You are n't English, are you?

John was not there, was he?

We must be at home at 8 pm, mustn't we?

Yes, we must. No, we needn't.

You aren't from Germany, are you?

Slažete se. Odbijate.

No, I'm not. Yes, I am.


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© 2009 Educational Instit ute. All rights reserved.© 2009 Educational Institut e. All ri ghts reserved.


Ovo su posebni slučajevi:

I am right , aren't I?U pravu sam, zar ne?

aren't I ili am I not (NE amn't I)

You have to go, don't you?Moraš da ideš, zar ne?

you (do) have to go...

I have been answering, haven't I?Odgovarao sam, zar ne?

Koristite prvi pomoćni glagol

Nothing came in the post, did it?Ništa nije stig lo (pošta) zar ne?

Tretirajte rečenice sa nothing, nobody itd.kao negativne rečenice

Let's go, shall we?Hajdemo, hoćemo li?

let's = let us

He'd better do it, hadn't he?Bolje da je to uradio, zar ne?

he had better (no auxiliary)


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But you don't really love her, do you? (Ne voliš je valjda, zar ne?)

This wil l work, won't it? (Ovo će raditi, zar ne?)

Well, I couldn't help it, could I? (Pa, nisam mogao ništa da uradim, zar ne?)

But you'll tell me if she calls, won't you? (Reći ćeš mi ako pozove, zar ne?)

We'd never have known, would we? (Nikada ne bismo saznali, zar ne?)

The weather's bad, isn't it? (Vreme je loše, zar ne?)

You won't be late, wil l you? (Nećeš kasniti, zar ne?)

Nobody knows, do they? (Niko ne zna, zar ne?)


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I pored toga što je osnovna strukutura tag questions pozitiv-negativ ili negativ-pozitiv,ponekad je moguće koristiti pozitiv-pozitiv ili negativ-negativ.

Koristimo question tags u istom smeru da bi izrazili interesovanja, iznenadjenja, ljutnju,itd., a ne da bi napravili pravo pitanje.

So you're having a baby, are you? Imaćeš bebu, zar ne? (Znači: to je divno!)

She wants to marry him, does she? Želi da se uda za njega, zar ne? (Prilika)!

So you think that's amusing, do you? Misliš da je to zabavno, zar ne? (Razmisli).

Negativ-negativ tag pitanja obično zvuče malo neprijateljski:

So you don't like my looks, don't you?Ne svidja ti se moj izgled, zar ne?

You don’t likemy looks,don’t you?


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Question tags sa imperativima

Ponekad koristimo question tags sa imperativima (invitations, orders), ali rečenica ostajeu imperativu i ne zahteva direktan odgovor. Koristimo won't za pozive. Koristimo can,can't, will, would za naredbe.

imperative + question tag značenje

poziv Take a seat, won't you? ljubazno

naredba Help me, can you? prijateljsko

Help me, can't you? Prijateljsko (malo iritirajuće)

Close the door, would you? Prilično ljubazno

Do it now, will you? Manje ljubazno

Don't forget, will you? Kod negativnih imperativa samowill je moguće


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Sam: You're going to miss your s ister since she's married, aren't you?Nedostajaće ti sestra pošto se (od kada se) udala, zar ne?

Robert: I sure am. She made a lovely bride, didn't she?Naravno da hoće. Bila je divna nevesta, zar ne?

Sam: She was beautiful. So when will your turn be?Bila je prelepa. Pa, kada ćeš ti? (Kada će doći red na tebe?)

Robert: Soon! Very soon!Uskoro! Vrlo uskoro!

Sam: Well, a drink to you and your future wife!Pa, pijem (nazdravljam) u tvoje i buduće žene ime!

Lekcija je pisana neformalnim, svakodnevnim engleskim.


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Double NegativesDupli negativi

Šta su dupli negativi?

Dupli negativ je kada stavite dve negativne reči zajedno u istoj rečenici.Ukoliko dve negativne reči govore o istoj stvari, one potiru jedna drugu, tako da porukakoju dobijete bude pozitivna. Ovo je vrlo zbunjujuće i predstavlja osnovnu grešku uformalnom jeziku, na primer kod pisanja pisama ili davanja intervjua za posao.Primeri:

Negativne reči Negativni glagoli

no, not, noneno-one, nothing, nowhereneither, nobody, never

doesn' t, isn' t, wasn' twouldn' t, couldn't, shouldn' twon't, can' t, don' t

Ako kombinujete bilo koje dve reči od gore pomenutih, rečenica će biti pozitivna,

odnosno, suprotno od onoga što ste želeli. Dakle, ako želite da rečenica budenegativna, koristite SAMO JEDNU negativnu reč.

I am not going to pay no bills. Ovo zapravo znači: I am going to pay some bills.She can’t make friends with nobody. Ovo znači: She can make friends wi thsomebody.Evo primera bez greške duplog negativa:I am not going to pay any bills. Ili I am going to pay no bills.She can’t make friends with anybody. Ili She can make friends with nobody.Ove r ečenice imaju samo jedan negativ i samim tim imaju i negativno značenje.


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Negative + Negative = Positive.Negative + Positive = NegativeKoristite samo jednu negativnu reč u rečenici

kada želite da kažete nešto negativno.

Kada koristite negativan (odričan) oblik glagola (He isn' t working ..., They aren'tgoing to ...) nemojte koristiti negativne reči kao: nobody, nowhere, etc.Primeri:They aren't going anywhere special. NE They aren't going nowhere special.

She hasn't spoken to anyone yet. NE She hasn't spoken to nobody yet.

Negativne reči

Sledeća lista sadrži reči koje smatramo negativnim. Ako ih upotrebite jednom u rečenici,rečenica će biti negativna.

Nobody – niko, no one – niko, Hardly – jedva, teško, Scarcely –jedva, teško,Barely – jedva, No - ne, Not - ne, None - niko, nimalo, Nothing – ništa,Nowhere – nigde, Neither – ni


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Rečenica ZnačenjePozitivna konstrukci jarečenice

negative + negative

I hardly have none. I have some.

I don't want nothing. I want something.

Negativna konstrukcijarečenice

negative + positive

I hardly have any. I have few.

I don't want anything. I want nothing.


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'Either … or‘ (britanski izgovor) 'Either … or ‘ (američki izgovor)

Either ... or... se koristi u rečenicama u pozitivnom značenju "one or the other , (jedan ilidrugi), this or that, (ovo ili ono) he or she, (on ili ona) itd.” Na primer:

Either Peter or the girls need to attend the course.

I Peter i devojke treba da pohadjaju kurs.

Neither … nor (britanski izgovor) Neither … nor (američki izgovor)'Neither … nor' se koristi u rečenicama u negativnom značenju: "not this one nor theother, (ni ovaj ni onaj) not this nor that, (ni ovo, ni ono) not he nor she, (ni on ni ona)itd.“ Na primer:Neither Frank nor Li lly li ves in London.

Ni Frank ni Lilly ne žive u Londonu.

Neither Axel nor my other friends care about their future.

Ni Axel ni moji ostali prijatelji ne brinu o svojoj budućnosti.

either ... or - da bi pričali o izboru dve mogućnosti.neither ... nor - da bi spoj ili dve negativne ideje.both ... and – da bi spojili dve ideje. (oba, oboje, obojica)not only ...but – da bi dodali dodatne informacije. Koristi se u formalnomengleskom.


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She can see either the boss or the secretary. Može da vidi ili šefa ili sekretaricu.We have neither a dog nor a cat. Nemamo ni psa ni mačku.

Are you both a director and an actor ? Da li ste i režiser i glumac?

I am not only an actor but also a director. Nisam samo glumac nego i režiser.

He not only practises the piano but he also gives concerts.Ne samo da vežba klavir, nego i daje koncerte.


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Izraz Primer both … and … I like both cats and dogs.

Volim i mačke i pse.

so Jane likes cats. So do I.Jane voli mačke. I ja.

not … either Jane doesn't like cats. I don't like cats either.Jane ne voli mačke. I ja ne volim mačke.

either … or … Jane either has a cat or a dog.Jane ima i psa i mačku.

neither/nor Jane doesn't like cats. Neither do I./Nor do I.

Jane ne voli mačke. Ni ja.

neither … nor … I like neither cats nor dogs.Ja ne volim ni mačke ni pse.


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So do II ja

Me too (ja takodje) se upotrebljava kao jednostavniji izraz, na primer:

'I’m hungry - Me too.' ILI 'So am I.' – Gladan sam. I ja.

'I’m feeling very sleepy.' 'Me too.' – Vrlo sam pospan. I ja.

'I think I’ll go to bed.' 'So will I.‘ - Mislim da ću u krevet. I ja ću.

Malo je verovatno reći: He too ili Her too ili They too, mada možemo i tu konstrukcijurečenice upotrebiti ako je deo duže izjave, na primer:

•'Maggie couldn’t go and he too discovered that he was unable to attend the Decemberboard meeting.‘•Maggie nije mogla da ide i on je saznao da nije u stanju da pohadja decembarskisastanak odbora.

Imajte u vidu da suprotno od Me too je Nor me ili Me neither :

•'I don’t feel like climbing to the top of this mountain this afternoon.' 'Me neither .‘•Ne penje mi se na vrh ove planine popodne. Ni meni.

'I’m not going to Jane’s party on Saturday.' 'Nor me.'Ne idem na Džejninu zabavu u subotu. Ni ja.


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So do II ja

He flew to Geneva last summer. - So did she.

(Otišao je u Ženevu prošlog leta. I ona je.)

I'd love to visit Poland some day. - So would I.(Volela bih da posetim Poljsku jednog dana. I ja bih.)

I'm meeting a colleague tomorrow. - So am I.(Videću se sa kolegom sutra. I ja.)

I’d love to visitPoland someday.


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Relative Clauses 1Relativne klauze

Relative clause je rečenica koja počinje upitnim rečima who, which,

where ili that.Upotrebljava se da bi da bi dali više informacija o nečemu, ili da bilakše definisali nešto a da ne počinjemo drugu rečenicu. Na primer:

- I work for a company. >> I work for a company that sells computersoftware.(Radim za jednu kompaniju. Radim u jednoj kompaniji koja prodaje

kompjuterske softvere.)Klauza (rečenica)"that sells computer software" daje dodatne informacije okompaniji.- She likes people. >> She likes people who are kind and generous.

Ona voli ljude. Ona voli ljude koji su ljubazni i velikodušni.

Prva rečenica je previše uopštena, dok druga rečenica daje više informacijao tome kakve ljude voli.


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Obratite pažnju na ovu situaciju: devojka priča sa

Tomom. Želite da znate ko je ona i pitate prijatelja da lion nešto zna o devojci koja priča sa Tomom. Mogli bisteda kažete ovako:

A girl is talking to Tom. Do you know the girl?

Zvuči malo komplikovano, zar ne? Lakše bi bilo sa

relative clause. Stavite obe informacije u jednurečenicu. Počnite od najvažnije stvari, a to je da želiteda znate ko je devojka.

Do you know the girl …

Pošto vaš prijatelj nemože da zna o kojoj devojci

pričate, morate da upotrebite dodatne informacije-devojka priča sa Tomom.Upotrebite „the girl“ samo u prvom delu rečenice, udrugom dodajte relative pronoun (za ljude koristitewho), tako da bi krajnja rečenica bila:

Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom?


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Who

W h o daje informacije o ljudima. Na primer:

- There are many people who want to learn English.(Ima mnogo ljudi koji žele da nauče engleski.)

- A doctor is a person who helps sick people.(Lekar je osoba koja pomaže bolesnima.)

Može se upotrebiti “that” isto kao i “who”. Na primer:

- I like the man that lives next to us.(Svidja mi se čovek koji živi pored nas.)

- I like the man who lives next to us.(Svidja mi se čovek koji živi pored nas.)

Ovo je moguće u Defining Relative Clauses, ali ne i u

Non-defining Relative Clauses.


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Which

Which daje informacije o stvarima. Na primer:- Where's the pencil which was on my desk?(Gde je olovka koja je bila na mom stolu?)

- He's moved to an apartment which has a nice view.(Preselio se u stan koji ima bolji pogled.)

T h a t se može upotrebiti umesto which posebno u neformalnomgovoru. Na primer:- I'd like a job that has a higher salary. – OK- I'd like a job which has a higher salary. – OK(Voleo bih posao sa većom platom.)

- This is the book that I borrowed from Lisa. - OK- This is the book which I borrowed from Lisa. – OK(Ovo je knjiga koju sam pozajmio od Lise.)

Kako je gore navedeno, which i that se mogu koristiti u Defining RelativeClauses, ali samo which može biti u Non-defining Relative Clauses.


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Defining and Non-defining Relative Clauses

Definisane i nedefinisane relativne klauze (rečenice)

Defining Relative Clauses (Definisane relativne rečenice)

Defining relative clauses daju detaljnu informaciju o nečemu. Utakvim rečenicama se ne stavlja zarez. Na primer:

The hotel that we stayed in wasn't bad.(Hotel u kome smo ostali nije bio loš.)("that we stayed in" definiše o kom hotelu pričamo.)

"Who", "whom" i "which" mogu da se zamene sa "that". To je vrločesto u govornom engleskom.

Zamislite da je Tom u sobi sa pet devojaka. Jedna devojka priča sa Tomom, avi pitate nekog drugog da li poznaje devojku. Ovde, relative clause definišena koju od pet devojaka mislite.

Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom?(Da li znaš devojku koja razgovara sa Tomom?)


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Non-defining relative clause daje DODATNE informacije koje nisuneophodne da bi razumeli značenje cele rečenice. One nam govoreviše o nekome ili nečemu ali ga ne definišu.U takvim rečenicama se stavlja zarez.

Non-Defining Relative Clauses (Nedefinisane relativne rečenice)

Na primer:

Elephants that love mice are very unusual.* Ovde znamo o kojim slonovima pričamo.

Elephants, which are large and grey, can sometimes be found inzoos.* Ovo nam daje dodatne informacije o slonovima- mi govorimo o svimslonovima, ne samo o jednoj vrsti ili grupi slonova.

My sister, who lives in France, is coming to stay with me next week.* "who lives in France" nije neophodno, što znači da ja imam samo jednusestru i nije potrebno da je dodatno opisujem koristeći "relative clause“


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My friend John, who went to the same school as me, has just written abest-selling novel.(Moj prijatelj John, koji je išao u istu školu kao i ja, upravo je napisao best-selling novelu.)

Jim, who/whom we met yesterday, is very nice.(Jim, koga smo upoznali juče, je vrlo fin.)


U non-defining clauses, ne možete da koristite "that" umesto "who","whom" ili "which".

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Indirect QuestionsIndirektna pitanja

Indirektna pitanja su ljubazniji i duži oblik pitanja od normalnih.

Na primer:

- Where's the department store? – Direktno pitanje(Gde je robna kuća?)

- Could you tell me where the department store is, please? –Indirektno pitanje

(Da li biste mogli da mi kažete gde je robna kuća molim Vas?)

- What's his name? – Direktno pitanje (Kako se on zove?)

- Do you know what his name is? - Indirektno pitanje(Da li znate kako se on zove?)

Kako se grade?

Indirekta pitanja su sastavljena od dva dela: ljubaznog izraza ipitanja u kome nema inverzije subjekta i glagola kao u normalnimpitanjima.

Na primer: Klikni


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Indirect QuestionsIndirektna pitanja

-What's his name? >>- Do you know what his name is? – Indirektno pitanjeOvde je ljubazan izraz : "Do you know...", a pitanje "...what his nameis?".-Obratite pažnju na to da u upitnom delu rečenice subjekat i glagol nisuzamenili mesta . Tako da ukoliko biste rekli: "Do you know what is hisname?", bilo bi netačno.

Još jedan primer:- What's the time? >>- Do you have any idea what the time is? – Indirektno pitanjeLjubazan izraz je "Do you have any idea...?", a pitanje je "...what thetime is?".

Pitanje nije "...what is the time?" – ne vršite inverziju subjekta i glagolakao kod normalnih pitanja.


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Pomoćni glagol "To do“

Pomoćni glagol "to do“ se koristi kod upitnih rečenica gde nemadrugog pomoćnog glagola. Na primer:

- You like Chinese food.- Do you like Chinese food?

Indirektna pitanja ne koriste pomoćni glagol "to do" u glavnojupitnoj rečenici.Na primer:- When does the next train arrive? – Direktno pitanje- Do you know when the next train arrives? – Indirektno pitanje- Do you know when does the next train arrive? - NetačnoDrugi primer:- When does the restaurant close? – Direktno pitanje

- Could you tell me when the restaurant closes? - Indirektno pitanje- Could you tell me when does the restaurant close? - Netačno

Indirect QuestionsIndirektna pitanja Sadržaj Vežbe Aud io

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Postoje beskonačno mnogo načina da napravite indirektno pitanje.

Nisu sva indirektna pitanja klasična pitanja, donekle su to ljubazneizjave koje podstiču neki odgovor.

Evo nekih najčešćih ljubaznih pitanja:

- I wonder if/whether...? (Pitam se ako bi...)- I can't remember if/whether...? (Ne mogu da se setim da li...)

- Could you tell me if/whether...? (Da li biste mogli da mi kažete ....)- Would you mind telling me if/whether...? (Ako nemate ništa protiv da mikažete...)- Would it be possible for you to...? (Da li bi to bilo moguće Vama da...)- Is there any chance you could...? (Da li postoji neka mogućnost ako bimogli...)- I'd like to know if/whether... (Želela bih da znam ako...)

- I can't remember... (Ne mogu da se setim...)

Indirect QuestionsIndirektna pitanja Sadržaj Vežbe Aud io

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Past Perfect TenseProšli Perfekat

The Past Perfect se korist i da bi povezao dva prošla vremena, prethodno proš lo

vreme sa kasnijim prošlim vremenom. U praksi se koristi da bi pričali o radnji uprošlost i koja se završi la pre neke druge prošle radnje. Na primer:

- When I arrived, the plane had left. – Kada sam stigao, avion je otišao.When I arrived (prošlo vreme), the plane had left (prethodno prošlo vreme)

- Before I went to Canada, I hadn't been abroad. – Pre nego što sam otišao u

Kanadu, nisam bio u inostranstvu.I went to Canada (prošlo vreme), a pre tog vremena nikada nisam bio u inostranstvu.(I hadn’t been - prethodno prošlo vreme).

Kako se gradi Past PerfectThe Past Perfect se gradi sa had i past participom (III kolona nepravilnihglagola). Na primer:

- I had eaten- She had played- They had flown

Vidi primere za potvrdan, upitan, odričan i odrično upitan oblik


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Upotreba

Kao što smo i pomenuli , Past Perfect povezuje dva prošla vremena, neki dogadjaju prošlosti sa drugim dogadjajem koji se desio pre toga.

Postoje neka pravila koja ćemo vam ovde navesti da bi lakše razumeli.

- I wasn't busy yesterday. I had already finished my work.

(Nisam bio zauzet juče. Već sam završio svoj posao.)I wasn't busy (jedno prošlo vreme), zbog toga što sam prethodno završio svoj posao.

- I ate a small lunch, because I'd already eaten a big breakfast.Jeo sam malo, zbog toga što sam već pojeo puno za doručak.

I ate lunch (jedno prošlo vreme), a pre tog prošlog vremena ja sam doručkovao.

- When I arrived, the concert had just started.Kada sam stigao koncert je već počeo.

Stigao sam u prošlosti, a koncert je počeo neko vreme pre toga.


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Past Perfect TenseProšli Perfekat - Upotreba

Dakle, past perfect se upotrebljava da bi pokazao koji se od dva dogadjaja desio prvi.

Zamislite dve stvari koje su se desile u prošlosti:

I went to see the movie.Išao sam da gledam film.

We discussed the movie in class.

Razgovarali smo o filmu u razredu.Ovde, mi ne znamo po kom redosledu su se dogadjaji desili. To može biti važno – možda sam išao da gledam film posle diskusije ili sam možda video film pre diskusije.Ima puno načina da razjasnimo ovu rečenicu, a past perfect je jedan od tih. Evo kakobismo rekli:

I went to see the movie. We had discussed it in class.Išao sam da gledam film. Razgovarali smo o njemu u razredu.

Ovde, mi ZNAMO da se diskusija o filmu desila PRVA, čak iako je rečenica koja to

opisuje došla na kraju. Mi smo razgovarali o filmu i ONDA sam ja otišao da ga vidim.


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Kako se gradi Past Perfect?

Prošli perfekat (Past Perfect Tense) se gradi od prošlog oblika glagola 'to have' iparticipa prošlog glagola koji se menja.

Particip prošli od glagola 'to have' glasi 'had', a particip prošli glagola koji se menja jezapravo -> kod pravilnih glagola dodavanje nastavka -ed glagolskoj osnovi (Verb + ed),a kod nepravilnih glagola pogledajte listu nepravilnih glagola (npr.see - saw - seen).

Subjekat Pomoćni glagol Particip prošliI had seen

Potvrdan oblik se gradi kada se na subjekat doda prošli oblik glagola 'to have' (had)i particip prošlog glagola koji se menja (glagol+ed). I had seen

Odričan oblik se gradi kada se pomoćnom glagolu 'had' doda rečica 'not'.

I had not (hadn’t) seenUpitan oblik se gradi inverzijom, tj.zamenom mesta subjekta i pomoćnog glagola.Had I seen?

Upitno-odričan oblik se gradi kada se izvrši inverzija mesta kod odričnog oblika.Had I not seen? ili Hadn’ t I seen?


Past Perfect TenseProšli Perfekat Sadržaj Vežbe Aud io

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Potvrdan oblik Odričan oblik Upitan oblik Upitno-odričan obl ik

I had finished.I had not (hadn't)

finished.Had I finished?

Had I not (hadn't I)finished?

You had finished.You had not

(hadn't) finished.Had you finished?

Had you not (hadn't you)finished?

He, she, it hadfinished.

He, she, it hadnot (hadn't)

finished.

Had he, she, itfinished?

Had he, she, it not(hadn't he) finished?

We had finished.We had not

(hadn't) finished.Had we finished?

Had we not (hadn't we)finished?

You had finished.You had not

(hadn't) finished.Had you finished?

Had you not (hadn't you)finished?

They had finished.They had not

(hadn't) finished.Had they finished?

Had they not (hadn'tthey) finished?


Past Perfect TenseProšli Perfekat Sadržaj Vežbe Aud io

lekcije

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Koja je razlika izmedju Past Perfect - Present Perfect

Present Perfect spaja prošlost i sadašnjost, na primer:

- I haven't eaten today, so I want some food.(Nisam jeo danas, tako da želim hranu.)

The Past Perfect spaja dva prošla vremena, na primer:

- I hadn't eaten yesterday, so I wanted some food.(Nisam jeo juče, tako da sam želeo hranu.)

Sličnosti:

- We don't need an umbrella because the rain has stopped.

(Ne treba nam kišobran jer je kiša prestala.)

- We didn't need an umbrella, because the rain had stopped.(Nije nam trebao kišobran jer je kiša prestala.)


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Future ContinuousTrajno buduće vreme

The Future Continuous označava radnju koja će trajati izvesno vreme

u budućnosti.Na primer:- This week I'm working in Boston, but next week I'll be working in LosAngeles.(Ove nedelje radim u Bostonu, ali sledeće nedelje ću raditi u Los Andjelesu.)

- Where will you be staying? I'll be staying at the Warwick Hotel.

(Gde ćete odsesti? Odsešćemo u Warwick hotelu.)

Kako se gradi

The Future Continuous se gradi od will + glagol "to be" + ing.Na primer:

- They will be staying for a few days. (Ostaće nekoliko dana.)

- She will be going to America. (Ona će ići u Ameriku.)


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Odričnim rečenicama dodajte n o t , na primer:

- We won't be staying for a few days. (Nećemo ostati nekoliko dana.)

- She won't be going to America. (Ona neće ići u Ameriku.)

- Will you be studying late tonight? (Hoćeš li učiti do kasno večeras?)

Upitni oblici se grade inverzijom will i subjekta, na primer:

- Will they be staying for a few days?(Hoće li oni ostati nekoliko dana?)

- Will she be going to America?

(Hoće li ona ići u Ameriku?)


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Future Continuous se često koristi da bi proverili informaciju, na

primer.- Will you be be having lunch with us?(Hoćeš li ručati sa nama?)

Uporedite ga sa običnim budućim vremenom, Future Simple, kojeviše zvuči kao ponuda, na primer:

- Will you have lunch with us? (Hoćeš li ručati sa nama?)

Future Continuous se takodje koristi da bi napravili simpatičneprovere ljudskih osećanja, na primer:

- You'll be feeling hungry after a hard day's work.(Osećaćeš glad posle napornog rada.)

- You'll be needing some rest before you go.(Trebaće ti odmor pre nego odeš.)


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Future PerfectBudući Perfekat

The Future Perfect se koristi da bi pokazao radnju koja će se desiti i završiti do

odredjenog vremena u budućnosti. Na primer:

- I will have finished by 4.00. - Do 4.00 završiću izvesnu aktivnost.

Kako se gradi:

The Future Continuous se gradi sa will + have + the past particip le. Na primer:

- I wil l have arrived by 4.00. (Stići ću do 4.00)- They wil l have left by next week. (Otići će do sledeće nedelje.)- He will have gone to America by the end of the month. (On će otići u Ameriku do krajameseca.)Odričnim rečenicama dodajte not, na primer:- I won't have arrived by 4.00. (Neću stići do 4.00)- They won't have left by next week. (Neće otići do sledeće nedelje.)- He won't have gone to America until next month. (Neće otići u Ameriku do sledećegmeseca.)Upitni oblici se grade inverzijom will i subjekta, na primer:- Will you have arrived by 4.00? (Hoćeš li stići do 4.00?)- Will they have left by next week? (Hoće li otići do sledeće nedelje?)- Will he have gone to America by next month? (Hoće li otići u Ameriku do sledećegmeseca?)


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Future PerfectBudući Perfekat

Upotreba:

The Future Perfect izražava radnju koja će se desiti pre neke druge radnje ubudućnosti.Na primer:

The train wi ll leave the station at 9am. You w ill arrive at the station at 9.15am.When you arrive the train will have left.Vož će napustiti stanicu u 9. Ti ćeš doći na stanicu u 9.15. Kada dodješ, voz će otići.

-Next Friday, I'll have worked here for 5 years.Kada dodje sledeći petak, biće 5 godina od kako sam počeo da radim ovde.

Često koristimo by da bi pokazali vreme pre koga je nešto završeno, na primer:

- Can I borrow your book? - You can have it tomorrow, I'll have read it by then.Mogu li da pozajmim tvoju knjigu? – Možeš da je uzmeš sutra, pročitaću je do tada.

- I'll have left by the time you arrive.Ja ću otići u vreme kada ti dodješ.


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Elektronske vežbeSadržaj Vežbe

Aud iolekcije

Elektronske vežbe se nalaze u drugoj knjizi.Otvorite e-knjigu u istom folderu pod imenom Practice Book


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Najčešće korišćeni frazalni glagoli:break, bring, call, carry, come, do, fall, get, go, keep, look, make, put, run,set, take, turn

break

break down otkazati

fizički i mentalno kolabirati

break in Izvršiti provalu

prekinuti

upadati

break off prekinuti (terapiju, odnos)

break out pobeći iz zatvora, izbiti(npr.pege), izniknuti

break up raskinuti vezu

bring

bring about izazvati, dovesto do

bring forth izneti, roditi

bring forward obratiti pažnju na nešto

bring on izazvati nešto da se desi, pojavi

bring round ubediti

osvestiti

bring up vaspitati

odgajiti

izneti

Phrasal Verbs – frazalni glagoli


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call

call back zvati ponovo

call for zahtevati, tražiti

call in pozvati

konsultovati specijalistu

call off otkazati

call out čitati glasno imena, dobacivati

Narediti radnicima da štrajkuju

call on Tražiti od nekoga da uradi nešto

call up telefonirati

izazvati

carry

carry away otkloniti

Zaneti se, odneti

carry off Odneti silom

poneti

Razneti

carry on nastaviti

carry out Izvršiti, sprovesti

carry through Privesti kraju, izvršiti

sprovesti



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come

come about Desiti se, dogoditi se

come across Naići na nekoga

come after slediti

come at napadotkriti

come back vratiti

come by svratiti

Kupiti, dobiti

come down Pasti (cene)

come down to Označiti, misliti

come down with Razboleti se

come in ući

prodirati

come in for Primiti, biti predmet kritike

come off Nestati, odvojiti se

come out Izaći na videlo, objaviti, istupiti

Biti otklonjen (mrlja)

come over Doći (ako ste daleko), obuzeti

come round Posetiti nekoga

Povratiti svest

come to Svoditi se naDoći stići

come up Pronići, iskrsnuti

Rasti (problem)

come up against Suočiti se (sa problemima)

come upon Naići na

come up to match (a standard)

come up with Doći do ideje



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do

do away with Iskoreniti, uništiti

ubiti

do up UreditiZakopčati, upakovati

do with Trebati, trpeti, zadovoljiti se, podnositi

do without moći bez nečega

fall

fall apart Raspasti se

fall behind zaostati

fall for Biti zaljubljen u

podleći

fall in with Slučajno sresti

Sukobiti se

fall off Smanjiti se

Pasti od

fall out svadja

fall out with Svadjati se sa

fall through propasti

fall to Pasti, početi željno neku aktivnost



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go

go against Protiviti se

go along with Slagati se, imati istu tačku gledišta

go away otići

go down sići

Ići dole (cene)

potonuti

Zaći (sunce)

go for Navaliti, napasti

go off eksplodirati

Iskliznuti, opaliti

Ugasiti se

go on nastaviti

go out izaći

štrajkovati

go over pregledati

go past proći

go round Posetiti neformalno

go through pregledati

probiti

prepatiti

go up Rasti (cene)

Skočiti, eksplodirati

go with Slagati se sa, ići sa



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keep

keep away Držati se podalje

keep back Zadržavati, povući

keep down Držati u potčinjenosti, primati, spustiti

keep off Izbegavati (temu)

Držati se podalje

keep on nastaviti

keep up Nastaviti

keep up with Ići u korak sa

look

look after Brinuti o nekomelook down on Gledati nekoga sa visine

look for tražiti

look forward to Radovati se

look into Istraživati (zločin), ispitati

look on Gledati

Osmatrati, smatrati

look out Pazi, budi pažljiv

look over pregledati

look through gledati kroz

Ispitivati sadržaj nečega

look up Navratiti, potražiti

look up to ugledati se na



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put

put across Izdejstvovati, rastumačiti

put back Vratiti na mesto

Sačuvati novac za budućnost

Vratiti sat unazad

put by uštedeti

put down Deponovati

Kladiti se

Zabeležiti, kritikovati, spustiti

put down to Dati razlog, pripisati

put forward Izneti

Predložiti, pogurati

put in for Biti kandidat na izborima

put on izigravati

zadirkivati

Dobiti (težinu)

put off odložiti

put out Ugasiti, ispružiti, uznemiriti

put through Dati vezu, obezbediti, sprovesti

put up graditi

Dići (ruku)

trpeti

Nuditi na prodaju

put up with Tolerisati, prihvatiti



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make

make for dosegnuti

make off Pobeći, uputiti se

make out Prepoznati,protumačiti, imati uspeha

make up nadograditi

izgladiti

izmisliti

Našminkati se

make up for nadoknaditi

Ponovo dobiti (vreme)

set

set aside Staviti na stranu, ukinuti

set back Osujetiti, pomeriti unazad

set down Položiti, sleteti, spustiti

set off Aktivirati, istaći, odvojiti

krenuti

set up Osnovati, zakazati, prevariti


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run

run after juriti

run away pobeći

run down Iznuriti, isprazniti se, nipodaštavati

Rezimirati, trčati niz

run in Natrčati, utrčati, naleteti na nekoga

run into Naleteti na nekoga, utrčati, natrčati

run off pobeći

run out istrčati

isteći

run out of Ostati bez, iscrpiti

run over Otrčati

protrčati

pogaziti

run up against Naići na teškoće



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take

take after Slediti nekoga kao primer

Ličiti na

take down Skinuti, rasklopiti, sneti, stenografisatitake in Razumeti (značenje)

Prevariti, suziti (odeća)

take off Skinuti (sa sebe)

uzleteti

take to Odati se, navići se

take up Nastaviti, sprijateljiti se

Latiti se, oduzeti, razmotriti

take up with Udružiti se

turn

turn down odbiti

Utišati, presaviti

turn in Podneti, prijaviti

turn off ugasiti

turn on upaliti

turn out Ispasti (dobro ili loše), ugasiti

turn over Izvrnuti, prevrnuti se

turn up pojačati

Pojaviti se



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Blow – duvati blew blown

Break – polomiti broke broken

Breed – gajiti,pariti bred bredBring – doneti brought brought

Broadcast – širiti broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted

Build – graditi built built

Burn – goreti burnt, burned burnt, burned

Burst – puknuti burst burst

Bust – grudi, prsa bust, busted bust, bustedBuy – kupiti bought bought

Can – moći could (kein Participle)

Cast – baciti,odbaciti cast cast

Catch – uhvatiti caught caught

Choose – izabrati chose chosen

Cleave – rascepiti cleft, cleaved, clove cleft, cleaved, clovenCling – prilepiti se clung clung

Clothe – odenuti se clothed, clad clothed, clad

Come – doći came come

Cost – koštati cost cost

Creep - puziti crept crept

Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle

List of Irregular Verbs – Lista nepravilnih glagola


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Forbid – zabraniti forbad, forbade forbid, forbidden

Forecast – predvidjati forecast, forecasted forecast, forecasted

Forget – zaboraviti forgot forgotten

Forsake – napustiti forsook forsaken

Freeze – smrznuti (se) froze frozen

Geld - uštrojiti gelded, gelt gelded, gelt

Get – dobiti got got, gotten

Gild - pozlatiti gilded, gilt gilded, gilt

Give – dati gave given

Gnaw – gristi gnawed gnawed, gnawn

Go – ići went gone

Grind – mleti, treti se ground ground

Grip – ščepati, stegnuti gripped, gript gripped, gript

Grow – rasti grew grown

Hang – obesiti, visiti hung hung

Have – imati had had

Hear – čuti heard heard

Heave – izvlačiti, dizati teret heaved, hove heaved, hove

Hew – cepati, seći hewed hewed, hewn



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Hide - sakriti hid hidden, hid

Hit – udariti hit hit

Hold – držati, zagrliti held held

Hurt – povrediiti hurt hurt

Keep – čuvati kept kept

Kneel – klečati knelt, kneeled knelt, kneeled

Knit – plesti knitted, knit knitted, knit

Know – znati knew known

Lay – leći laid laid

Lead – voditi led led

Lean – nagnuti se leant, leaned leant, leaned

Leap – skočiti,preskočiti leapt, leaped leapt, leaped

Learn – učiti learnt, learned learnt, learned

Leave – otići, napustiti left left

Lend – pozajmiti lent lent

Let – dopustiti, dozvoliti let let

Lie – ležati,položiti lay lain

Light – svetleti, zapaliti lit, lighted lit, lighted


Li f I l V b Li il ih l l


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Lose – izgubiti lost lost

Make – napraviti made made

May – moći, smeti might -

Mean – značiti, misliti meant meant

Meet – sresti, upoznati met met

Melt – topiti se melted molten, melted

Mow – kositi mowed mown, mowed

Pay – platiti paid paid

Pen – zatvoriti u tor pent, penned pent, penned

Plead – braniti, zastupati pled, pleaded pled, pleaded

Prove – dokazati proved proven, proved

Put – staviti put put

Quit – odutati quit, quitted quit, quitted

Read – čitati read readRid – otarasiti se rid, ridded rid, ridded

Ride – jahati rode ridden

Ring – zvoniti rang rung

Rise – dići se, peti se rose risen

Run - trčati ran run


Li t f I l V b Li t il ih l l


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Saw – testerisati sawed sawn, sawed

Say – reći, kazati said said

See – videti saw seen

Seek . Tragati, tražiti sought sought

Sell – prodati sold sold

Send – poslati sent sent

Set – namestiti, postaviti set set

Sew – šiti sewed sewn, sewed

Shake – tresti, umutiti shook shaken

Shall - ću should -

Shear – pokositi, ošišati sheared shorn, sheared

Shed – izdati, opadati,hangar shed shed

Shine – sijati se shone shone

Shit shit, shitted, shat shit, shitted, shat

Shoe – obuti, cipela shod, shoed shod, shoed

Shoot – ustreliti, pogoditi shot shot

Show – pokazati showed shown, showed

Shred – raspadati se,dronjak shred, shredded shred, shredded

Shrink – izbegavati,skupiti se shrank, shrunk shrunk




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Shut – zatvoriti shut shut

Sing – pevati sang sung

Sink – potonuti sank sunk

Sit – sesti sat sat

Slay – prebiti, ubiti slew slain

Sleep – spavati slept slept

Slide – okliznuti se, izmaći slid slid

Sling – baciti, izbaciti, prebaciti slung slungSlink – prikradati se slunk slunk

Slit – seći u dužinu, otvor slit slit

Smell – mirisati smelt, smelled smelt, smelled

Smite – poraziti smote smitten

Sow – posejati, posuti sowed sown, sowed

Speak – govoriti spoke spoken

Speed – žuriti, brzina sped, speeded sped, speeded

Spell – izgovarati, madjija spelt, spelled spelt, spelled

Spend – provesti spent spent

Spill - prosuti spilt, spilled spilt, spilled




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Spin – okretati, vrteti spun spun

Spit – pljunuti, prskati spat spat

Split – podeliti split split

Spoil – razmaziti, kvariti spoilt, spoiled spoilt, spoiled

Spread – raširiti se spread spread

Spring – skočiti, proleće sprang, sprung sprung

Stand – stajati stood stood

Steal – ukrasti stole stolenStick – gurnuti, probosti stuck stuck

Sting – opeći, ubosti, žaoka stung stung

Stink – zaudarati, smrdeti stank, stunk stunk

Stride – krupno koračati,korak strode stridden

Strike – izbaciti, štrajkovati struck struck

String – snabdeti žicom,žica strung strung

Strive – boriti se, nastojati strove striven

Swear – zaklet swore sworn

Sweat – znojiti se, znoj sweat, sweated sweat, sweated

Sweep – zamahnuti, zamah swept swept




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Swell - naduti se swelled swollen, swelled

Swim – plivati swam swum

Swing – ljuljati se swung swung

Take – uzeti took taken

Teach – podučavati taught taught

Tear – rascepiti, suza tore torn

Telecast – prenositi telecast, telecasted telecast, telecasted

Tell – reći, kazati told told

Think – misliti thought thought

Throw – baciti threw thrown

Thrust – gurati, tiskati thrust thrust

Tread – gaziti, ići korak trod trodden

Understand – razumeti understood understood

Wake – buditi, bdeti woke, waked woken, waked

Wear – nositi wore worn

Weave – tkati wove woven

Wed – venčati se wed, wedded wed, wedded

Weep – plakati wept wept

Wet – nakvasiti, vlažan wet, wetted wet, wetted


List of Irregular Verbs Lista nepravilnih glagola


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Win – pobediti, osvojiti won won

Wind – duvati, vetar wound wound

Wring – stezati, cediti wrung wrung

Write - pisati wrote written




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Listening skil ls are an essential part of anylanguage. There are several things one can dofor English l istening practice. One of the mostcommon ways to do this is to watch movies.Whether they are dubbed in your nativelanguage or not, it is useful to hear the naturalspeed in which native Engl ish speakers speak.Your English lis tening will improve in no time

with this method.

In addi tion, there are many sites you can findaround the Internet to help. Segments for f reelistening English can easily be found onYouTube or any other video si te, such ashttp://video.about.com./

Lesson 1Lesson 2Lesson 3Lesson 4Lesson 5Lesson 6Lesson 7Lesson 8

Lesson 9Lesson 10Lesson 11Lesson 12Lesson 13Lesson 14Lesson 15

Šale

AUDIO LESSONS

Pre-intermediate & Intermediate Level Klikni na lekciju


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- Hi, I haven’t seen you for a few weeks. Have you moved toa different department?- No, I haven’t, but our department has moved to a di fferent

part of the building. We used to be on the second floor, butnow we are on the third floor.- What is your new office like?- It’s bigger than the last one, but that is because ourdepartment has expanded.

Situation: Two colleagues, Amanda and Sam, meet in the corridor at work.

She tells Sam about her new office.Style: friendly and quite informal. .Notes:1.I haven’t seen you for a few weeks = it is a few weeks since I last saw you2.a different department = a different section of the company3.I haven’t, ( using only the auxiliary verb) = I have not moved to a newdepartment4.We used to be = In the past we were5.on the second floor = located on the 2nd level of the building. ( n o t e : ‘Theground floor’ is at the same level as the ground, in other words, the samelevel as the street. ‘The first floor’ is up one level of stairs, and ‘The secondfloor’ is up 2 levels of stairs. Be careful because in many countries thesystem is different, so ‘The first floor’ is at ground level!)6.on the third floor = located on the 3rd level of the building.7.What is your new office like? = Please describe your new office8.the last one = the last office / the office that I was in before9.has expanded. (more formal) = has grown / has got bigger (informal)




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- Which part of the third floor is your new office on?- It’s quite near the lift. Coming out of the lift, you need to turnright, then go to the end of the corridor. It’s the last door on

the left.- So you have a lot of natural light there, don’t you? I thinkthat is the office with the huge windows.- Yes, that’s right.

Situation: Amanda tells Sam where her office is, and how to get there.Style: general. .Notes:1.Which part of the third floor is you new office on? = On which part of the 3rdfloor is your new office? (much more formal)2.quite near = fairly close to3.the lift (British English) = the elevator (American English)4.Coming out of (phrasal verb) the lift, = When you come out of the li ft, /When you leave the lift

5.to turn right = to turn in a right hand direction6.So you have a lot of natural light there, don’t you? ( n o t e : a negativequestion tag (...don’t you?) expects a positive answer and is therefore oftenused as a way of checking or confirming information.) = So, I believe youhave a lot of natural light in there7.natural light = daylight / light from the sun8.huge = very big / enormous9.that’s right. = you are correct (much more formal)

Pre intermediate & Intermediate Level Klikni na lekciju



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- How many people are there in your department?- There were five people until a couple of months ago, butsince then four new ones have joined, so in total there are

nine of us.- What are the new people like?- They are nice – except for one of them, who is quite bad-tempered.

Situation: Sam asks Amanda about the colleagues who work in herdepartment.Style: general. .Notes:1.How many people are there in your department? = How many people workin the same department as you?2.a couple of months = two months3.since then = since that time

4.four new ones = four new people5.four new ones have joined = four new people have entered the department6.in total = altogether7.there are nine of us = there are nine people in our group8.What are the new people like? = Please describe the new people9.except for = apart from10.bad-tempered = unpleasant / sometimes angry

Pre intermediate & Intermediate Level Klikni na lekciju



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- If you were to believe what we see on the TV and in thenewspapers you would think that crime was worse than ever.- Yes, well, people’s perception of crime is often much worse

than the reality. Fear of crime is often heightened by what wesee and read in the papers, but as I said crime rates areactually falling!- What about fraud? Surely that must be rising?- Well according to the figures, even fraud and forgery aredown but I’m not sure if that includes online fraud.

Notes:•If you were to believe = If you accepted as correct (more formal)•perception of = image of•heightened by = accentuated by / made worse by•crime rates are actually falling = levels of crime are at this moment gettinglower•fraud = obtaining money by deception (e.g. making people believe that theyare buying a product, then accepting payment but not providing a product.)•Surely that must be rising? = Surely that must be becoming more frequent?•according to the figures (more formal) = The statistics say that•forgery = falsification (of documents and products)•are down (phrasal verb) = have been reduced•online fraud = fraud that is committed on the internet

Pre intermediate & Intermediate Level j



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- There is usually a cause and effect between high joblessnessand rising crime levels but in th is recession this link seems tohave been broken.- So, we can all feel a li ttle bit safer walking the streets?- Well, according to the statistics, offences are down in allareas.- How about violent crime?- That’s down by six percent (6%). Apparently, there were sixhundred and fifteen murders in England and Wales, which isthe lowest figure for 12 years. Although, that said, it’s sti ll fif ty

percent higher than it was in the nineteen sixties.

Notes:•a cause and effect between (more formal) = a causal connection between•high joblessness = high levels of unemployment•rising crime levels = increasing amounts of recorded crime•recession = economic downturn•link = connection•according to = as stated by•the statistics = figures (collected by an official body)•offences = crimes•are down (phrasal verb) in all areas = are reduced in all areas•murders = deliberate, premeditated killings•the lowest figure = the lowest amount•Although, that said = But, having said that

Pre intermediate & Intermediate Level j

Pre-intermediate & Intermediate Level


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- The government has justreleased the crime figuresfor the last year and on thesurface, it appears to begood news.- What? So, you’re tellingme crime levels havedropped?- Well, look at this headlinein the paper. It says “ Bigdrop in cr ime as recessionoutlaws fail to materialise”.It seems that thegovernment was expectingthe economic downturnwould br ing a crime wavewith it as more and more

people becameunemployed.- It’s nice to see that thegovernment has so littlefaith in its people that itthinks that bad times wouldturn us all into law breakersovernight!

Notes:•just released = recently published (more formal)•the crime figures = the statistics relating to the levels of crimethat has been committed (more formal)•on the surface (idiom) = at first appearance / when you first lookat it•crime levels have dropped = the amount of crime committed hasfallen•headline = leading phrase (in a newspaper which is normallyhighlighted in bold black letters)•in the paper = in the newspaper•“Big drop in crime as recession outlaws fail to materialise” =

large reduction in crime as the expected appearance of newcriminals provoked by the recession does not happen•recession = economic downturn where negative national growthis recorded•outlaws = criminals / people who break the law•fail to materialise (more formal) = do not appear•the economic downturn = recession•would bring a crime wave with it = would provoke a crime wave

•a crime wave (idiom) = a sudden explosion of crime•unemployed = jobless•It’s nice to see that the government has so little faith in itspeople (here the speaker is using sarcasm) = It is unpleasant tosee that the government trusts its people so little•law breakers = criminals•overnight = very quickly / suddenly

Klikni na lekciju



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Student: You wanted to see me? Advisor : That's right. We need to have a serious talk.

Student: About what? Advisor : Your attendance--or rather, lack of it.Student: OK, so I've ditched class a few times . . .

Advisor : A few times? I've been told you've missed six out of eighttimes in two different classes! That's really setting yourself up tofail.Student: Oh, come on. Those classes are really boring!

Advisor : But they're also required, so that doesn't matter. You'reabout to be in big trouble.Student: What's the big deal about missing some classes?

Advisor : The big deal is that you're here on a student visa.Student: So?

Advisor : So if you don't attend class regularly, you won't be a full-time student--which your visa requires. You'll be out of status.

Student: What are you gonna do? Turn me in to the ImmigrationPolice? Advisor : Oh, of course I'll have to report you if you continuemissing your class, but I'm going to do something else first.Student: Like what?

Advisor : Like faxing your father.

A VISIT TO THE ADVISOR



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Anna: Hi Masahiro! How's it going?Masahiro: Fine, I guess. How about you?

Anna: Busy. Guess who's coming our way?Will: Hi guys! What's up?

Anna: Nothing much. We just ran into each other.Will: That's nice. So Masahiro, how's the coffee maker working?Masahiro: Actually, it doesn't work well. It was a waste of money.I guess I should have shopped around for a good one.

Anna: Why don't you take it back?

Masahiro: I'd like to, but I've misplaced the receipt.Will: Well, if it's any consolation, my shopping wasn't all that greateither. I wish I'd never bought Stephanie a necklace. Just lastnight she was telling me how she wished she had Liz Taylor's newperfume.

Anna: That makes three displeased shoppers. Guess what? Thecamera I bought and shipped to Mike just this morning is now on

sale! It's a pity that I bought it then. Then again, I guess I shouldn'tcomplain. It was a good buy, even though I didn't get the best dealon it. Anyway, Masahiro, I suggest you look for that receipt and

just go to the Complaints Department and say "I'd like to exchangethis, please." It's as simple as that. And Will, it's not too late foryou to ask for a refund.

Shopping in America



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Store Clerk: Hi. Welcome to Angie's. Can I help you f ind something or are you just looking?

Marianne: I'm not sure. Aren't you having a sale right now?

Store Clerk: Everything on these two racks over here is on sale.

Marianne: Thanks. Oooo. This sweater is nice. But it looks a l ittle big. Do you have this in a smaller size?

Store Clerk: I think so. Let me look. Oh, here's one. Would you like to use the fitting room to try it on?

Marianne: Sure. Thanks.

...a little later...

Store Clerk: How did it fit?

Marianne: Not too bad. I think I'll take it.

Store Clerk: Great. (She takes it off the hanger) How would you like to pay?

Marianne: Well, I'm almost maxed out on my credit card, so I think I'l l pay with a check.

Store Clerk: Okay, with tax it comes to $24.93.*

Marianne: Who should I make the check out to?

Store Clerk: Angie's.

Marianne: Here you are.

Store Clerk: Can I see some I.D. too, please?

Marianne: Sure, here is my driver's license.

Store Clerk: Thanks. Here you go. Enjoy your sweater. And have a nice day.

Marianne: Thanks. You too.* You pronounce this - twenty-four dollars and ninety-three cents, OR you can say twenty-four ninety-three ifeveryone already knows you are talking about money.

are you just looking? = do you wantto look alone?to have a sale = a store will havemany things at a discount (The store ishaving a sale.)to be on sale = one or more items ata discount (This shirt is on sale.)hanger = holds the clothes (a pictureof it is on the left)rack = a metal (or other kind) bar thatholds clothes. You put your clothes ona hanger and then put the hanger on a

rack.fitting room = the place where you tryon clothesmax out a credit card = (this is slang)It means you have reached your limit.If you cannot spend more money onyour credit card, you have maxed itout.how would you like to pay? = do youwant to pay with cash, a credit card, ora check?how does it fit? = is it a good size foryou?I'll take it = I'll buy itwho shou ld I make the check outto? = what name should I write on thecheck?tax = the extra money a store charges.It goes to the government.I.D. = identification (card)

Klikni na lekcijuPre-intermediate & Intermediate Level


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Sarah: Hey Lisa, wait up! I've wanted to have a chance to talk to you.

Lisa: Hi! What's up?

Sarah: This weekend I'm having a birthday party for Ted. I'd like you to come.

Lisa: I'd love to. When is it?

Sarah: We're having it this Saturday at 8:00 at my house. We're going toorder a pizza and play some games. Then whoever wants to stay longer can

hang out and watch a video.

Lisa: It sounds like a lot of fun. But now that I think about it, I promised Iwould do something with Nathan Saturday night.

Sarah: Well why don't you bring him along? It would be fun. Ted would reallylike that. I'm sure.

Lisa: Really? That would be great. Okay, I'll ask Nathan to come along.*What can I bring?

Sarah: Nothing. Just bring yourselves. No presents are necessary andeverything else has been planned.

*It is polite to offer to bring something to a party.

wait up- wait, wait for mewhat's up- what ishappening? what do youwant to talk about?hang out (slang)- be withfriends doing nothingspecialbring (someone) along-invite someone, havesomeone join youcome along- follow, joinyou

The Birthday Party



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Diana: It's a gorgeous day today! What do you say we take a picnic and godown to the park?

Doug: Sounds great! Should we pack some sandwiches or pick upsomething along the way?

Diana: Why don't we stop and get some fried chicken at KFC and headdown to Murray Park? Let's bring a few games, too.

Doug: Okay, I'll get the Frisbee and a softball so we can toss them around.And... what do you think? Should we bring the dog?

Diana: Definitely. He'll love it down there.

Doug: I'll get his leash and dog dish. I'm grabbing a tablecloth, too, so wedon't have to eat on a dirty picnic table.

Diana: Good idea. I'll bring some napkins. I always get so dirty when I eatfried chicken.

Doug: Wait a minute...

Diana: What is it?

Doug: Did you hear that? I heard thunder. A storm is coming.

Diana: Oh no, you've got to be kidding...

gorgeous- beautifulWhat do you say...- (slang) What doyou think about...to pack- make and taketo pick something up- buyto head down- to go toto toss around- to throwleash- a rope or chain for holding ananimaldog dish- plate for dogs to eat out ofto grab- to get quickly, to take

suddenlytablecloth- fabric or material we puton a table to keep it cleanthunder - loud noise in the sky whena storm comes. The light in the sky iscalled lightning. You can see apicture below.You've got to be kidding- It's hardto believe. Something you say whenyou are surprised.

The Weather's Great!



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Ms. Ballard: I see on your resume that you worked as a manager at Computer Country. Couldyou tell me a little more about your responsibilities there?

Carey Cornwall: Sure. I was responsible for overseeing about 30 employees, I did all of the

ordering for the store, and I kept track of the inventory.

Ms. Ballard: What was the most difficult part of your job?

Carey Cornwall: Probably handling angry customers. We didn't have them very often, but whenwe did, I needed to make sure they were well taken care of. After all, the customer is alwaysright.

Ms. Ballard: That's how we feel here, too. How long did you work there?

Carey Cornwall: I was there for 3 1/2 years. I left the company last month.Ms. Ballard: And why did you leave?

Casey Cornwall: My husband has been transferred to Emoryville and I understand yourcompany has an opening there, too.

Ms. Ballard: Yes, that's right, we do. But the position won't start until the middle of next month.Would that be a problem for you?

Carey Cornwall: No, not at all. My husband's new job doesn't begin for a few weeks, so we

thought we would spend some time driving to Emoryville and stop to see my parents.

Ms. Ballard: That sounds nice. So tell me, why are you interested in this particular position?

Carey Cornwall: I know that your company has a great reputation and a wonderful product. Ihave thought many times that I would like to be a part of it. When I heard about the opening inEmoryville, I jumped on the opportunity.

Ms. Ballard: Well, I'm glad you did. Now, please tell me about...

resume- a summary of aperson's work andeducationresponsibilities- thingsthat must be doneto oversee- to be the bossof, to make sure somethingis done, to superviseto keep track of - to beaware of or noticesomethinginventory- the number ofitems a store hasto handle- to take care of,to deal withto be t ransferred- to bemoved from one place toanother

an opening- an available joba position- a jobreputation- how otherpeople feel aboutsomething, the opinion ofother peopleto jump on something- todo something immediately

The Job Interview

Advanced Level Klikni na lekciju


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- Hi Sarah, I’m glad I’ve bumped into you because I really needto have a word with you about Mr Simpson, the fellow that’s

recently been taken on to re-organize the PR department.- Oh, yes. How are you getting on with him?- Well, I don’t really li ke having to say it and believe me it’snothing personal but I just don’t think he’s up to the job. To befrank, I think he’s way out of his depth and as you knowyourself from experience, running the PR department is a tallorder even for someone with years of experience in the field -but restructur ing one is a different ball game altogether.- Do you not think that you’re being just a little bit hasty in

judging him? Because after all he’s only just sett ling in. Hehasn’t had time to find his feet yet, has he? - I suppose not.- I’m of the opinion that we give him a little bit longer to seehow he shapes up before we jump to any conclusions, youknow, give him a chance to prove himself.- Um, well, maybe you’re right. Let’s give it a week or two and

then re-convene.

Objašnjenje se nalazi na sledećoj strani

Advanced Level


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Notes:•I’m glad that I’ve bumped into you (phrasal verb: to bump into someone = to meetsomeone by chance or without prior arrangement) = I’m happy to have met you bychance•I really need to have a word with you about (idiom) = I really want to speak to youabout•the fellow = the man•that’s recently been taken on (phrasal verb: to take somebody on = to employ orcontract someone) to re-organize the PR department = that has recently beenemployed to rearrange the Public Relations department•How are you getting on with (phrasal verb: to get on with somebody = to have agood social or working relationship with someone) him? = Are you having a good or abad working relationship with him?•it’s nothing personal (idiom) = I don’t dislike him on a personal basis•I just don’t think he’s up to (phrasal verb: to be up to something = to be capable ofdoing something) the job = I don’t believe that he is capable of doing his job

•To be frank = Speaking honestly / to be honest•he’s way out of his depth (idiom: to be out of your depth = to be in a situation thatyou cannot cope with) = he’s doing a job that is far too complicated for him•running the PR department = managing the Public Relations department•a tall order (idiom) = an extremely difficult task that may be difficult to complete orperform•in the field (idiom) = in that line of work•a different ball game (idiom) altogether = a completely different situation / task•you’re being a little bit hasty in judging him = you are judging him too soon•he’s only just settling in (phrasal verb: to settle in = to become used to a situationor position) = he’s only just getting used to the job•He hasn’t had time to find his feet yet (idiom: to find your feet = to adapt to asituation or position) = He hasn’t had time to adapt to the job yet•to see how he shapes up (phrasal verb: to shape up = to develop or improve performance) = to see how well he improves after getting used to the job•to prove himself = to show that he is good enough / to show that he is up to(phrasal verb) the job•before we jump to any conclusions (idiom) = before we judge too quickly andwithout the sufficient evidence•re-convene (more formal) = meet again / get together (phrasal verb) again



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- Oh, John remember you had a quiet word in my ear theother week about Mr Simpson’s performance? How’s hegetting on?- Oh, yes. Well, I’m sorry to tell you noth ing has changed - infact I’d even say that the situation’s deteriorated since we lastspoke.- So, I take it that you’re stil l unimpressed with hisperformance, then? - I’m afraid so!- You two really haven’t hit it off, have you?- No, it’s not that. We get on fine. As I said the other day, it’s

not a clash of personalit ies. I like the man but I think he’sstruggling and not coping well with the pressures.- What about the other people working under him? Have youmade enquiries as to their opinions? Maybe that would be awise move in this s ituation?- As far as I know, the others in the department are all havingdifficul ties with the changes that he seems hell bent on

implementing. The department was running like clockworkbefore he came along. If it’s not broken don’ t fix it, I say.


Advanced Level


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Notes:1. you had a quiet word in my ear about (idiom) = you spoke to mediscreetly about (more formal)2. about Mr Simpson’s performance (more formal) = about how well Mr

Simpson was doing3. You two really haven’t hit it off (phrasal verb: to hit it off with someone = toget on well with someone) = You two really haven’t started your relationshipvery harmoniously4. We get on (phrasal verb) fine = we have a good relationship5. a clash of personalities = a situation in which the difference between twopeoples’ personalities causes friction and discord6. he’s struggling and not coping well with the pressures = he’s having

problems and not dealing well with the demands of the job7. the other people working under him = the other people that he ismanaging8. have you made enquiries as to their opinions? (more formal) = have youasked them what they think?9. a wise move = a good course of action10. As far as I know = To the best of my knowledge (more formal)11. the department = the section within the company

12. the changes that he seems hell bent on (idiom) implementing = thechanges that he appears to be very determined to make13. running like clockwork (idiom) = functioning perfectly14. before he came along (phrasal verb) = before he appeared15. If it’s not broken don’t fix it (idiom) = If there is not a problem, don’t try tomake any changes



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- One thing that you shouldn’ t forget is that Simpson cameto this company with g lowing references and a CV thatspoke volumes about his management abil ities. He was

actively head hunted by our company and the ManagingDirector reckons we were lucky to get him.- Yes, I’m aware of his past record at Johnson’s Ltd.- Apparently, he was instrumental in turn ing the companyround and he’s spoken of there very highly, so he musthave been doing something right. He’s got a realreputation as a business trouble shooter.

- I’m not disputing the man’s abilities and I know all abouthis reputation but it's my view that his management styleis just totally unsuited to this company.- I know what you mean to an extent - he can be a bitbrusque and overbearing at times but I’m afraid to say thatthat’s just something you’ll just have to get used to andtry not to take it personally. His remit is to re-shape the

department so he’s bound to tread on a few toes whilstdoing so.


Advanced Level


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Notes:1. glowing references = very good recommendations from previous employers2. a CV that spoke volumes about his management abilities = a Curriculum Vitae that showed thathe had a lot of experience in management and praised his management abilities highly3. He was actively head hunted (idiom) by our company = Our company deliberately sought himout (phrasal verb: to seek someone out = to deliberately find someone, perhaps with effort) in

order to offer him a job4. reckons = thinks5. his past record at Johnson’s Ltd = his past performance at Johnson’s Ltd6. Apparently = By all accounts / Judging from what people have said / I have heard that7. he was instrumental in = he played an important role in8. turning the company round (phrasal verb: to turn something around = to take something thatwas failing and make it succeed ) = changing the economic fortunes of the company from bad togood9. he’s spoken of there very highly = the people there have a lot of respect for him10. He’s got a real reputation as = He is known by many as11. a business trouble shooter (idiom) = a person who looks at the problems of a business and

gives recommendations that might help to resolve these problems12. I’m not disputing the man’s abilities (more formal) = I’m not saying that the man does not knowwhat he is doing13. is just totally unsuited to this company (more formal) = is simply not right for this company14. I know what you mean to an extent = I agree partially with what you are saying15. brusque = rude and harsh (in manner of speaking)16. overbearing = dominating / bossy17. to get used to = to become accustomed to (more formal)18. try not to take it personally (Idiom: to take something personally = to be upset or offended bythe way another person has behaved towards you) = try not to be too sensitive and try not to get

upset about it19. His remit is = The task that he has been given is20. to re-shape the department = to make structural changes within that particular part of thecompany21. he’s bound to tread on a few toes (idiom: to tread on someone’s toes = to offend or upsetsomeone, especially by making changes in a situation where that person has some control or has

their own way of doing things.) = it would be impossible for him to avoid upsetting a few people22. whilst doing so = in the process

Jokes from Nasreddin Hodja – Šale od Nasreddin Hodja – za naprednije


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An easy Birth Method - A woman was giving a difficult birth to a child in avillage. As her relatives were waiting for many hours, they decided to callNasreddin Hodja. He came, listened to their story and went away.He returned in a few moments with a toy that made a squeaking sound.

They asked him why and he said: “Because the child will hear the “voice” ofthe toy and will very quickly come out to play.�

Documents

TALKING BOOK Advanced 1 Stampana Knjiga