THE SOUTHERN COLONIES

Virginia (VA)

Georgia (GA)

Maryland (MD)

North Carolina (NC)

South Carolina (SC)

THE SOUTHERN COLONIES

““THE LOST COLONY” THE LOST COLONY” ROANOKE ISLAND: 1585 & ROANOKE ISLAND: 1585 &

15871587 Sir Walter Raleigh made 2 attempts to establish a permanent settlement on Roanoke Island (Present day N. Carolina). He named the land “Virginia” in honor of the “Virgin Queen” Elizabeth I.

The 2nd group included women & kids.

The first group (men only) took the first boat back to England after 1 year because of the hardships.

Raleigh went to England for more supplies. When he returned 1 year later he found no trace of the colonists anywhere.

Only clue was CROATOAN carved in tree.

Sir Walter Raleigh

““THE LOST COLONY” THE LOST COLONY” ROANOKE ISLAND: 1585 & ROANOKE ISLAND: 1585 &

15871587

Who tried to colonize Who tried to colonize Roanoke Island?Roanoke Island?

1. John Smith2. Sir Walter

Raleigh 3. Queen

Isabella4. King George

I

Where was Roanoke Where was Roanoke Island located?Island located?

1. Virginia (although now it is North Carolina)

2. South Carolina 3. Maryland4. Georgia

STAKING CLAIMS IN STAKING CLAIMS IN AMERICAAMERICA

King James I of England would not fund the attempt to colonize the “New World”.

He created the Virginia Co. from 2 separate groups of merchants who wanted to found colonies: The Virginia Co. of London, & The Virginia Co. of Plymouth.

These companies were funded by joint-stock investors who received profits from this venture, or suffered losses if it failed.

They were granted exclusive settlement rights in North America.

King James I

What group invests What group invests monies to help start monies to help start businesses?businesses?

1. Parliament2. Croatoan’s3. Joint Stock

Investors4. Speculators

THE THE “SETTLEMENT”“SETTLEMENT” JAMESTOWN, VA: 1607JAMESTOWN, VA: 1607

Settlers faced diseases because they chose to live on swampland. (So they wouldn’t get attacked by hostile natives.)

Captain John Smith takes charge & makes the wealthy work for their meals. “No work, no food!”

Smith gets help from Powhatan Indians & Pocahontas.

About 500 starved to death despite Smith’s work

Most of the men had no clue on building homes, farming, or hunting because they were wealthy shop owners. (They were in it for the money!)

Pocahontas was the Pocahontas was the daughter of which daughter of which chief?chief?

1. Chief Powhatan

2. Chief Petoskey

3. Chief Sitting Bull

Who made the Who made the colonists work for colonists work for food?food?

1. Chief Powhatan

2. Pocahontas3. John Rolfe4. John Smith

What type of land What type of land did colonists settle did colonists settle on?on?

1. Rich farmland

2. Swampland3. Dry &

rocky4. Heavy

forest

THE THE “GROWTH ““GROWTH “OF OF JAMESTOWNJAMESTOWN

Cash Crops, such as tobacco, increased Virginia’s exports, thanks to John Rolfe.

Indentured Servants were used to meet labor demands. (Homeless children, convicts, bankrupt farmers, poor.)

They usually worked 4-7 years to pay off their debt.

Slave Labor: First slaves were treated as indentured servants. (Over 250 years, Europeans brought 15 million enslaved W. Africans to the Americas.)

(He married Chief Powhatan’s daughter Pocahontas.)

What type of work What type of work experience did most experience did most colonists have?colonists have?

1. Farming2. Fishing3. Carpentry4. Business

Who worked 4-7 years Who worked 4-7 years to pay off passage to to pay off passage to America ?America ?

1. John Rolfe2. African Slaves3. Indentured

Servants4. Croatoan

Indians

What did John Rolfe do What did John Rolfe do for a living ?for a living ?

1. Slave trader2. Tobacco

Farmer3. Store owner4. Ship builder

BEGINNING OF “SELF GOVERNMENT”BEGINNING OF “SELF GOVERNMENT”

To run the Virginia Co. settlers voted for representatives (Burgesses). The House of Burgesses made & enforced the laws.

Bacon’s Rebellion: Nathaniel Bacon led a group of homeless, bankrupt tobacco farmers, angry with the VA. gov’t, in an attack on Jamestown. (Bacon died 1 month later from a gun powder accident & rebels lost the desire to continue fighting.)

Who was elected to Who was elected to make and enforce laws make and enforce laws in the colonies?in the colonies?

1. King George

2. King James3. Burgesses4. John Carver

Who was responsible Who was responsible for leading a rebellion for leading a rebellion that burned Jamestown?that burned Jamestown?

1. King George 2. King James3. John Carver4. Nathaniel

Bacon

MARYLAND: 1632MARYLAND: 1632“A RELIGIOUS REFUGE”“A RELIGIOUS REFUGE”

King Charles I gave George Calvert (Lord Baltimore) 10 million acres north of VA. Calvert became it’s “proprietor” (meaning he had power over it’s gov’t.)

Religious freedom was offered to all “Christians”. (Sorry, no Jews allowed!)

Maryland passed the “Toleration Act” which became part of the 1st Amendment…freedom of religion...

George Calvert

Colony began as a refuge for Roman Catholics.

Who had control over Who had control over a colonies a colonies governmentgovernment??

1. A proprietor2. Parliament3. Mayors4. Religious

Leaders

THE TWO CAROLINAS: THE TWO CAROLINAS: 16631663

Eight nobles received a grant to settle “Carolina”. (In hopes of becoming richer!) King Charles Il made both Carolinas “Royal Colonies”.

Cash crops: Tobacco

Sugar

Products from pine forests to build ships

Rice

Indigo (blue dye) Slavery was huge here as

“plantations” (very large farms) required manual labor to plant & harvest crops.

King Charles Il

What is a cash crop?What is a cash crop?

1. Crops used by families who grow them.

2. Crops grown to be sold.

3. Crops grown for livestock to eat.

Slavery Hodge Podge

Underground Railroad: A series of homes where “conductors” helped slaves move north to freedom.

Denmark Vesey: Won his freedom in a street lottery. Tried to organize the largest U.S. slave uprising in history.* A House slave turned him in!

Harriet Tubman Jubilee: A festival celebrating harvest

Big House: Plantation owners home

What “transportation” What “transportation” did slaves use to did slaves use to escape to freedom?escape to freedom?

1. Pacific Railroad

2. Wagon Trains3. Underground

Railroad4. Ferry Boats

GEORGIA: 1732

“COLONY FOR THE POOR” Named after King George II

Proprietor: James Oglethorpe wanted GA to be a place for people in debt. (Instead of putting them in “debtors prison”)

He helped men, women & children get released from prison to work & pay off debts.

He controlled the sale of land from Indians, forbid slavery, & rum.

Because the colony wasn’t making money, King George II took back control & allowed slavery & rum. (Because they made money!)

James OglethorpeKing George II

What colony was set What colony was set up for the poor?up for the poor?

1. N. Carolina2. Virginia3. Maryland4. Georgia

ANY QUESTIONS?ANY QUESTIONS?

YOU’RE ALL DONE!

Toleration Act of 1649:

Made it a crime to restrict the religious rights of Christians