Upload
loraine-lawrence
View
216
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Vocabulary Vocabulary ReviewReview
Ch 14 – History Ch 14 – History of Lifeof Life
The scientific principle that
living organisms come only from
other living organisms
Biogenesis
An early and now disproved theory
that living organisms come to life spontaneously
from nonliving material
Spontaneous generation
A method of determining the
absolute age of an object by comparing
the relative percentages of a
radioactive (parent) isotope and a stable (daughter) isotope
Radiometric dating
An atom that has the same number of protons
(or the same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different
number of neutrons (and thus a different atomic
mass)
Isotope
The sum of the numbers of protons and
neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass number
The disintegration of an unstable atomic nucleus
into one or more different nuclides, accompanied by the emission of radiation,
the nuclear capture or ejection of electrons, or
fission
Radioactive decay
An isotope that has an unstable nucleus and that emits radiation
Radioactive isotope
The time required for half of a sample of a
radioactive isotope to break down by
radioactive decay to form a daughter
isotope
Half-life
A microscopic spherical structure composed of many protein molecules that are organized
as a membrane
Microsphere
A mass of droplets of colloidal substances, such as lipids, amino
acids, and sugars, that are held together by
electrostatic attraction
Coacervate
A type of RNA that can act as an
enzyme
Ribozyme
Prokaryotes, most of which are known to live in
extreme environments; differentiated from other prokaryotes by genetic
differences and differences in the make
up of their cell walls
Archaea
The production of carbohydrates
through the use of energy from
inorganic molecules instead
of lightChemosynthesi
s
A group of bacteria that can
carry out photosynthesis
Cyanobacteria
A gas molecule that is made up of
three oxygen atoms
Ozone
A mutually beneficial relationship in which one organism lives within another; a
theory that eukaryotic cells originated
through endosymbiotic relationships between
ancient prokaryotic cellsEndosymbiosis