BY: BRITTANY ROBB

• In the 16th century despite constant struggle, the French and English explorers were unable to find a “Northwest Passage”.

• The Fur trade was a aspect of dependency that united the Europeans and the native Indians. The Europeans needed fur and hunting techniques were the Indians like the European metals, alcohol and cloth.

• Later on the Indians devised trading protocols to keep at peace with the Europeans instead of the start of a new war.

Canada and Iroquoia Ch.5

Canada and Iroquoia Ch.5• The Natives adapted the use of alcohol

from the Europeans first only as a way to reach themselves spiritually and then alcohol use became more conventional abusing in ways that the natives were actually killing each other in drunken rages.

• By the mid-seventh century the trading goods were so used by the Algonquian people that they began to forget how to make their own tools, weapons and craft skills needed to survive without the dependency of the Europeans.

• Knowing this the Natives began to over kill beavers in particular to be able to supply enough furs for settlers so that they would be able to have a product to offer trading with. This lead the number of animals in their surrounding areas numbers greatly decrease causing scare to their future welfare.

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• In the 1640-1650s the Iroquois planted large attacks leading that most Iroquoians became apart of the Great League.

• The intermixing of cultures between the natives and the Europeans eventually led to disease, war and conflict.

• The Europeans when forced to choose alliances between the Five Nation Iroquois or the north Indians composing of the Montagnais, Algonkins and Huron . The Europeans chose the northern Indians and therefore acquired Southern enemies.

Canada and Iroquoia Ch.5

Canada and Iroquoia Ch. 5• In June 1609, Champlain and nine French soldiers joined a big

allied war party to attack the Iroquoias. After both Indian parties shouted obscenities at each other, the Iroquoias wanted to have the lead in attack and moved in to do so. They were not expecting guns and firearms therefore leading to many casualties and three injured cheifs.

• After this introduction to weapons the Indians learned that their weapons had to match to guns and they wanted to move on to a more modern way of warfare.

• The Europeans were also unable to fully convert the Natives into Christianity like they had hoped for.

• Overall the influence of the Europeans towards the Indians were both good and bad but for the Indians there were mostly bad consequences leading to death, misery, disease, over kill of crop and animals and the constant push to leave their own traditions behind.

French America Ch.16

• By the end of the seventieth century France had founded Louisiana in the lower Mississippi Valley

• In New France seigneurs and emigrants had spurred its slow growth; most were hesitant to move despite the fact that the move would boost their social status

• The French learned after the damage was done that they needed more colonist to defend Quebec from their English rivals

• In 1632 a peace treaty was signed and restored to the French a set of ruins

• The seigneurs that brought the first farm families to Canada were called “habitants”

French America Ch.16• The French put a Military Governor-General and a Catholic

Bishop to govern New France

• The French’s goal was to dominate North America’s core by putting together a network of trading posts between Canada and Louisiana

• The War of the Spanish Succession got in the way and Louisiana was then entrusted to the Company of the Indies.

French America Ch. 16

• With the many emigrants that arrived to the French America were male and arrived in servitude either as soldiers or indentured servants that were called engages. Usually the average term for serving were three years then the engages would be purchased and employed by seigneurs, habitants, merchants or religious orders.

• Most female emigrants came from orphanages in Paris and were known as filles du roi which meant “daughters of the king”. In addition to paying their passage to France the crown provided a cash marriage advance that would look intriguing to the girls since they didn’t have family money.

• Most of France that emigrated to the Americas preferred the warmer climates of the West Indies moving there in about ten times the numbers that were going to Canada.

French America Ch. 16• Indians were forever left dependent

upon the French

• To Supervise tax and product the French officials tried to condense the fur trade only to the forts incept that independent defiant traders known as the courers de bois took their canoes far away to trade at individual villages.

• Despite alliances French America was deemed an utter failure