The Primate Foveal Retina

Contains Mainly Cones

And Is Specialized

For High Acuity and

Color

Curcio

Light enters

OSGCL INL ONLPigment

Epithelium

Inner Outer

Retinal Cell Types Can Be Distinguished By Their Size And

Branching Patterns(Dacey, 1993; Rodieck 1998)

Smallbistratified

Parasol

Midget

Cell Size Within A Class Usually Increases With Eccentricity

(Dacey, 1993; Rodieck, 1998)

Den

driti

c fie

ld d

iam

eter

(mic

rons

)

Retinal eccentricity (mm)

Multiple Retinal Pathways Exist, Having Very Specific Spatial

Patterns of Cone Connections(Rodieck, 1998)

On-off Layer Segregation

Examples of ganglion cell

mosaics

Dacey e-mail from April 22, 2003•Inner and outer parasol cells •Inner and outer midgets•Small bistratified,•Large bistratified, •Inner and outer thornys•Dense thorny

(this is an ON-OFF type that is broadly stratified across the ON-OFF border),•Large sparse monostratified – inner and outer•Giant monostratified (these are the photoreceptive ganglion cells - they stratify at the extreme inner and outer borders of the IPL but are NOT ON and OFF types and at the moment I have lumped them into a single physiological/anatomical grouping).

There are also at least three other groups that we label from the colliculus that I have not seen consistently from the LGN (these probably include the ON-DS and the ON-OFF DS physiological groups).

Rod Circuitry

(Kolb)

Rods

Hyperpolarizing rod photoreceptors depolarize rod

bipolar cells

Rod signals reach OFF-center ganglion cells

Chemical synapse

Cones

Electrical synapse

Rod ciruitry (Utah webvision)

The Retina Contains A Specialized Rod Pathway

(Macaque, rod pathway; Massey in Rodieck Book)

Rod bipolar

AII amacrines

Recording Methods

Receptive Field Measurements(Kuffler)

Receptive Fields: Center-

Surround Organization