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The Beginning of the French Revolution. PHASE ONE: From Estates-General to National Assembly. Causes of Revolution. Enlightenment ideas American Revolution Old Regime Privileges of 1st & 2nd estate Burdens of the 3 rd estate Financial crisis – impending bankruptcy…. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Beginning of the French Revolution
PHASE ONE:From Estates-General to National Assembly
• Enlightenment ideas• American Revolution• Old Regime• Privileges of 1st & 2nd estate• Burdens of the 3rd estate• Financial crisis – impending
bankruptcy…
Causes of Revolution
Any thoughts on how France found itself on the brink of bankruptcy?
• Extravagance (Versailles)• Debt from wars• Aided American
Revolution• Banks refuse to
lend money • Crop Failure
French Financial Crisis
• France Needed Money!!!!• Louis XVI called
The Estates General - hoping to agree on new taxes to be applied to the First & Second Estates
French Financial Crisis
• Had not met since 1614
• Delegates of the 3rd Estate wanted a joint meeting of all Estates with each delegate voting as an individual
• King refused – locked out 3rd Estate!
Estates-General 1789
•3rd Estate delegates met on an indoor tennis court & created the National Assembly…
National Assembly & Tennis Court Oath
• Took the Tennis Court Oath - promised not to disband until they had written a constitution for France
• First deliberate act of the revolution!!
National Assembly & Tennis Court Oath
Why was the creation of the National Assembly considered an act of revolution?
• King ordered other estates to join the National Assembly, BUT called for troops in Paris
• Debates raged in streets, sometimes violent
Call to Revolt
Call to Revolt• Rebellion grew • King gathered more
troops• Paris citizens became
fearful that the King would dissolve the National Assembly & halt reforms so they took action…
Storming the
Bastille
• Bastille (Paris prison); symbolized injustices of the monarchy
• Huge mob surrounded Bastille & attempted to steal weapons to defend the National Assembly
• Forced way into prison; freed prisoners
• Soldiers opened fire
• 98 rioters killed • Rioters took over
prison
Storming the Bastille
Liberated prisoners parading later in the day
• After Bastille, wave of violence swept France
• Rumors that nobles hired robbers to kill peasants & take property
The Great Fear
• Peasants react; arm themselves
• Swear to never pay feudal dues again
• Drive off landlords & destroyed records
• The First Wave of the French Revolution had struck!
The Great Fear