Chapter 3 introduction to the smart city concept, AUST 2015

Smart City Solu-on and Implementa-on AUST Summer Course

Chapter 3 : Introduc-on to Smart City

Professor Isam SHAHROUR Isam.shahrour@univ-‐lille1.fr

Q1 : The Smart City Concept? Q2: Data management technology? Q3 : Smart City implementa:on ?

3 Ques-ons

City

Greenhouse emission Climate Change

Popula:on Expansion (Explosion)

Energy & water consump:on

Traffic conges:on

Air, water & soil pollu:on

Financial & economic Crises

Health & educa:on

Housing

Poverty Slums

Gouvernance par:cipa:on

Society aging

Increase demand for life quality & comfort

The City Challenges

Infrastructure

Housing

Urbaniza-on

Management

(governance)

Sustainable City Env-‐ responsible Social -‐responsible Futur genera-on

Huge Financial and economic crises

Digital technology revolu-on (Smart City Concept)

Statement : We have to transform our city

Improve the buildings and infrastructure quality Large investment, takes 6me.. In Europe new buildings represent about 1% of the buildings stock annually

Two strategies

Improve the infrastructure management (Digital technology) Low investment, rapid implementa6on

Les réseaux sociaux Digital Revolu-on •  Communica:on •  Social network •  Mobile •  Internet of things

Smart sensors technology

Smart Technology Smart governance

SMART CITY

Health, Educa:on Art, Culture

BIG DATA digital, images, movies, audios

More data

Smart city technology allows •  Real-‐:me monitoring (Urban systems as well as other urban related data)

•  Rapid ac:on in the case of abnormal event (leakage, contamina:on, overload,..)

•  Op:mal management of resources •  Stakeholders implica:on and par:cipa:on •  Development of predic:ve models

Smart City history

Smart Grid historical perspec-ve

Earliest Smart Grid Project : Teleogestore GRID, Italy in 2005, by ENEL It offers saving of 500 millions € for a cost of 2.1 billion €

Smart City in EUROPE

Ci:es are becoming more and more a focal point for our economies and society, because of : •  On-‐going urbaniza:on •  increasingly knowledge-‐intensive economies •  their growing share of resource consump:on

and emissions.

Why ?

To meet public policy objec:ves under these circumstances, Ci:es need to change and develop, but in :mes of -ght budgets this change needs to be achieved in a smart way: our ci-es need to become 'smart ci-es'.

Why ?

EU’s 20/20/20 energy and climate targets In 2020 (compared to 1990) : •  20% reduc:on in CO2 emissions •  20% coming from renewables •  20% increase in energy efficiency.

Triple bo]om line gain for Europe: •  A significant improvement of ci:zens'

quality of life, •  An increased compe::veness of Europe's

industry •  Strong contribu:on to sustainability and the

EU’s 20/20/20 energy and climate targets

Triple bo]om line gain for Europe: This will be achieved through : wide-‐reaching roll out of integrated, scalable, sustainable Smart City solu9ons – specifically in areas where •  energy produc:on, distribu:on and use; •  mobility and transport; •  informa:on and communica:on technologies are in-mately linked.

2014

Stockholm : Traffic Conges-on

City traffic decreased by 18% CO2 emission decreased by 14-‐18 %

Smart City in United States Smart Grid – NEMA Report (2011) NEMA : Associa6on of electrical and medical imaging equipment manufacturers (US)

Smart Grid – NEMA Report (2011)

Smart Grid – NEMA Report (2011)

Novembre 2013

July 18, 2014

Smart City in INDIA

Smart City JAPAN

Rio de Janeiro Smart City IBM, January 2011

Rio Opera-ons Center (control room) •  Ini:al focus was floods, soil sliding and emergency •  The scope considerably extended to: transporta:on, water, weather and energy

Smart City in Africa

2014

Smart City Technology movies

A1 Smarter Ci-es_ Introducing 'The Smarter City’ A3 Cisco Smart Grid -‐ HD Version A5 Smart Grid Denmark -‐ the intelligent power grid of the future A6 Smart ci-es in the new urban world Peter Nijkamp at TEDxUdG

Q1 : The Smart City Concept? Q2: Data management technology? Q3 : Smart City implementa:on ?

3 Ques-ons

Health, Educa:on Art, Culture

BIG DATA digital, images, movies, audios

Data

The amount of data being generated worldwide increases at a rate of 40%-‐60% per year •  In 2007 the amount of new data exceeded the amount of digital storage space being created

•  By 2011 it more than doubled it.

Set of technologies and prac-ces to: •  Collect and store large amounts of data •  Analyze large and varied data very quickly.

Big data :

Big data : •  Enormous amounts of both structured and unstructured data,

•  Difficult to manage with conven:onal storage solu:ons and treatment.

•  Come from various sources and (mostly) produced in real :me.

Big Data -‐ the 3V : Variety, Velocity and Volume.

Open data : Open data : data that can be freely used, shared and built-‐on by anyone, anywhere, for any purpose.

Requirements for open data Legal openness: you must be allowed to get the data, to build on it and to share it. Technical openness: there should be no technical barriers to use this data (machine readable)

Data Analysis of Big data •  Understanding complex phenomena

(Research,..) •  Elabora:on of socio-‐economic strategy

(health, educa:on, transport, …) •  Process op:miza:on •  Understand customer expecta:ons, •  Establish business strategies

Q1 : The Smart City Concept? Q2: Data management technology? Q3 : Smart City implementa-on ?

3 Ques-ons

Implementa-on of the smart city ?

City

Campus

Step 1: Establish the need and strategy •  Understand the need and the challenges of the

city (urban system) and how the SC concept could respond to these challenges.

•  Based on the diagnos:c phase, establish a mul:-‐phase strategy with milestones

•  Establish a government model for the smart city

The Smart City implementa-on journey

Step 2 : Produc-on and collec-on of data •  Data concerning the physical urban

infrastructures (Geographic Informa:on System GIS)

•  Smart Monitoring of urban infrastructures (smart sensors and actuators)

•  Data concerning the urban environment as well as urban usages


Step 3 : Communica-on Build real :me bi-‐direc:onal communica:on with urban system as well as with the city stakeholders : •  Combining wired and contactless technology, •  Heterogeneous sensors and protocols, •  Reliability, Cyber security, •  Energy saving


Step 4 : Data analysis •  Technology and somware to store and analyse

collected data (Big Data) (real-‐:me) •  Develop predic:on model based on the historical

and geo-‐localized data


Step 5 : Protocols Establish protocols for

•  Op:mal management, •  Crisis management, •  Implica:on of end-‐users •  New services (business)


Strategy for policy-‐makers •  Use the data, analy:cs,… to establish urban

development and investment strategy •  Innovate in the socio-‐economic model (taxes,

private-‐public partnerships, social aid,…-‐


•  Improvement • Extension • New services

The Smart City implementa-on journey Itera-ve procedure:

Implementa:on

Tes:ng

Stakeholders feed-‐back and demand

Usage

Conclusion The concept of smart city offers a great opportunity to improve the management and development of our ci:es : -‐ Use of the digital revolu:on -‐  Knowledge based technology (data analysis, data crossing, learning..) -‐  Combines technical, economic and social issues -‐  Mul:-‐scale approach -‐  Real :me control, increase in the opera:ng security -‐  Historical, real-‐:me and mul:-‐scale data : op:mal management -‐  Share and implica:on of all stakeholders New concept : We yet have to learn from real projects, field experimenta:on

Conclusion

The concept of smart city offers a great opportunity to improve the management and development of our ci:es : •  Use of the digital revolu:on •  Knowledge based technology (data analysis, data crossing, learning..)

•  Combines technical, economic and social issues •  Mul:-‐scale approach

Conclusion •  Increase in the security: Real :me control •  Op:mal management : use of historical, real-‐:me and mul:-‐scale data

•  Collec:ve intelligence: implica:on of all stakeholders New concept : We yet have to learn from real projects, field experimenta:on

New concept : We have to learn from real projects, field experimenta-on, promote the concept

Conclusion

New concept, we have to: -‐  learn from real projects, field experimenta:on -‐  Promote the concept -‐  Innovate in the partnership and economic model

(pricing, private/public)

Movies: •  A1 Smart Ci:es How do we Build the Ci:es of Tomorrow Hugh Green

at TEDxEmory •  A2 Smarter Ci:es_ Introducing 'The Smarter City’ •  A3 Smart Grids Explained •  A4 Smart Grid Denmark -‐ the intelligent power grid of the future. •  A5 How Big is Big Data •  A6 Smart ci:es in the new urban world Peter Nijkamp at TEDxUdG.

Thank you

Education

Chapter 3 introduction to the smart city concept, AUST 2015