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• Lubrication:– The process of reducing friction between
moving surfaces
Lubrication
•Friction:–Resistance created when one surface rubs on another–Slows movement of parts–Generates heat–Increases wear–Events: particles - expansion - seizure
Lubrication• Forms of lubricants
– Dry (powder)– Semi dry (grease)– Viscous (oil)
• Function of engine oil– Lubricate– Clean – Cool– Cushion– Seal
Lubrication
• SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
• ViscosityThe ability of liquid to resist flowing
• SAE Index / Viscosity Index– Listing of viscosities
• Examples of viscosities (weights)– 10w 20w 30w 40w 50w 60w 80-90w– 5w30 10w30 10w40 20w50
LUBRICATION• A.P.I.
– American Petroleum Institute– Service index
• List of ratings determining oil application (SJ)
• Service manual / oil application / climate• Oil additives improve oil performance
– Detergents– Anti-rust / Anti-corrosion– Oxidation inhibitors– Anti-foam– Dispersant
LUBRICATION• A.P.I. American Petroleum Institute
– Service index• List of ratings determining oil application (SJ)
LUBRICATION
• Types of lubricating systems– Four cycle systems reuse oil– Two cycle systems burn oil with fuel– Two and Four cycle systems oils CAN NOT
be interchanged
LUBRICATION• Two cycle lubricating mixtures
– Mixture ratio - amount of gasoline to oil– Examples: 16:1 32:1 40:1 50:1
LUBRICATION• How oil gets
dirty.– Blow – by
gasses– Particles from
engine parts– Dirt from
checking oil levels