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into brief of e-commerce
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1
Introduction to e-Commerce
E-Commerce Software
Winter 85, 2An Introduction to E-Commerce
Objectives
In this chapter, you will learn about:
Finding and evaluating Web hosting services
Basic functions of electronic commerce software
Advanced functions of electronic commerce software
2
Winter 85, 3An Introduction to E-Commerce
Objectives (continued)
Electronic commerce software for small and midsize businesses
Electronic commerce software for midsize to large businesses
Electronic commerce software for large businesses that have an existing information technology infrastructure
Winter 85, 4An Introduction to E-Commerce
Web Hosting Alternatives
Self-hostingRunning servers in-house
Commerce service providers (CSPs)Provide Internet access to companies and individualsOffer Web server management and the renting of application software
3
Winter 85, 5An Introduction to E-Commerce
Web Hosting Alternatives (continued)
Shared hostingClient’s Web site is on a server that hosts other Web sites simultaneously
Dedicated hostingService provider makes a Web server available to a client
Co-locationService provider rents a physical space to the client to install its own server hardware
Winter 85, 6An Introduction to E-Commerce
Server evaluation
Key questions to ask both management and sales staff:
What is the target audience that accesses our site?Are transactions going to be taken via the website, how often, and how many?What is the level of staffing that is required to maintain the server on a daily basis?
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Winter 85, 7An Introduction to E-Commerce
The List Web Host Directory
Winter 85, 8An Introduction to E-Commerce
Host evaluation
Compare Web hosts feature for feature :http://www.hostindex.com/compare.aspWeb Host Guild :http://www.whg.org/
5
Winter 85, 9An Introduction to E-Commerce
Basic Functions of Electronic Commerce Software
All electronic commerce solutions must provide
A catalog display
Shopping cart capabilities
Transaction processing
Winter 85, 10An Introduction to E-Commerce
Basic Functions of Electronic Commerce Software (continued)
Additional software componentsMiddleware
Application integration
Web services
Integration with enterprise resource planning (ERP) software
Supply chain management (SCM) software
6
Winter 85, 11An Introduction to E-Commerce
Catalog Display
Catalog
Listing of goods and services
Static catalog
Simple list written in HTML that appears on a Web page
Dynamic catalog
Stores information about items in a database
Winter 85, 12An Introduction to E-Commerce
Small Electronic Commerce Site
7
Winter 85, 13An Introduction to E-Commerce
Shopping Cart
Problems with forms-based shopping
Shoppers had to write down product information before going to the order form
Customers sometimes forgot whether they had clicked the submit button
Confusing and error prone
Winter 85, 14An Introduction to E-Commerce
Using a Form to Enter an Order
8
Winter 85, 15An Introduction to E-Commerce
Shopping Cart (continued)
Forms-based method of ordering has given way to electronic shopping carts
Shopping cart
Keeps track of items a customer has selected
Allows customers to view contents of their carts, add new items, or remove items
Winter 85, 16An Introduction to E-Commerce
Typical Shopping Basket Page
9
Winter 85, 17An Introduction to E-Commerce
Transaction Processing
Occurs when a shopper proceeds to the virtual checkout counter by clicking a checkout button
Calculation complications
Computing taxes and shipping costs
Provisions for coupons, special promotions, and time-sensitive offers
Winter 85, 18An Introduction to E-Commerce
Advanced Functions of Electronic Commerce Software
MiddlewareEstablishes a connection between electronic commerce software and an accounting system
InteroperabilityMaking a company’s information systems work together
10
Winter 85, 19An Introduction to E-Commerce
BEA Technology Solutions Page
Winter 85, 20An Introduction to E-Commerce
Enterprise Application Integration and Databases
Application programProgram that performs a specific function
Application serverComputer that takes request messages received by the Web server and runs application programs
Business logicRules used in the business
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Winter 85, 21An Introduction to E-Commerce
Application Integration and Databases (continued)
Page-based application systemsReturn pages generated by scripts
Component-based application systemSeparates presentation logic from business logic
Database managerSoftware that stores information in a highly structured way
Winter 85, 22An Introduction to E-Commerce
Application Integration and Databases (continued)
Distributed information systems
Large information systems that store the same data in many different physical locations
Distributed database systems
Databases within distributed information systems
12
Winter 85, 23An Introduction to E-Commerce
Web Services
Combination of software tools that let application software in one organization communicate with other applications over a network
Companies are using Web services to offer improved customer service and reduce costs
Winter 85, 24An Introduction to E-Commerce
SOAP, UDDI, and WSDL
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) Message-passing protocol
Web Services Description Language (WSDL)Describes characteristics of logic units that make up specific Web services
Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) specification
Set of protocols that identify locations of Web services and their associated WSDL descriptions
13
Winter 85, 25An Introduction to E-Commerce
Integration with ERP Systems
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software packages
Business systems that integrate all facets of a business
Major ERP vendorsBaan, Oracle, PeopleSoft, and SAP
Typical installation of ERP software costs between $2 million and $25 million
Winter 85, 26An Introduction to E-Commerce
ERP System Integration with EDI
14
Winter 85, 27An Introduction to E-Commerce
Electronic Commerce Software for Small and Midsize Companies
CSPs
Have same advantages as ISP hosting services
Low cost is biggest single advantage
Offer free or low-cost electronic commerce software for building electronic commerce sites
Winter 85, 28An Introduction to E-Commerce
Interland Web Hosting Services Home Page
15
Winter 85, 29An Introduction to E-Commerce
Mall-Style Commerce Service Providers
Provide small businesses with Internet connection
Web site creation tools
Little or no banner advertising clutter
Provide shopping cart software
CSPs that offer mall-style commerce serviceseBay Stores and Yahoo! Store
Winter 85, 30An Introduction to E-Commerce
Yahoo! Store
Serves as the business Web host for
Kennedy Space Center Space Shop
The Sharper Image
PalmPilotGear
Merchants can create, change, and maintain their Yahoo! storefronts through a Web browser
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Winter 85, 31An Introduction to E-Commerce
Bigstep
Received many industry awards for its CSP offering
Provides two different storefront packages
Reports Provide data-mining capabilities
Data miningLooking for hidden patterns in data
Winter 85, 32An Introduction to E-Commerce
Electronic Commerce Software for Midsize to Large Businesses
Midrange packages allow a merchant to have explicit control over
Merchandising choices
Site layout
Internal architecture
Remote and local management options
17
Winter 85, 33An Introduction to E-Commerce
Intershop Enfinity
Intershop Enfinity MultiSite provides
Search and catalog capabilities
Electronic shopping carts
Online credit card transaction processing
The ability to connect to existing back-end business systems and databases
Winter 85, 34An Introduction to E-Commerce
IBM WebSphere Commerce Professional Edition
Set of software components that provides software suitable for midsize to large businesses
Includes Catalog templates
Setup wizards
Advanced catalog tools
18
Winter 85, 35An Introduction to E-Commerce
Microsoft Commerce Server 2002
Allows businesses to sell products or services on the Web using the following tools
User profiling and managementTransaction processingProduct and service managementTarget audience marketing
Provides many predefined reports for analyzing site activities and product sales data
Winter 85, 36An Introduction to E-Commerce
Electronic Commerce Software for Large Businesses
Examples of enterprise-class products that can be used to run a large online business
IBM WebSphere Commerce Business EditionOracle E-Business SuiteBroadvision One-To-One Commerce
Enterprise-class softwareTypically provides good tools for linking to and supporting supply and purchasing activities
19
Winter 85, 37An Introduction to E-Commerce
Typical Enterprise-Class Electronic Commerce Architecture
Winter 85, 38An Introduction to E-Commerce
Customer Relationship Management Software
Must obtain data from operations software that conducts activities such as
Sales automation
Customer service center operations
Marketing campaigns
Must also gather data about Customer activities on the company’s Web site and any other points of contact
20
Winter 85, 39An Introduction to E-Commerce
Supply Chain Management Software
Helps companies to coordinate planning and operations with their partners in the industry supply chains
Performs two general types of functions
Planning
Execution
Winter 85, 40An Introduction to E-Commerce
Content Management Software
Should be tested before making a commitment
Employees should find a software’s procedures for performing regular maintenance to be straightforward
Helps companies control the large amounts of text, graphics, and media files
21
Winter 85, 41An Introduction to E-Commerce
Documentum Content Management Web Site
Winter 85, 42An Introduction to E-Commerce
Knowledge Management Software
Helps companies do four main things
Collect and organize information
Share information among users
Enhance ability of users to collaborate
Preserve knowledge gained through use of information
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Winter 85, 43An Introduction to E-Commerce
Summary
Company must first choose between paying a service provider to host the site and self-hosting
External hosting options Shared hosting, dedicated hosting, and co-location
Key elements of electronic commerce softwareCatalogs, shopping carts, and transaction processing capabilities
Winter 85, 44An Introduction to E-Commerce
Summary (continued)
Commerce service provider (CSP)Used by small enterprises just starting an electronic commerce initiative
If a company already has computing equipment and staff in place purchasing a midrange electronic commerce software package provides more control over a siteLarge enterprises with high transaction rates need to invest in larger, more customizable systems