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Lesson 2, GCSE Humanities, WJEC
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Population Clock
How many people are there in the world NOW?
Learning Objectives
• You will understand these key concepts: Population change, birth and death rates, the demographic cycle, using the correct key terms.
• You should be able to describe how different factors influence population size
• You may be able to give specific examples of countries at different stages of the demographic cycle
What factors influence birth & death rates?
Women have a better education now and careers. They have less time for a family and have fewer children
Women have a better education now and careers. They have less time for a family and have fewer children
Better roads and communications mean that food and emergency services can reach all areas of the country, so fewer people die.
Better roads and communications mean that food and emergency services can reach all areas of the country, so fewer people die.
Several religions encourage big families
Several religions encourage big families
Diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, cholera and typhoid can cause many deaths.
Diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, cholera and typhoid can cause many deaths.
Parents want to buy things for their children, so they have a small family and can spend their money on just 1 or 2 children.
Parents want to buy things for their children, so they have a small family and can spend their money on just 1 or 2 children.
So many children die before they are 5 years old that parents have lots of babies in the hope that at least some will survive.
So many children die before they are 5 years old that parents have lots of babies in the hope that at least some will survive.
No wonder so many babies are born – there’s no family planning or birth control available.
No wonder so many babies are born – there’s no family planning or birth control available.
Improved medical care and more doctors and nurses produce lower death rates.
Improved medical care and more doctors and nurses produce lower death rates.
Clean water and proper sewage systems keep people healthy
Clean water and proper sewage systems keep people healthy
Few doctors and hospitals mean that even simple injuries and illnesses can kill.
Few doctors and hospitals mean that even simple injuries and illnesses can kill.
Poor farmers need lots of children to help them work the land and help earn money.
Poor farmers need lots of children to help them work the land and help earn money.
A big family is a kind of insurance policy, making sure that there are children and grandchildren to look after you when you are old.
A big family is a kind of insurance policy, making sure that there are children and grandchildren to look after you when you are old.
Influence birth or death rates?
Clean water and proper sewage systems keep people healthy
Clean water and proper sewage systems keep people healthy
So many children die before they are 5 years old that parents have lots of babies in the hope that at least some will survive.
So many children die before they are 5 years old that parents have lots of babies in the hope that at least some will survive.
Increase or
decrease?
Why?
Factors influencing population growth
Impact on population size
Birth rate Death rate
increase
decrease
World map by population size
World map by number of Births
• Notice how Japan, Europe and the US shrinks?
More children are born each year in Africa than are born in the Americas, all of Europe and Japan put together. Worldwide, more than a third of a million new people will be born on your birthday this year.
How have population growth patterns changed?
Stages• Stage 1
Birth rate and death rate are high - low natural increase - low total population
• Stage 2 Birth rate is high - death rate is falling - high natural increase (population growth)
• Stage 3
• Falling birth rate - low death rate - high natural increase (population growth)
• Stage 4Birth rate and death rate is low - low natural increase - high total population
ILA
• Stick your copy of the demographic transition model onto a double page in your book.
• Use the links on the blog.to annotate/ explain what the model is showing
• The web address for the blog is http//geographylost.blogspot.com or ‘google’ geographylost.
