gps gsm based vehicle tracking system seminar

A

Seminar Report

on

GPS -GSM Based VehicleTracking System

Submitted By:

Patil Harshal Rajendra

BE [Electronics & Telecommunication]

Guided By:

Prof. M. B. Barawkar

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication

R. C. Patel Institute of Technology,

Shirpur-425405

2015-16

Shirpur Education Societys

R. C. Patel Institute of Technology,Shirpur, Dist-Dhule

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Patil Harshal Rajendra from BE [E&TC] has

satisfactorily carried out seminar work onGPS -GSM Based Ve-

hicle Tracking System and submitted the report in the premises

of Department of Electronics & Telecommunication under the guid-

ance of Prof. M. B. Barawkar during year 2015-2016.

Date:

Place: Shirpur

Seminar Guide Coordinator

Head of Department Principal

Acknowledgement

I take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude towards the Depart-

ment of E&TC RCPIT, Shirpur that gave me an opportunity for presentation of my

seminar in their esteemed organization.

It is a privilege for me to have been associated with Prof. M. B. Barawkar,

my guide during seminar work. I have been greatly benefited by her valuable sug-

gestion and ideas. It is with great pleasure that I express my deep sense of gratitude

to her for her valuable guidance, constant encouragement and patience throughout

this work.

I express my gratitude to Prof. Dr. P. J. Deore [HOD E & TC] for his

constant encouragement, co-operation and support and also thankful to all people

who have contributed in their own way in making this seminar success.

I take this opportunity to thank all the classmates for their company during the

course work and for useful discussion I had with them.

Under these responsible and talented personalities I was efficiently able to com-

plete my seminar in time with success.

Patil Harshal Rajendra

Abstract

A vehicle tracking system combines the installation of an electronic device in

a vehicle, or fleet vehicles, with purpose-designed computer software to enable the

owner or a third party to track the vehicles location, collecting data in the process.

Modern vehicle tracking systems commonly use Global Positioning System (GPS)

technology for locating the vehicle, but other types of automatic vehicle location

technology can also be used. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps

via the Internet or specialized software. In the main they are easy to steal, and the

average motorist has very little knowledge of what it is all about. To avoid this kind

of steal we are going to implement a system it provides more security to the vehicle.

Existing System: In the previous system security lock and alarm is implemented in

a car. If a burglar can break open the lock, then it becomes easy for the burglar

to steal the car. And in old security system if the car is stolen then it is out of

the owner control. User doesnt have any awareness about the current location of

the vehicle.The Proposed System: The RF transmitter is attached with the vehi-

cle which has its own identification. This data will be continuously transmitted to

the RF receiver connected to the microcontroller. This GPS will be location the

position of vehicle and transmit that data to the microcontroller. Suppose the RF

receiver not receiving signal from the transmitting unit, receiver unit send the signal

to the microcontroller, from that we can identify the theft. If the vehicle is theft

it automatically sends location of the vehicle to its owner as a SMS through GSM

modem. This will be a much simpler and low cost technique compared to others. If

a password like SMS is sent by the owner, it automatically stops the vehicle.

Contents

List of Figures iii

1 Introduction 1

2 History of Vehicle Tracking 32.1 Early Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3 Hardware Design 63.1 GSM Specifications: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.1.1 Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1.2 Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1.3 Access Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.1.4 Transmission Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.1.5 Frequency Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.1.6 Channel Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.1.7 Speech Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.1.8 Duplex Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.2 GSM Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.3 GPS Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.4 Receiver Features: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.5 Working of GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4 Methodology 124.1 Working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.2 Block Diagram and its Discription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.3 Concept and Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5 Applications 15

6 Advantages and Disadvantages 176.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.2 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

i

7 Conclusion and Future Scope 207.1 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207.2 Future Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

References 22

ii

List of Figures

1.1 GPS tracking of vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

3.1 General block diagram of GSM modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.2 GSM modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.3 GPS reciever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4.1 Block diagram of vehicle tracking system using GPS and GSM . . . . 13

iii

Chapter 1

Introduction

Vehicle Tracking System (VTS) is the technology used to determine the location

of a vehicle using different methods like GPS and other radio navigation systems

operating through satellites and ground based stations. By following triangulation

or trilateration methods the tracking system enables to calculate easy and accurate

location of the vehicle. Vehicle information like location details, speed, distance

traveled etc. can be viewed on a digital mapping with the help of a software via

Internet. Even data can be stored and downloaded to a computer from the GPS

unit at a base station and that can later be used for analysis. This system is an

important tool for tracking each vehicle at a given period of time and now it is

becoming increasingly popular for people having expensive cars and hence as a theft

prevention and retrieval device.

Figure 1.1: GPS tracking of vehicle

i. The system consists of modern hardware and software components enabling

one to track their vehicle online or offline. Any vehicle tracking system consists

1

RCPIT, Shirpur Department of Electronics & Telecommunication

of mainly three parts mobile vehicle unit, fixed based station and, database and

software system.

ii. Vehicle Unit: It is the hardware component attached to the vehicle having

either a GPS/GSM modem. The unit is configured around a primary modem that

functions with the tracking software by receiving signals from GPS satellites or radio

station points with the help of antenna. The controller modem converts the data

and sends the vehicle location data to the server.

iii. Fixed Based Station: Consists of a wireless network to receive and forward

the data to the data center. Base stations are equipped with tracking software and

geographic map useful for determining the vehicle location. Maps of every city and

landmarks are available in the based station that has an in-built Web Server.

iv. Database and Software: The position information or the coordinates of each

visiting points are stored in a database, which later can be viewed in a display screen

using digital maps. However, the users have to connect themselves to the web server

with the respective vehicle ID stored in the database and only then s/he can view

the location of vehicle traveled.

GPS -GSM based Asset tracking system 2

Chapter 2

History of Vehicle Tracking

GPS or Global Positioning Systems were designed by the United States Gov-

ernment and military, which the design was intended to be used as surveillance.

After several years went by the government signed a treaty to allow civilians to buy

GPS units also only the civilians would get precise downgraded ratings. Years after

the Global Positioning Systems were developed the military controlled the systems

despite that civilians could still purchase them in stores. In addition, despite that

Europe has designed its own systems called the Galileo the US military still has

complete control. GPS units are also called tracking devices that are quite costly

still. As more of these devices develop however the more affordable the GPS can

be purchased. Despite of the innovative technology and designs of the GPS today

the devices has seen some n