The Great War for EmpireFrench and Indian War (1754-1763)

[Seven Years’ War - Europe]

•between Britain and France•1754-1760 (63)•colonies supporting Britain •Indians supporting France•spanned three different continents•Britain victorious - Treaty of Paris (1763)•main factor ending "salutary neglect." •planted seeds of misunderstanding between Britain and colonies •indirectly was one of the causes of the Revolutionary War.

The French and Indian Wars

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1754 -1763 : The French and Indian War   

• Over Ohio River Valley – trade / settlement          

• French build forts – Fort Duquesne – friendly with the Indians  

• English Gov. Dunwittie has stock in Ohio Land Company – sends George Washington to expel the French          

• British declare war  • 1754 : Albany Plan of

Union  - for defense – fails and shows disunity of colonies  

Albany Plan of Union: Join or Die.

Albany Plan of UnionAlbany Plan of Union, Benjamin

Franklin : Colonial confederation based on the ideas of Franklin calling for each town to have independence in a large whole, known as a Grand Council. It was used for military defense and Indian policies and set a precedent for later American unity.

Edward Braddock• Edward Braddock : Braddock

was the General of all the British Troops (French and Indian War), he led an attack against Fort Duquesne, never reaching his destination for they were attacked by the Monongahela River where 900 of his 1200 men were wounded or killed. Braddock was wounded at this battle and died soon afterwards.

Fort Duquesne (Pittsburgh)

Fort Duquesne• Fort Duquesne : This was

the fort that General Braddock tried to take during the French and Indian War but him and his troops were slaughtered in an ambush at the Monongahela, where 900 of the 1200 troops were wounded or killed. Later General Amherst captured the fort.

William Pitt• William Pitt, Earl of Chatham,

known as 'the Great Commoner', dominated the political scene influencing government from within and without. He is remembered for his vocal criticism of harsh British policy levied against the American colonies and his skills as a wartime leader during the Seven Years' War.

Siege of Louisbourg: 1758• The fall of Louisbourg was a

pivotal event in the war, giving the British control of the mouth of the St. Lawrence River and opening the door to the fateful Quebec campaign of the following year. News of this British victory followed closely on the heels of the reports from forts Duquesne and Frontenac, and indicated a sharp change in the fortunes of the war.

Siege of Quebec: 1759

Quebec Falls to the British

The End of New France in North America

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Treaty of Paris: 1763

• Ended French and Indian War• Ended French control of Canada (British

control of Canada)• Spain gave Florida to Britain• France gave up all land east of the

Mississippi to the British• France gave up all land west of the

Mississippi to the Spanish

North America Before 1754 North America After 1763

Proclamation of 1763

• No white settlers west of the Appalachians• British claimed it was temporary• British hoped to appease Indian nations in

Ohio Valley• Land speculators angry• American colonists angry

Frontier Line: 1763

Pontiac’s Rebellion, 1763Pontiac’s Rebellion, 1763 : After

France had to give up the territory they had near and around the Appalachian Mountains the Indians were afraid that the British would come in and start to settle down permanently, to make sure this didn’t happen Chief Pontiac launched an offensive at Bushy Run and Pontiac’s forces won for the time being.