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Ken Lambrecht DVM Medical Director West Towne Veterinary Center
Presented to Madison Veterinary SpecialistsFebruary 25, 2015
1. Excess weight can reduce longevity and quality of life
Kealy et al JAVMA 2002
2. Hormones & inflammation caused by fat lead to a state of chronicinflammation
Wakschlag et al Br J Nutr 2011
3. Excess weight leads to skin, respiratory, renal disease, diabetes, orthopedicdisease and cancer
LaFlamme J Anim Science 2012
1. Veterinarians need to become GREAT at weight management
2. Food manufacturers need to be MORE accountable and transparent
3. Organized veterinary medical groups (AAHA, AVMA, WSAVA,ACVN, NAVTA etc) need to CONTINUE to cooperate.
Increasing rates of obesity & obesity related disease
arthritisdiabetesurinary diseaseIBD, Lymphoma?
courtesy of Catalystcouncil.org
CCL tears, hip dysplasia
Diabetes, cancer
Quality & quantity of life
AAFP/AAHA Feline Life Stage Guidelines 2010
AAHA Nutritional Guidelines 2010
AAHA Canine Life Stage Guidelines 2012
WSAVA Nutritional Guidelines Guidelines 2011
AAHA Weight Management Guidelines 2014
"Up to 59% of dogs and cats are overweight, making this the mostcommon nutritional disorder identified in veterinary practice"
NOT the internet
NOT the teenage clerk at local PetSmart
NOT the owner of local pet boutique
"The veterinarian is the preferred source of pet nutritional information"
"Obesity may occur at any age, but is most commonly encountered inmiddle age cats"
American College of Veterinary Nutritionists (ACVN)American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA)American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMAWorld Small Animal Association (WSAVA)Canadian Veterinary Medical Association (CVMA)National Association of Veterinary Technicians Association(NAVTA)American Academy of Veterinary Nutrition (AAVN)
Do pets have to get to this point before we address the issue?
American College of Veterinary Nutrition
Questions & Answers & Myths for PetOwners
Education & Exam Room Tools forVeterinarians
Supervised by board certified veterinarynutritionists
Relaunch in June 2015
https://indoorpet.osu.edu/http://www.petobesityprevention.com/ http://catalystcouncil.org/
In December 2010 the AVMA added "prevention ofdisease" to the veterinary oath.
This is a 100% preventable problem!
Prevention begins with puppies & kittens(Effect of neutering, how much to feed, exercise, etc)
Challenge continues especially at middle age
1. How to PREVENT
2. How to ASSESS (TOOLS)
3. How to CHOOSE an appropriate diet and CALCULATE what a pet needs (TOOLS)
4. How much & what EXERCISE & ACTIVITY (STRATEGIES)
5. COMMUNICATION (DIALOGUES)
1) Visual BCS Score and trending weight graph
2) EASILY calculated Resting Energy Requirement(RER) and minimum protein levels
3) EASILY accesible calorie & protein levels
little or no fat covering ribs
defined body waist
minimal abdominal fat (ideal = 20%)
What is most important?
"We are the pets advocate"
...period!
Purina’s BCS for Dogs
Fist/knuckles Katherine Michel DACVN
One year body weight
When your friends and neighbors tell you your pet looks too thin….....you’re almost there! Julie Churchill DACVN
1) Verbal and written food recommendation
2) Written calories and cups/cans to feed
3) Measuring cup/food scale?
4) Commercial handout
5) Diary of food intake & exercise
% overweight
RER calculation/chart
Protein calculations
A 72# Labrador whose ideal body weight (IBW)is 60# is 12/60 or 20% overweight
A 9# DSH whose IBW is 7.5 # is 1.5/7.5 or 20%overweight
Dogs need 2.5 gm protein for every kg of IBW topreserve lean muscle mass during weight loss
Cats need 5.0 gm for every kg of IBW topreserve lean muscle mass during weight loss
NOT ADEQUATE
1) 30 lb Dog that is 8 lbs 0verweight (36% over IBW) 10 kg IBW
2) Food has 21% crude protein and 3,490 kcal/kg (from label or internet)
3) RER in kcal/day = 30 x (ideal BW[kg]) + 70
RER in kcal/day = 30 x (10) + 70 = 370 * 0.8 = 296
4) Grams Protein in food = (% crude protein/kcal/kg of food) X 10,000=g/1000 kcal 21/3,490 x 10,000 = 60 g/1000 kcal
5) Minimum daily protein requirement = 2.5g/kg for dogs = 25 g for 10 kg dog
296 kcal of this food has 296/1000 or 29.6% of 60 g = 18 gm
NOT SUFFICIENT
1) A Cat that is 14 lbs is 3 lbs over weight (21.4%) 5 kg ideal weight (11 lbs)
2) Food with 31% crude protein and 3490 Cal/kg
3) RER in kcal/day = 30 x (ideal BW[kg]) + 70 30 x (5) + 70 = 220 kCal 220 * 0.8 = 176 220 * 0.7 = 154 220 * 0.6 = 132
4) G of protein in food (% crude protein/kcal/kg food) X 10,000 = g/1000 kcal31/3490 X 10,000 = 90 g/1000 kcal
5) Cats daily protein requirement 5g protein /kg 5kg cat = 25 grams
6) 154 Kcal/day of this food 15.4 % of 90 g = 13.9 grams
Protein content
Wet vs dry
Rx vs OTC
Satiety factors
Up to 20% over ideal (BCS up to 3.5/5 or 6/9) = OTC food if no otherproblems)
If 20%-30% over their ideal (BCS 4/5 or 7/9) = Prescription food orhigh protein OTC food
Over 30% over their ideal = Rx food only
When: over 20% of their ideal weight (BCS 7/9 and 4/5)
Why: to insure adequate protein and insuremicronutrients and vitamins
Satiety factors??
Limit treats to 10% of total daily caloric intake
Sources: Association for Prevention of PetObesity, human food apps, internet
PNA app someday ??
Dogs 1-2% per week
60 lb dog 0.6 to 1.2 lbs/week
Cats 0.05 to 2.0% per week
15 lb cat (240 ounces) 1.2 to 4.8 ounces/week
goal = preserve lean muscle mass
"promote behaviors that aid in sustainable weightloss"
caloric expenditure (1 kcal/kg/km) e.g. at brisk walk45 kg dog will burn about 250 kcal in 5K
www.heyrex.com
A fitbit for dogs & cats!
studyThe PP Exercising Together (PPET) Study is the first trial to show thatoverweight owners and their overweight companion animals can lose weighttogether and that companion dogs can serve as social support during the weightloss period.
study details
They are hunters ......period!
Strict Calorie control
Protein is a HUGE issue!
Kickoff at our Pet Wellness Fair Saturday March 7th 12:30 to 2 PM
8 week Contest
$1000 in prizes
We donate $5 for each pound of weight lost for dogs and $20 for catsto local rescues
Biggest 4 pawed Loser category (Dogs & Cats more than 20% overideal)
Iron Dogs & Iron Cats (between 5 and 20% over ideal)
Dogs further divided in over 40# and under 40#
Dog Packs & Cat Prides (3 or more in a team challenge)
30 to 47 final contestants each year
0.8 to 0.9 % weight loss per week
over $3000 donated to rescues total inpast 3 contests
Getting pet owner buy in (us included!) (DIALOGUES)
Respect the client pet bond (DIALOGUES)
Emotional nature of feeding pets (STRATEGIES)
Difficulty in choosing food, finding calories etc (TOOLS)
Great client communication skills
Make sure we use latest evidence based information
Constant reassessment
Keep it light & fun!
Next wednesday night
March 4th
5:30 to 6:30 PM
Weigh in for contest & cat friendly nutrition discussion!
