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The Interdependence of The Interdependence of
Information SocietyInformation Society
Measurements and PoliciesMeasurements and Policies
Presented at the 2008 Global Event onMeasuring the Information Society
George Sciadas
Statistics Canada
Geneva, May 27, 2008
Are Information Society measurements becoming Are Information Society measurements becoming of age?of age?
• Overview of national and international Overview of national and international experiencesexperiences
• Official and other measurementsOfficial and other measurements
• Survey measurements and statistical Survey measurements and statistical aggregationsaggregations
• A brief look through a cross-section of A brief look through a cross-section of experiencesexperiences
- in different areas- in different areas- over time- over time- across countries- across countries
Percent of U.S. Computer Households with a Modem
US $ (,000) Rural Urban Central City
< 10 23.6 44.1 43.9
10-15 28.9 40.6 44.8
15-20 32.4 30.7 28.3
20-25 28.5 38.2 36.8
25-35 32.6 41.1 43.3
35-50 34.4 45.6 48.0
50-75 46.7 49.8 49.2
> 75 52.2 58.1 56.4
Source: Falling Through the Net, 1995Source: Falling Through the Net, 1995
In 1997, a range a policies In 1997, a range a policies followedfollowed
-- e-rate e-rate (for schools and libraries)(for schools and libraries)
-- Lifeline Lifeline andand Link Up Link Up (support for low income)(support for low income)
-- Rural Health Care Rural Health Care (affordable access)(affordable access)
-- High Cost High Cost (rural rates reasonably comparable to (rural rates reasonably comparable to
those in urban areas).those in urban areas).
0
20
40
60
80
100
PCs e-mail Use
Internet
Web site Buy online Sell online
%
-In 2000, the provincial government of Quebec In 2000, the provincial government of Quebec instituted policies for instituted policies for transactional and secure Web transactional and secure Web sites.sites.
- - Several national policies followed (promotion, privacy Several national policies followed (promotion, privacy etc.).etc.).
Business Use of ICTs, CanadaBusiness Use of ICTs, Canada
Source: Survey of Electronic Commerce and Technology, 1999Source: Survey of Electronic Commerce and Technology, 1999
Many other cases of parallel developments between ICT measurements and policies
- Early quantification of the ICT sector and the Nordic Council of Ministers (Scandinavia)
- Detailed S. Korean household measurements and broadband policies
- Measurements of people, businesses and farms in Australia, government re-organisation and policies
- ICTs in schools and Chile’s ICTs in education policies
Following eEurope 2005, the European Commission launched i2010.
Three policy priorities:
i) create open and competitive single market for information society and media services, and support technological convergence with policy convergence
ii) increase EU investment in research on ICT by 80%. Europe lags behind, investing only €80 per head as compared to €350 in Japan and €400 in the US
iii) promote an inclusive European information society and close the digital divide
The Information Society Benchmarking Report 2005
- provides the first overview of results since i2010 was adopted
- checks on progress since the launch of eEurope 2005
- analyzes the situation in Member States that joined in 2004.
Source: Eurostat- Community Survey on ICT Usage in Enterprises
Source: Eurostat - Community Survey on ICT Usage in Enterprises
% of enterprises with broadband access
EU25 BE CZ DK DE EE GR ES I E I T CY LT NL AT PL PT SI FI SE UK
All (10+ employed) 52 70 38 80 54 68 21 72 32 51 35 50 54 55 28 49 62 71 75 44
Small (10-49 employed) 48 67 33 77 47 65 16 69 27 48 31 49 50 49 21 43 56 66 71 40
Medium (50-249 employed) 70 80 55 91 76 78 42 87 40 74 53 55 67 79 47 72 78 87 89 62
SMEs (10-249 employed) 51 69 37 79 52 67 20 71 29 51 34 50 53 54 26 48 60 70 74 43
Large (250+ employed) 87 89 73 95 93 93 61 94 79 93 93 60 77 91 79 90 91 93 99 76
Main trends identified in The Information Society Benchmarking Report 2005
• Broadband roll-out is a success story. From limited availability in 2002 access is now available nearly to all citizens…there are exceptions in new members and sparsely populated regions.
• Little evidence of the roll-out of new networks from the 2004 surveys, the PC remained the dominant access device.
• Disparities across Member States had not reduced between the start of eEurope and 2004.
• Connectivity of enterprises is high throughout EU25 and there has been some catch-up by SMEs…but business use of ICT by business has grown slowly and Europe lags behind in advanced e-business applications.
• Availability of online public services has continued to grow
• All Member States are confronted with the challenge of extending the information society to people with little or no formal education, unemployed, and older people.
Source: From the Digital Divide to Digital Opportunities, Orbicom-ITU, 2005
Infostates and the Digital Divide
HIGH
MODERATE
INTERMEDIATE
ELEVATED
LOW
Hypothetica = 117
255193110306 72
Monitoring the Digital Divide Monitoring the Digital Divide internationallyinternationally
-numerous national policies to address the -numerous national policies to address the digital divide have been instituted in Asia, Africa digital divide have been instituted in Asia, Africa and LACand LAC
-also donor initiatives for community access -also donor initiatives for community access (e.g. telecentres in Brazil and Bangladesh, (e.g. telecentres in Brazil and Bangladesh, Global Libraries - Biblioredes in Chile etc.)Global Libraries - Biblioredes in Chile etc.)
-ITU data used extensively (even when other ITU data used extensively (even when other data would be appropriate - but do not yet exist)data would be appropriate - but do not yet exist)Quantifying the Digital Divide was not meant to Quantifying the Digital Divide was not meant to prove its existence prove its existence - that was known (for something - that was known (for something to be measurable, it must be there)…to be measurable, it must be there)…
……itits s magnitude and evolutionmagnitude and evolution are are important important to customize policies and then monitor progressto customize policies and then monitor progress
Measuring telephone use among the Measuring telephone use among the poor poor (“bottom of the pyramid”) (“bottom of the pyramid”)
Source: LIRNEasia.net, 2006
- high use, low ownership- high use, low ownership- Prevented contemplated policy on luxury tax in Sri Lanka- Prevented contemplated policy on luxury tax in Sri Lanka
Linkages between measurements and Linkages between measurements and policies policies
are complex rather than linear are complex rather than linear
Measurements can:Measurements can:
- - provide support and underpinning to policiesprovide support and underpinning to policies
- lead to policies- lead to policies
- monitor and evaluate effectiveness of - monitor and evaluate effectiveness of policiespolicies
- prevent policies from happening- prevent policies from happening
The need for statistical measurements
- reliable and timely euro area economic, monetary and financial statistics are of paramount importance for the ECB’s decision-making... …European policy-makers need to have at their disposal a wide array of timely, high-quality statistics on which to base their decisions.
- communication with the general public and financial markets is crucial for any central bank because it helps to enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy. Euro area statistics play an important role in the ECB’s communication…
Source: Jean-Claude Trichet, President of the ECB, April 2008Monetary policy has a long history…The area of Information Society is much newer and definitely needs statistics to shed light on brand new, cross-cutting and evolving phenomena.
Moreover, ready linkages exist for synthesis between ICTs and broader S&T and innovation policies
