The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape

© © Teamcast - 2008Teamcast - 2008

The evolutions of the The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast LandscapeDigital Broadcast Landscape

Gerard FARIA Gerard FARIA ([email protected])([email protected])

13th October 200813th October 2008 112008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape


... A lot of suitors !... A lot of suitors !


S-DMBS-DMB(T-DMB)(T-DMB)

DVB-HDVB-H(DVB-T)(DVB-T)

ISDB-TISDB-T(OneSeg)(OneSeg)

UMTSUMTSMBMS / HSDPAMBMS / HSDPA

GSMGSM(GPRS)(GPRS)

MediaFLOMediaFLO(Qualcomm)(Qualcomm)

Above Above 1 GHz1 GHz

Below Below 1 GHz1 GHz

DMB-TDMB-T(GB20600-2006)(GB20600-2006)

T-DMBT-DMB(S-DMB)(S-DMB)

DVB-SHDVB-SH(DVB-H)(DVB-H)

CMMBCMMB(sTiMi)(sTiMi)

ATSC M/HATSC M/H(ATSC)(ATSC)

200420042005200520062006200720072003200320082008

© © Teamcast - 2008Teamcast - 2008 2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape 3313th October 200813th October 2008

““Multimedia Contents to Nomadic Terminals” Multimedia Contents to Nomadic Terminals”

Plethora of Standards but…Plethora of Standards but…

(quasi-)all are using COFDM ! (quasi-)all are using COFDM !



Transmission: COFDM is everywhere!Transmission: COFDM is everywhere!


GuardGuardIntervalInterval

UsefulUsefulPeriodPeriod

OFDM symbolOFDM symbolOrthogonalOrthogonalCarrierCarrierSpacingSpacing

TimeTime

frequ

ency

frequ

ency

With OFDM,With OFDM,Bitrate isBitrate is

INDEPENDENTINDEPENDENTOf the s/c numberOf the s/c number

2K2K4K4K8K8K

DABDAB DVBDVB ISDBISDB FLOFLO CDMBCDMB CMMBCMMB1,5 MHz1,5 MHz 5/6/7/8 5/6/7/8

MHzMHz6/7/8 6/7/8 MHzMHz

6/7/8 6/7/8 MHZMHZ

6/7/8 6/7/8 MHzMHz 2/8 MHz2/8 MHz

8K8K 8K8K SCSC4K4K 4K4K 4K4K 4K4K 4K4K

2K2K 2K2K 2K2K1K1K 1K1K512512256256


SSS options (1/3): Frame PreambleSSS options (1/3): Frame Preamble


Frame Preamble :Frame Preamble :for Synchronisation & Signallingfor Synchronisation & Signalling with Null Symbol :with Null Symbol : DAB/T-DMB, DAB/T-DMB, for Synchronisation & Signallingfor Synchronisation & Signalling without Null Symbol :without Null Symbol : FLO (TDM pilots), … DVB-T2 !FLO (TDM pilots), … DVB-T2 !

NullNullSymbolSymbol

SignallingSignallingSymbol(s)Symbol(s)

SyncSyncSymbolSymbol

TimeTime

frequ

ency

frequ

ency

DABDABD-QPSKD-QPSK

Preamble Data Payload


SSS options (2/3): PilotsSSS options (2/3): Pilots


Pilots spread in Frame :Pilots spread in Frame :for Synchronisation, Channel Estimation & Signalling : for Synchronisation, Channel Estimation & Signalling : DVB-H, ISDB-T, CMMB, … DVB-T2 ! DVB-H, ISDB-T, CMMB, … DVB-T2 ! for Synchronisation, Channel Estimation :for Synchronisation, Channel Estimation : FLO (FDM Pilots), … DVB-T2 !FLO (FDM Pilots), … DVB-T2 !for Signalling : for Signalling : CDMB or DTMB or DMB-TH, CDMB or DTMB or DMB-TH,



OFDM symbolOFDM symbolFFTFFT

windowwindow

TimeTime

frequ

ency

frequ

ency

DVBDVB ISDBISDB FLOFLO CMMBCMMBD-QPSKD-QPSK BPSKBPSK

QPSKQPSK QPSKQPSK QPSKQPSK QPSKQPSK16QAM16QAM 16QAM16QAM 16QAM16QAM 16QAM16QAM

64QAM64QAM 64QAM64QAM


SSS options (3/3): Symbol Preamble (SSS options (3/3): Symbol Preamble (TDS-OFDMTDS-OFDM))




OFDM symbolOFDM symbol

TimeTime

frequ

ency

frequ

ency

PNPN FFTFFTwindowwindow

CDMBCDMB4QAM-NR4QAM-NR

4QAM4QAM16QAM16QAM32QAM32QAM64QAM64QAM

PN sequences as OFDM symbol preamble (instead of the classical Cyclic Prefix):PN sequences as OFDM symbol preamble (instead of the classical Cyclic Prefix):for Synchronisation & Channel Estimation : for Synchronisation & Channel Estimation : DMB-THDMB-THfor Signalling : few pilots constituting a low bitrate channelfor Signalling : few pilots constituting a low bitrate channel


FEC & Interleaving: a lot of solutions!FEC & Interleaving: a lot of solutions!


Data to BroadcastData to Broadcast

FECs + InterleaversFECs + Interleavers

TimeTime

frequ

ency

frequ

ency

DMB-DMB-TT

DVB-HDVB-H… … DVB-T2 !DVB-T2 ! FLOFLO CDMBCDMBISDB-T ISDB-T

(OneSeg(OneSeg))

T-DMB :T-DMB : DAB-FEC (RS + Virtual Time Interleaver) DAB-FEC (RS + Virtual Time Interleaver) + RS (MPEG) + RS (MPEG) + CC (“Viterbi”) + CC (“Viterbi”) + Service Time Interleaver (384 ms)+ Service Time Interleaver (384 ms)ISDB-T:ISDB-T: RS (MPEG) RS (MPEG) + CC (“Viterbi”) + CC (“Viterbi”) + Sub-Band Interleaver (up to 1 second)+ Sub-Band Interleaver (up to 1 second)DVB-H :DVB-H : MPE-FEC (RS + Virtual Time Interleaver) MPE-FEC (RS + Virtual Time Interleaver) + RS/Outer Intl + RS/Outer Intl + CC/Inner Interleaver+ CC/Inner InterleaverFLO :FLO : RS RS + TURBO + TURBO + Interlaced Sub-channels (~250 ms)+ Interlaced Sub-channels (~250 ms)CDMB :CDMB : BCH BCH + LDPC + LDPC + Time Interleaver (~84 ms & ~255 ms)+ Time Interleaver (~84 ms & ~255 ms)CMMB :CMMB : RS/Outer Intl RS/Outer Intl + LDPC + LDPC + 25ms slots within 1s frame+ 25ms slots within 1s frame


In Short : Variations around “C” - OFDMIn Short : Variations around “C” - OFDM


MACMAC ChannelChannelEncoderEncoder

Time Time InterleaveInterleave FramingFraming ModulationModulation ChannelChannel

BandwidthBandwidth

T-DMBT-DMB RS + Outer Intl(from DVB-T)

CC(per service)

384 ms(per service)

2K 1K ½K ¼KFrame Preamble D-QPSK 1.5 MHz

ISDB-TISDB-T - RS + Outer IntlCC + Inner Intl Up to 1 second 8K 4K 2K

PilotsD-QPSK, QPSK,16QAM, 64QAM 6 / 7 / 8 MHz

DVB-HDVB-H MPE-FEC(RS + Time Slice)

RS + Outer IntlCC + Inner Intl - 8K 4K 2K

PilotsQPSK,

16QAM, 64QAM 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 MHz

DVB-SHDVB-SH MPE-FEC(RS + Time Slice)

Turbo Code(3GPP2)

~300 ms~10 seconds

8K 4K 2K Pilots

QPSK,16QAM

1,75 MHz &5 / 6 / 7 / 8 MHz

FLOFLO RS + Turbo Coder(Outer Interleave per service) ~250 ms

4KTDM & FDM

PilotsQPSK,16QAM 6 / 7 / 8 MHz

DMB-TDMB-T(TDS-OFDM)(TDS-OFDM)

- BCH + LDPC ~85 ms~255 ms

SC or 4KSymbol

Preamble

4QAM-NR, 4QAM,

16-32-64 QAM6 / 7 / 8 MHz

CMMBCMMB - RS + Outer IntlLDPC

25ms slotsWithin 1s frame

4K (8 MHz)1K (2 MHz)

BPSK,QPSK, 16QAM

8 MHz2 MHz

Channel EncoderChannel Encoder OFDM modulatorOFDM modulator

iFFTiFFT

xKxK yKyK zKzK

Framing/PilotsFraming/Pilots

SIGSIGSYNCSYNCESTIMESTIM

““MAC”MAC” TSTS

OFDM demodulatorOFDM demodulator Channel DecoderChannel Decoder

TSTS ““MAC”MAC”

iFFTiFFTFraming/PilotsFraming/Pilots

SIGSIG SYNCSYNCESTIMESTIM

OUTER CODINGOUTER CODING

BCBC OuterOuterIntlIntl

INNER CODINGINNER CODING

CCCC InnerInnerIntlIntl

OUTER DECODEROUTER DECODERINNER DECODERINNER DECODER

““PHY”PHY” ““PHY”PHY”DATA FECDATA FEC DATA FECDATA FEC

TimeTimeIntlIntl

TimeTimeIntlIntl

xKxK yKyK zKzK BCBCOuterOuterIntlIntlCCCCInnerInner

IntlIntl

Radio Radio InterfaceInterface


““Multimedia Contents to Nomadic Terminals”Multimedia Contents to Nomadic Terminals”

Physics remains Physics…Physics remains Physics…

for all transmission systems !for all transmission systems !




The Question of Protocol Stacks...The Question of Protocol Stacks...


MULTIMEDIA : CONTENTS / APPLICATIONS / SERVICESMULTIMEDIA : CONTENTS / APPLICATIONS / SERVICES

T-DABT-DABPhysical LayerPhysical Layer

DAB

DAB

Digital RAD

IOD

igital RADIO

Services Services

MP4-AVCMP4-AVCMP4-BSACMP4-BSACMP4-BIFSMP4-BIFS

TSTScircuitcircuit

MP4-SLMP4-SL

MPEG-TSMPEG-TSencapsulationencapsulation

TS FECTS FEC(RS)(RS)

T-DMBT-DMB

IPIP

TSTS

IP: TRANSPORT ConvergenceIP: TRANSPORT Convergence

DVB-IPDC : IP DataCastDVB-IPDC : IP DataCastSERVICE ConvergenceSERVICE Convergence

DVB-HDVB-H

MP4-VMP4-VMP4-AMP4-AMP4-DMP4-D

TSTS

DRMDRMSub SystemSub System

FramingFramingSub-ChannelSub-Channel

FLOFLOPhysical LayerPhysical Layer

MediaFLOMediaFLO

MP2-A/V/DMP2-A/V/DMP4-A/V/DMP4-A/V/D

MPEG2-MUXMPEG2-MUX

ISDB-TISDB-TSingle SegmentSingle Segment

ISDB-TISDB-T

TSTS

DVB

DVB

Digital TV Services

Digital TV Services

TSTS

DVB-TDVB-T

IPIP

DVB-SHDVB-SH

Satellite

TSTSTSTS

Terrestrial


The Question of Mobile performance...The Question of Mobile performance...


0,0 dB

10,0 dB

20,0 dB

30,0 dB

40,0 dB

50,0 dB

0 Hz 1 Hz 10 Hz 100 Hz 1000 Hz

DVB-T vs DVB-H(8K - gi 1/4 - 16QAM 2/3 - MPE-FEC 3/4)

13,27 Mbps

DVB -H @ FER 5%

DVB -H @ MFER 5%

Flat Behaviour

Up to Max Speed

QPSK 1/2 (5 Mbps)QPSK 1/2 (5 Mbps)

16QAM 2/3 (13 Mbps)16QAM 2/3 (13 Mbps)DVB-TMobilePenalty

6 to 12 dB

DVB-H GainArea

DVB-HMPE-FECGAIN :

2 to 5 dB (Pedestrian)

64QAM 2/3 (20 Mbps)64QAM 2/3 (20 Mbps)

Christian AndreasChristian Andreas

DOPPLERDOPPLER(1803-1853)(1803-1853)

)cos(Φ∗∗=ΔCf

Vf rfΔ

DVB-HMPE-FECGAIN :

5 to 9 dB (Mobile)

470 MHz UHF Band IV (21)854 MHz UHF Band V (69)

2 km/h1 km/h

23 km/h13 km/h

230 km/h126 km/h

1840 km/h1008 km/h TU6TU6


The Question of Coverage...The Question of Coverage...


Digital TVtransmitter

FOR FIX FOR FIX RECEPTION:RECEPTION:

Field StrengthField Strengthis Plannedis Planned

to offer theto offer theC/N thresholdC/N thresholdat 10 metersat 10 meters

above theabove theGround LevelGround Level

But for NOMADICBut for NOMADICRECEPTION:RECEPTION:

Field StrengthField StrengthShall be Shall be

available available At 1.5 meterAt 1.5 meter

Above Ground.Above Ground.

PENALTY: 12 dBPENALTY: 12 dB(for Outdoor Rx)(for Outdoor Rx)

Broadcast to NOMADIC Handhelds Terminals :Broadcast to NOMADIC Handhelds Terminals :. Ground level penalty . Ground level penalty ~ 12 dB~ 12 dB. Indoor penalty . Indoor penalty ~ 8 dB~ 8 dB. Mobile penalty (Outcar/Incar). Mobile penalty (Outcar/Incar) ~ 8 dB / ~ 8 dB / 16 dB16 dB

Building Penetration LossBuilding Penetration Loss

PENALTY: 8 dBPENALTY: 8 dB(for Indoor Rx)(for Indoor Rx)

MobilityMobility

PENALTY : 8 dB (Outcar antenna) PENALTY : 8 dB (Outcar antenna) PENALTY : 16 dB (Incar antenna)PENALTY : 16 dB (Incar antenna)


The Question of Network Topology...The Question of Network Topology...


Cellular Networks

(MNOs, Broadband)

MFNMFN

MFNMFN

MFNMFN

BroadCastNetworks

HybridNetworks

m

km

SFNSFN

SFNSFN

SFNSFN

Cellular?Cellular? Broadcast ?Broadcast ?


The Question of Radio Spectrum… The Question of Radio Spectrum…


3 KHz[VLF / LF]

300 KHz[MF]

3 MHz[HF]

30 MHz[VHF]

300 MHz[UHF]

3 GHz[SHF]

30 GHz[EHF]

[Sou

rce

: Rok

e m

anor

Res

earc

h Lt

d –

2007

- «

The

UK

Fre

quen

cy A

lloca

tion

Map

» ]

AM Radio Broadcast

AM Radio Broadcast

FMBand II

TV & Mobile(Band IV & Band V)

TV & Mobile(Band III)


Electric Waves

RadioWaves Infra-Red Visible

LightUltraViolet X-Rays Gamma

RaysCosmicRays

Radio Spectrum

Is there Broadcast Spectrum Not Used ? Is there Broadcast Spectrum Not Used ?

Communities (i.e. Telcos / Broadband / Broadcast) generally consider Communities (i.e. Telcos / Broadband / Broadcast) generally consider first the spectrum they are operating for their primary services…first the spectrum they are operating for their primary services…

But sometimes considers also the one used by an other community…But sometimes considers also the one used by an other community…


LongWaveRadio

MediumWaveRadio

ShortWaveRadio

IIFM

Radio

IIITV

(VHF)

IV & VTV

(UHF)

KuBand

KaBand

L & SBands

CBand

10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 10000000 100000000 1000000000

3 30 30 300300 3

LF SHF EHF Decreasing CoverageIncreasing Bandwidth

Increasing CoverageDecreasing Bandwidth HFMF

30

VHF

3300

UHF

kHz MHz GHz

+


Where to operate “TV to Mobile” ? Where to operate “TV to Mobile” ?

ChannelChannelBandwidthBandwidth VHFVHF UHFUHF

T-DMBT-DMB 1.5 MHz Band III L-Band

ISDB-TISDB-T 6 / 7 / 8 MHz Band III Band IV & V

DVB-HDVB-H 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 MHz Band IV & V

DVB-SHDVB-SH 1,75 MHz &5 / 6 / 7 / 8 MHz L-Band & S-Band

FLOFLO 6 / 7 / 8 MHz Band IV & V

ATSC-MHATSC-MH 6 MHz Band IV & V

DMB-TDMB-T(TDS-OFDM)(TDS-OFDM)

6 / 7 / 8 MHz Band IV & V

CMMBCMMB 8 MHz2 MHz

Band IV & VL-Band & S-Band


A nightmare for the Regulators...A nightmare for the Regulators...

© © Teamcast - 2008Teamcast - 2008 2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape 181813th October 200813th October 2008

““Multimedia Contents to Nomadic Terminals” Multimedia Contents to Nomadic Terminals”

Plethora of offers but…Plethora of offers but…

What do we observe now?What do we observe now?



The Transmitter Network Question (CAPEX)The Transmitter Network Question (CAPEX)



The Business Model Question (The Business Model Question (CAPEX, RoI & OPEXCAPEX, RoI & OPEX))


DVB-HDVB-HFLOFLO

DVB-SHDVB-SH

ATSC-MHATSC-MHDVB-HDVB-H

ISDB-TssISDB-TssT-DMBT-DMB


ModulCastModulCast

13th October 200813th October 2008 21212008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape2008 NEM Summit - The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast LandscapeFurther information at:Further information at: www.teamcast.com www.teamcast.com

Easy-to-integrate, compact and truly cost Easy-to-integrate, compact and truly cost effective technology for transmitter and base-effective technology for transmitter and base-station manufacturers:station manufacturers:

All the essential technical bricks needed to All the essential technical bricks needed to build up standard agnostic, high performance build up standard agnostic, high performance transmission systems at competitive pricing. transmission systems at competitive pricing.

ModulCastModulCast®® for forMobile Digital TVMobile Digital TV

High performance Digital TV modulators forHigh performance Digital TV modulators forT-DMB / DVB-H / FLO / DTMB / CMMB / DVB-T2T-DMB / DVB-H / FLO / DTMB / CMMB / DVB-T2

Hierarchical MIP inserters for SFNs, Hierarchical MIP inserters for SFNs, Mobile DVB‑T /-H / -SH antenna diversity Mobile DVB‑T /-H / -SH antenna diversity

receivers,receivers, Experimental DVB-H / DVB-SH receivers,Experimental DVB-H / DVB-SH receivers, Ultra Low Phase Noise Synthesizers,Ultra Low Phase Noise Synthesizers,


Gerard FARIAGerard FARIA([email protected])([email protected])

TeamCastTeamCastEspace PerformanceEspace PerformanceF35769 - SAINT F35769 - SAINT

GREGOIRE GREGOIRE (FRANCE)(FRANCE)+33 2 23 25 26 80+33 2 23 25 26 80www.teamcast.comwww.teamcast.com

TeamCast Inc.TeamCast Inc.111 West Washington 111 West Washington

StreetStreetIL60602 - CHICAGOIL60602 - CHICAGO

(USA)(USA)+1 1 312 263 0033 +1 1 312 263 0033 www.teamcast.comwww.teamcast.com

Chicago . . Rennes

Thank you for your attention !Thank you for your attention !


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The evolutions of the Digital Broadcast Landscape