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TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
• Valve Train Parts : Severe/Abnormal Wear at Cam/TappetCam/Tappet • Power Train Parts : Severe/Abnormal Wear at Piston Ring/liner
What Happened in Diesel Engines
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
Heavy Duty Diesel-Engine Exhaust Gas Regulation
It is a Chance of Technologies Advance.
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9NOx(g/kwh)
PM
(g/kw
h)
EURO1(1992)
EURO2(1996)EURO3(2000)
EURO4(2005)
Cam: Induction H Tappet: Hard Metal Ring: Cr-Ceramic Liner: High Alloy Cast
Cam: Induction H Tappet: ? Ceramic Ring : ? Cr-Diamond Liner: ? Laser Steel
Cam: Induction H Tappet : Chilled Cast Ring: Cr Plating Liner: High P-Cast
KOREA(2004)KOREA(2006)
KOREA(2000)
70Kg/mm^2
160Kg/mm^2
Stress: ?
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
Cam and Tappet Movement in Valve Train System
• Contact between Cam and Tappet Line contact, Rolling with sliding Crowned surface of tappet (for uniform wear)• Lubrication Cam Base Area : Hydrodynamic lubrication Cam Nose Area : Boundary lubrication # Nose ± 20° , Max. contact stress, Lubrication film failure Severe wear occurs
• Hertzian Contact Stress σmax [P/WR(1/E1+1/E2)]∝ ½
W = Cam width R = Cam radius
P = Max. load σmax =Max. Contact Stress
E1/E2 = Young’s modulus of Cam/Tappet
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
Valve Train System, OHV Type Diesel Engine
• Valve timing control • Profile of Cam nose will be maintained during engine life• Wear of Cam and Tappet Timing Changed Imperfect Burning PM and NOx increase in exhaust gasPM and NOx increase in exhaust gas If severe wear occurrs in cam and tappet Engine Fails
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
A case of failure - Tappet Pitting and Cam Scuffing
• High Hertzian Contact Stress• Adhesion of mating materials
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
Newly Designed Hard metal tappet - Characteristics I
• Simple Process– Low Sintering Temperature for WC Tip (1450 =>1050°C)– Direct Bonding of As-Received WC tip and Machined Body
• High Bonding Strength– Vacuum Atmosphere– High Wettability to Steel– Formation of Diffusion Layer
- Main composition : WC with Binder Alloy
– WC size : Average 1~5m Hardness : Above HRA 85 – Bending strength : Average 100
kgf/mm^2 (TRS)– Young’s modulus : 43,000 kg/mm^2– Thermal conductivity : 0.17 cal/cm
sec C (75W/mK)– Thermal expansion coefficient : 6 x
10-6/ C
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
Mass Production
Technical Alliance with the T.M.C, High Technology possession enterprise
There’s no Quality Problems in mass production of Hard Metal tappet for 5 years
38 @ 2000
240 @ 2300 90 @ 1200
H-Co 4 liter 4 140 @ 2900
8 LITER 6DAEWOO
CUSTOMER
8 LITER(Gas) 6 260 @ 2300 100 @ 1300
E/G Model Cylinder.no ISO PowerPS @ rpm
Torquekg.m @ rpm
12 LITER 6 340 @ 2100 145 @ 1260
▶CUSTOMER & SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE
▶ SUPPLY RECORD OF HARD METAL TAPPET(T.M.C)
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
Line contact, Reciprocal sliding with rolling.
Measure the rapid increase time of friction coefficient scuffing time
0
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0.3
0.4
0.5
0 1 2 3 4
Time (hr)
Friction c
oeffi
cie
nt
Scuffing occur
No Scuffing
Wear Test - Scuffing
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
Hard metal tappet have a longer scuffing time than Fe-alloy tappet
3 of 5 case of hard metal tappet have not scuffing during test
Hard metal tappet have a smaller friction coefficient than Fe-alloy tappet
Hard metal tappet have a better anti-scuffing characteristics than Fe-alloy tappet
Wear Test - Results
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
- Part test of engine, driven by electrical motor
- Performed 500 hours, at 2200 crankshaft RPM
- Contact stress of cam and tappet is higher than in a real engine
- 6 Fe-alloy tappets and 6 hard metal tappets are tested.
Rig Test(Motoring) - Pitting
- Fe alloy Tappets have pitting & all of them have not shown crowned shape
- Hard Metal tappets have no pitting & remain crowned shape
TMC ( Techno Material Corp.)
To test the Reliability of Engine parts
Engine Dynamo Test : 1,000 hour, 2200 RPM - Fe alloy tappets have pitting (2 of 6) & Not scuffing - Hard metal tappets have no pitting and no scuffing
Field Test : 100,000km- Bus and Truck mounting, Only hard metal tappet test.- No pitting and No scuffing- Crowned shape of tappet is remained.- The surface of Tappet and cam were fine-polished. - It means that it is possible to use the tappets again.
- There’s no wear problem after applying in the field for nearly 5 years
Dynamo Test & Field Test