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Imperialism introduction (shorter version)
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Introduction to Imperialism(mid 19th to early 20th century)
What is Imperialism?
• when one nation completely dominates the economy and government of another nation
Four Motives Behind Imperialism
• Nationalism!
• Racism and ethnocentrism (Christian mission + “white man’s burden”)
• Industrialization and capitalism
• Sense of adventure
Spain in Latin America
Cortes in Mexico
Spain vs Portugal
Why?
England’s Dominance
England in India
The “Scramble for Africa”
• first Euro contact was approx mid 1400s
• hundreds of different tribes flourished
• Obstacles: African armies, disease and terrain
• by 1880, Europe controlled 10% of Africa
• By1914: Europe controls 96% of Africa!!!
By1914: Europe controls 96% of Africa!!!
AFRICA 1880
Why Was Europe Successful?
• divide and conquer strategy
• military and technological advantages
• medical developments; especially quinine
• 77% of Euros had died from disease (UCal)
Effects of Imperialism: Conflicts
• Berlin Conference (1884)
• Boer War (1899-1902) in S. Africa
• Post WW I and WW II (impact of nationalism)
• Countries compete for natural resources