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X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy •RAMAN •Microwave

X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?

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$Page 1: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

X-Ray DiffractionSpectroscopy•RAMAN

•Microwave

$Page 2: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

What is X-Ray Diffraction?

$Page 3: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

X-Ray Diffraction and The Bragg’s Law

Max Von Laue William Lawrence Bragg William Henry Bragg

$Page 4: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

BRAGG’S LAW

$Page 5: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

BRAGG’S LAW

$Page 6: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

COMPONENTS OF XRD MACHINE

$Page 7: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

HOW DIFFRACTION WORKS?

$Page 8: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

HOW DIFFRACTION WORKS?

$Page 9: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

Applications of XRD

Find structure to determine function of proteins

Distinguish between different crystal structures with identical compositions

Study crystal deformation and stress properties

Study of rapid biological and chemical properties

Crystallographic applications

$Page 10: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and radiated energy. It originated through the study of visible light dispersed according to its wavelength, by a prism. Spectroscopy is the measurement of radiation intensity as a function of wavelength.

SPECTROSCOPY

$Page 11: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

$Page 12: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

Raman Spectroscopy is a technique that uses scattered light resulting from photon–molecule collisions to investigate molecular properties.

$Page 13: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

$Page 14: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

RAMAN SCATTERING

$Page 15: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

Stokes Lines: Energy shifted down

Anti-Stokes: Energy shifted up

Raman scattering is governed by the polarizability of the electron cloud of the sample

$Page 16: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

A MODERN RAMAN SPECTROMETER

$Page 17: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

BASIC APPLICATIONS OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

Identification of compound by matching the

spectrum of unknown with reference spectrum

(fingerprint). Determination of molecular composition of

surfaces. Identification of all type of inorganic compounds

in solid and aqueous solution. Detection of molecular impurites and additives.

$Page 18: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

$Page 19: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY

Microwave rotational spectroscopy uses microwave radiation to measure the energies of rotational transitions for molecules in the gas phase.

$Page 20: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY

▪ It is mainly used to get information about gas molecules, such as

▪ 1. Accurate bond lengths and angles.▪ 2. Electric dipole moments.▪ 3. Centrifugal distortion constants.▪ It can also be used to study dielectric

constants, dipole moments in liquids and solutions, and potential energy barriers to rotation

$Page 21: X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy RAMAN Microwave. What is X-Ray Diffraction?$

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