HEALTH BENEFITS OF DRINKING COFFEE

Robert .S Francisco

Are there health benefits in coffee?• What benefits does a consumer of coffee receive?

• How many cups must be consumed per days to benefit?

• Who beyond coffee drinkers can benefit from Coffee?

• What other beverage may have the same benefits?

• Are there coffee supplements?

Coffee• Coffee is one of the worlds most popular beverages.

• 2.25 billion cups of coffee consumed a day• In the 1970’s coffee was the second most valuable commodity

exported by developing countries

• Coffee being largely consumed worldwide has intrigued the medical field. Dementia/Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) are public health problems that are rapidly increasing in the aging population. Due to the high consumption of coffee, even small effects on an individual’s health could have a large effect on public health.

Coffee• Many research have unearth benefits, However these

findings may not be used as a medical treatment, please always consult your physician.

Type 2 Diabetes• Type 2 diabetes

• Insulin resistance, one that cannot maximize the insulin produced by the pancreas to convert glucose into energy or stored fat.

• The result is glucose builds up in the blood system.

• Coffee reduces the risk of Type 2 Diabetes

• Raw or unroasted coffee contains natural antioxidants (Chlorogenic Acids) CGA, which are said to have antibacterial properties and many more. However 90% may be damaged in the roasting process.

Type 2 Diabetes• Raw coffee is processed with out roasting to obtain

these Chlorogenic Acids CGA

• “Green Coffee Extract”

• Green coffee extract has a high level of Chlorogenic Acids that inhibit the excess production of sugar or glucose in the body that reduces the risk of diabetes, high blood sugar.

• CGA has anti-inflammatory properties similar to the administration of ibuprofen

Caffeine is a CNS “Central Nervous System” stimulant

• Promotes alertness and stamina, consuming caffeine before workout or doing any athletic activity slows down the adenosine that causes muscle fatigue. This makes you move faster and endure more.

• Caffeine level can range 70-130mg / 150ml in Arabica and 120-220mg / 150ml in Robusta coffee.

• Caffeine is easily absorbed, it takes effect within15-45 minutes from intake and may be expelled by the body within 3-4 hours. However, it may vary from person to person.

Caffeine is a CNS “Central Nervous System” stimulant

• The caffeine level in a cup also varies depending on the beverage consumed and its blend.• Espresso: 0.5mg to 3.3mg /ml• Drip / filter: 0.7mg to 1.1 / ml• Instant: 0.2mg to 1.0mg/ml

Alzheimer’s AD • In CAIDE (Cardiovascular Risk Factor, Aging and

Dementia) study, drinking 3-5 cups a day at midlife (age 50.4 yrs.) was associated with a decrease risk of Dementia / Alzheimer’s AD by about 65% at late life.

• Studies found that caffeine improves attention span

Alzheimer’s AD • 3 out of 5 studies support that Caffeine’s favorable

effect against cognitive decline, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease

• The purported reason is that caffeine keeps the dopamine in the system active or at a stable level. Dopamine is the chemical that activates the pleasure centers in the brain, which enhances movement and memory

• Caffeine is able to reverse the effects of cognitive aging by stimulating the energy resources of elderly subjects

Cardiovascular Disease CVD• Habitual intake of coffee and high level of caffeine is

said to reduce the risk of CVD Cardiovascular Disease – as long as you do not already have it in the first place. That is because caffeine is an antioxidant, and antioxidants prevent heart ailments.

• Consumption of coffee, a major source of dietary antioxidants, may inhibit inflammation and thereby reduce the risk of cardiovascular and other inflammatory diseases in postmenopausal women.

Cardiovascular Disease CVD• Habitual intake of coffee provides protection against the

risk of heart disease mortality among elderly participants in this prospective epidemiologic analysis.

• Coffee consumption is not associated with an increased risk of hypertension

Coronary Heart Disease CHD• Findings do not support the hypothesis that coffee

consumption increases the long-term risk of coronary heart disease. Habitual moderate coffee drinking was associated with a lower risk of CHD.

Cholesterol Level• The effects on cholesterol levels are transient and are

reduced after the cessation of consumption.• The brew and caffeine from paper filter filtered coffee is

not linked to increased levels of cholesterol.• Paper filter absorbed the oils called terpenes that

increases cholesterol• However, those that drink unfiltered coffee may have

the risk of elevated cholesterol from the coffee oils called terpenes.

Parkinson’s Disease PD• Findings based on observing and studying persons with

PD indicate that increased intake of coffee and / or caffeine is associated with the decrease or lower incidence of PD

• The purported reason is that caffeine keeps the dopamine in the system active or at a stable level. Dopamine is the chemical that activates the pleasure centers in the brain, which enhances movement and memory.

Breast Cancer• According to a study published in the Jan. 1 edition of

the International Journal of Cancer, Reuters Health reports, women who have a specific genetic mutation that greatly increases the chance of being diagnosed with the disease, Coffee consumption reduces breast cancer risk for women with the genetic mutation

• According to the Study, women who drank six or more cups of caffeinated coffee per day were 69% less likely to develop breast cancer than women who drank no coffee.

Gallstones (or gallbladder disease) • A small trial showed that consumption of 165ml (or one

large cup) of a standard coffee brew raised plasma cholecystokinin levels and triggered gallbladder contraction.

• In this instance, gallbladder contractions are likely to be beneficial by coffee and caffeine preventing or delaying the development of gallstones.

Liver Cancer• In 2016, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

published an updated review of the scientific evidence related to coffee and cancer, concluding that the research suggests an inverse association between coffee consumption and liver cancer.

• Epidemiological studies show an inverse association between coffee consumption and liver cancer. The findings suggest that an increased consumption of coffee may reduce the risk of liver cancer.

• Overall, an increase in consumption of 2 cups of coffee per day is associated with a 43% reduced risk of liver cancer amongst populations who typically consume anything from 1 to over 5 cups per day.

Weight Loss• The scientific evidence about caffeine as a weight-control

agent is mixed. In a study done to monitor the impact of caffeine on weight loss and maintenance, participants were divided into those who consume low levels of caffeine (<300 mg/day) and high-caffeine consumers (>300 mg/day). Weight loss was significantly higher in the high-caffeine consumption group, but weight maintenance was higher in the low-caffeine consumption group. The conclusion was that the caffeine was related to greater weight loss, higher thermogenesis, and fat oxidation

• Chlorogenic Acids as a weight loss supplement, it also reduces the development of stored fat. Combined with caffeine which can enhance the metabolic rate to 11%

At the end of the day… • Always consult your physician

• However being very positive result, these studies and finding are continuously subjected to further research

• The effect of consuming coffee and its benefits vary from consumer to consumer and volume of intake

• Lastly, should coffee have no health benefits, but simply sipping and enjoying a cup coffee alone or among friends makes you feel good and puts a smile on your face, makes you laugh, makes you enjoy the day, that makes coffee all worth it and the greatest beverage.

References:• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3834513/• Toxicology Research – Korean Society of Toxicology “Possible Health Effects of Caffeinated Coffee

Consumption on Alzheimer's Disease and Cardiovascular Disease” • Caffeinated beverage intake and the risk of heart disease mortality in the elderly: a prospective

analysis• Consumption of coffee is associated with reduced risk of death attributed to inflammatory and

cardiovascular diseases in the Iowa Women's Health Study• http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/expert-blog/caffeine-and-blood-sugarCoffee &

Health, The Institute for scientific information • http://coffeeandhealth.org/topic-overview/topic-overview/• Women's Health / Gynecology Article Date: 05 Jan 2006• http://www.healthline.com/health/caffeine-effects-on-body• http://www.medicinenet.com/caffeine/article.htm• https://examine.com/supplements/chlorogenic-acid/• https://authoritynutrition.com/green-coffee-bean-extract-review/• Coffee consumption and risk of coronary heart diseases: A meta-analysis of 21 prospective cohort

studies ☆• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167527308008498• http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/early/2013/03/14/STROKEAHA.111.677500• Coffee Consumption and Risk of Stroke: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies• https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/174/9/993/168426/Coffee-Consumption-and-Risk-of-Stroke-A-

Dose