c l a d d i n gK E T A N A N W E S H A M O H I T H

B U I L D I N G C O N S T R U C T I O N A N D M A T E R I A L S

W h a t ' s A h e a d

1 Purpose of Cladding

3 Placement systems

4 Methods of application

5 Pros and cons

2 Types of Cladding

01 P U R P O S E

protectionandaesthetics

control the infiltration ofweather elements

Observe the egress ofwater vapour

durable, aestheticallypleasing appearance.

sound and thermalinsulation

fire resistancecapacity for cleaning in

dusty, polluted or vandalprone environments.

THE PRIMARY ROLES:

THE SECONDARY ROLES:

02 T Y P E S

inside andoutside

INTERIOR

WWW.EUSS.EDU

• Stone

• Metal

• Timber

• Weather borad

• Fiber Cement

• Brick

• Vinyl

• Terracotta

• Mosaic

• Green Wall

• Glass Curtain Wall

EXTERIOR

• Timber

• PVC

• Back painted Glass

• Wallpaper

• Ceramic

• Stone

TIMBER

Look of elegance and

warmth  

Painted any colour.

P.V.C

Long lasting,

Low maintenance,

Provides stone, timber

look,

Moisture resistant

 Can be used in wet

areas.

BACKPAINTEDGLASS Colour Spray is a

uniquely formulated

resin based paint

system which is ideal

for the back painting of

glass for wall claddings.

CERAMICCLADDING Resists changes in temperature

and atmospheric attack from

pollution, acid rain and smog.

Fixed to the buildings by an

adhesive.

Available in different colours and

style.

Long lasting

Stone sidings are applied tothe exterior walls of buildingsto give it the appearance of asolid stone . elegant , natural ,and earthy

STONECLADDING

Stone cladding is comprisedof thin layers of natural orsimulated stone on theexterior of homes orbuildings.

Stone sidings are applied to

the exterior walls of buildings

to give it the appearance of a

solid stone.

Simple and quick process

Looks elegant and natural

MATERIALSTRAVERTINE LIMESTONE GRANITE

CHARACTER: HAS VOIDS,USUALLY HAS SOME VEINING,

VARIETY OF WARM COLORS

OPTIMAL FOR OUTDOOR USEFOR CLADDING AND POOL

SURROUNDS AS IT ISNATURALLY WATER

RESISTANT AS IT TENDS TOPUSH WATER OUT DUE TO

THE WAY THE STONE ISFORMED

CHARACTER: OFTEN HASVISIBLE FOSSILS EMBEDDED

WITHIN, SOME COLOR VARIETY.

NOT GENERALLY CHOSEN FOROUTDOORS DUE TO ITS

POROSITY AND TENDENCY TOSTAIN BUT IT CAN BE USED

WITH PROPER SEALING

CHARACTER: OFTEN HAS “BUSY”VISUAL TEXTURE IN A VARIETY

OF COLORS.THE HARDNESS OF THE STONE

MAKES GRANITE THE MOSTPOPULAR CHOICE FOR ANY

OUTDOOR APPLICATIONS ANDEXTERIOR CLADDING

MATERIALS

ONYXSLATE

TRANSLUCENT, CAN RANGEFROM GOLD AND ORANGES

TO GREEN. APPLICATIONS : WALL AND

DECORATIVE

CHARACTER: ROUGH TEXTURE,MOSTLY GREYS, BUT SOME

VARIETIES HAVE DRAMATICSOME COLOR VARIATION.

GREAT FOR OUTDOOR USE

THESE STONES AREAVAILABLE IN THE FORMOF TILES OR PANELS INTHE CASE OF LARGER

NATURAL STONES AND INTHE FORM OF MESH

MOUNTED PANELS IN THECASE SMALLER OR MORE

BRITTLE STONES.

THEY ARE FIXED TO THEDESIGNATED AREAS WITHCEMENT AND PLASTER OR

ADHESIVE ASRECOMMENDED BY THE

VENDOR.

STONE FINISHES

NATURAL CLEFT POLISHED HONED

Natural Cleft Unique to slate &sandstones, it has a slightlyuneven surface that is stillusable for flooring. This finishcannot be created, but occursnaturally as the layers arequarried.

Grinding, sanding, and buffingproduces a high gloss, mirror-likesurface. Polishing can be done onlyon crystallized stones. it enhancesthe color and markings of thematerial.

Grinding and sanding produces asmooth, yet not glossy finish. Thisis best for low maintenance, hightraffic applications. Honed finishesunlike polished finishes are notreflective. The honed finish is asatin smooth surface with littlelight reflection.

STONE FINISHES

SANDBLASTED SPLIT FACE VENEER BASED

This is a rough, but tidy lookcreated by applying a highpressure blast of sand to thestone's surface.

Mainly used for cladding, this isachieved by splitting stone eitherby hand or by machine so that thesurface exhibits a natural quarrytexture.

Any stone used as a decorativefacing material as wall claddingwhich is not meant to beload-bearing. Veneer may be madefrom different finishes, such assplit face, cleft, honed, polished,flamed or tumbled.

SOLID STONE CLADDING

SOLID STONE SIDING IS ONE OF THE OLDEST TYPES OFSIDING AVAILABLE

IT OFFERS HIGH LEVEL OF PROTECTION AND ALMOSTNO MAINTENANCE IS REQUIRED.

DUE TO BEING REAL STONE IT WILL NOT BE DAMAGEDFROM DIRECT SUNLIGHT AND SO IT WON’T PEEL OVERTIME OR LOOSE ITS NATURAL COLOR.

NATURAL STONE IS ALSO STRONG ENOUGH TOPROTECT THE INTERIOR OF YOUR HOUSE FROMNATURAL ELEMENTS. IN THIS WAY YOU CAN COMBINEBEAUTY WITH PROPER PROTECTION.

TYPES

NATURAL STONE VENEER

SIMILAR TO SOLID STONE SIDING, NATURAL STONECLADDING IS MADE FROM REAL STONE PROCESSEDTHROUGH SPECIAL DIAMOND BLADED SAWS TO CUTOFF THE OUTSIDE LAYER.THE NATURAL STONE CLADDING IS NOT A FULL STONE,BUT RATHER A SLAB OF STONE THAT CAN BE AFFIXEDTO THE SIDE OF AN EXISTING STRUCTURE.

THIS PRODUCES VENEERS WITH NOMINALTHICKNESSES OF31-37 MM [1 1/4 TO 1 1/2 INCHES]AT AN AVERAGE WEIGHT OF 50-75KG/SQM(DEPENDING ON STONE SELECTION).

TYPES

PROS

Stone is impenetrable and will last a

lifetime

The look and feel of real stone

is unmatched.

Stone veneer gives you a similar look of

stone but about half the cost

Resistant to moisture, extreme

temperatures, insects, and fire

Zero maintenance other than being cleaned

with a pressure washer

Installing natural

stone requires heavy

labor and installation

time driving up the

cost

Stone veneer can have

the same moisture

problems as stucco

CONS

S T E P   1 :   C A L C U L A T I N GM A T E R I A L S

H O W   M U C H   S T O N E   D O   Y O UN E E D ?B E G I N   B Y   F I G U R I N G   T H ES Q U A R E   F O O T A G E   O F   T H EA R E A   Y O U   P L A N   T O   C O V E RW I T H   S T O N E   ( L E N G T H   XH E I G H T ) .   I F   Y O U R   P R O J E C TI N C L U D E S   C O R N E R   S T O N E S ,D E D U C T   1   S Q U A R E   F O O T   F O RE A C H   L I N E A R   F O O T   O FC O R N E R S   T H A T   Y O U   W I L LU T I L I Z E .

INSTALLATION:

WET CLADDING

M O R T A R   J O I N T   S I Z EO N E   A S P E C T   T O   C O N S I D E R

W H E N   C A L C U L A T I N G   Y O U RM A T E R I A L S   I S   T H E   S I Z EO F   T H E   M O R T A R   J O I N TB E T W E E N   T H E   P I E C E S   O FS T O N E .   M O S T   S T O N E   I SP A C K A G E D   A S S U M I N G   A1 / 2 “   [ 1 3 M M ]   M O R T A RJ O I N T .   I F   Y O U R   J O I N TW I L L   V A R Y   ( S U C H   A S   AD R Y - S T A C K   O R   O V E RG R O U T   A P P L I C A T I O N )A D J U S T   Y O U R   E S T I M A T E SA C C O R D I N G L Y .

INSTALLATION:

WET CLADDING

S T E P   2 :   S U R F A C E   P R E P A R A T I O NS T O N E   V E N E E R   C A N   B E

I N S T A L L E D   D I R E C T L Y   T OT H E S E   S U R F A C E S   I F   C L E A NA N D   A B S E N T   O F   A N Y   P A I N TO R   D E B R I S

S U R F A C E S   T H A T   H A V E   B E E NP A I N T E D   M U S T   B E   S A N DB L A S T E D   O R   O T H E R W I S ES T R I P P E D   O F   P A I N T .   S U R F A C EM U S T   B E   F R E E   O F   P A I N T ,D U S T ,   O R   D I R T .

I F   C L E A N I N G   O F   S U R F A C E   I ST O O   D I F F I C U L T ,   M E T A L   L A T HM A Y   B E   A F F I X E D   T O   T H ES U R F A C E   W I T H   C O N C R E T EN A I L S

S T E P   3 :   S C R A T C H   C O A T

  A   S C R A T C H   C O A T   W I L L   B EN E E D E D   W H E N   M E T A L   L A T H   I SU S E D .   T H I S   S T E P   I S   N O TN E C E S S A R Y   W H E N   A P P L Y I N GS T O N E   V E N E E R   T O   A C L E A N E DC O N C R E T E ,   M A S O N R Y ,   O RS T U C C O   S U R F A C E .

A P P L Y I N G   T H E   S C R A T C H   C O A TI F   A   S C R A T C H   C O A T   I SN E C E S S A R Y ,   U S E   A   M A S O N R YT R O W E L   T O   A P P L Y   A   1 3 M ML A Y E R O F   C E M E N T   O V E R   Y O U RM E T A L   L A T H .  

S T E P   4 :   A P P L Y I N G   T H E   S T O N E B E F O R E   A P P L Y I N G   T H E   S T O N E ,I T   I S   A   G O O D   I D E A   T O   L A Y   T H ES T O N E   O U T   F L A T   T OD E T E R M I N E   T H E   S I Z I N G   A N DC O L O R S   O F   E A C H   I N D I V I D U A LP I E C E ,   H O W   T H E Y   W I L L   B EL A I D   A N D     I F   A N Y   T R I M M I N GI S   N E C E S S A R Y .   A T T E M P T   T OK E E P   J O I N T S   A   C O N S I S T E N TH E I G H T   A N D   W I D T H .N O R M A L L Y   V E R T I C A L   A N DH O R I Z O N T A L   J O I N T S   S H O U L DB E   S T A G G E R E D   T O   P R E V E N TL O N G ,   U N B R O K E N   L I N E S   T H A TM A Y   D R A W   T H E   E Y E   T O   AP A R T I C U L A R   A R E A .

S T E P   5 :   G R O U T I N G   &   T O O L I N G 

O N C E   T H E   S T O N E   H A S   B E E NA F F I X E D   T O   T H E   S C R A T C H   C O A TU S I N G   M O R T A R ,   T H E   J O I N T S ,   O RG A P S   B E T W E E N   T H E   S T O N E ,W I L L   B E   F I L L E D   W I T H   G R O U T .