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P G Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, DH
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*** SAR OF HIS PROJEC GUENBERG EBOOKDIALOGUESNAURAL RELIGION ***
P C C. HML A H.
C, x J S. W, 1779 .
PDF 1.0
D: 19 M 2012 12:40 AM
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http://www.gutenberg.net/http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/current/tmp/scratch_3/[email protected]://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/current/tmp/scratch_3/[email protected]://www.gutenberg.net/8/2/2019 Hume Dialogues
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Dialogues ConcerningNatural Religion
by
David Hume
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David Hume (1779)
PAMPHILUS TO HERMIPPUS
It , Hermippus,
, -
,
.
A , ,
x q,
;
, , x
; , ,
.
SYSEM , ;
- ,
, -
, Author Reader, ,
Pedagogue Pupil. O, -
,
,
,
,
, , ,
, , .
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
? W , , , , - ? B, , q - nature D B, , , ? T ;
.B , q ; , , , .
T I , I , , CLEANHES, PHILO DEMEA, I . Y , , x, I , , x
, . T x; Cleanthes - Philo, - x x Demea.M ; , ,
T , , - , .
A , obvious , impor-tant , q ; ;
-; , , .
A q , , obscure uncertain, x ; , . R , . O, ,
; , , , ; , .
H, NAURAL RELIGION. W -, , being G, - ,
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- , , I , I .
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
PART I.
A I , I Cleanthes , Demea Cleanthes
-,
.T Pamphilus, , : T ; , . Y , I , , .I , , x, I , I . T I , Tat students o philosophy ought rst to learn logics,
then ethics, next physics, last o all the nature o the gods.
*
T , , , q ; , .
A , Philo, - ? I ,
*C P: : S
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
; , , . T q, x, - ; , , - . B Cleanthes , I , , , , , x . L Demeas : L , , :L -, : L ; ; , , x, , , ; , q ,
.W , ; , , x?W , x; , I , x,
? I , Demea, , I N T. , ; , I x, I . W , I ;
; -; , , . H -, I ; , .
Y , Philo, - , ;
q - . B I -, , , - -, , , . T, , , q q, - ,
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
I , Philo, , , , , , , , . Ex ; ; - ; - ,
, . A ? T , . S , , Pyrrhonians; , , x, , - , .
I ,
Stoics Pyrrhonians, - ; x, T -, , , . W , S -, , species , ; , ,
; , ?
W Philo , I Demea Clean-thes. T Demea - : B, Cleanthes, I ; -
Philo.
Y , Philo, Cleanthes, ; , x q, -, q .W , , : W , ;
, ; , , - x. A , Demea, ,I , - . I , , , : I , , , ; , , , .
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
, I , , , .
- , , I , , , ; ,
. I , , . H - , , , - ; - ; x q, , ;
philosophy . -, ; x , , , x .
B : ,
, x . I , , , , , . B ? T x, ; ; ; philosopher
plebeian.
I Stoics Skeptics, Philo. B , , , S, , , , ; S , . T , Zeno, x .
V W P.Y P, , ; xF H,
W P, .
I , , ; -
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
; , , , x. B , , , , -
. T .T ; , .
B I , Cleanthes, ,Philo, , . W - , , ; I , ,
. I , , Newtonx , x ; , , -? A , , Coper-nicus Galileo , , ,
; ; x ; S x ; , -, , , : W - , q . S , , , -, , , x, -, , , . B, , ; , , , , , , , q . W , -, -
. W ;, , , , - .
A , , ,
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
. A , I , ? W
-
,
? I q ?
O , , ; -
; , ,
x, , , -. Y , -
. I
: I
: I . Y , , ,
x ,
, , .
I
*, , S
: T . I ,, (I ),
. B , I
, I x
. A , , ,
.
* LArte de penser
x ?
T -, , , q . T - , ; ,
, , T , . T , Euclid. B - . T ; , . T -,
x . L - . T . B x . T . T -, , , q, , . T , , ,
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
C-. T R , ; x , . A - * , R , x , - C, ,
Pyrrhonism. Locke C- , aith species ; ; , , , -, , . T Bayle , M. Locke: A , -
, A S .A - , I .
D , Philo, x Lord Bacon ? T , Cleanthes, A: A . T
* Monsr. Huet
I , . T , , , .O , - -. M ; , , -
. T Copernican x, , , : q . A Philo, x -, , , , , ?
A , , Demea, . A , C, , , , , q. A - ;
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
Stoics, Platonists, Peripatetics, Pyr-rhonians Academics. I , .T, , ; , , , .
I , Cleanthes,
, ; - x. A, , , , , A, L, F .
, Philo. B I -, , David , G, , A ; G, , -. S , -, , , .
B ,I , - . I , . D , , , A, D, , - q , q . E
, q , - . B , -, , , - , ,
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PART II.
I , Cleanthes, Demea, ,
. B -,
B G, A I; - . B , I , q . N , , I , -. T q BEING, NAURE GOD. T, I , - , - . T M, , x,
; , B, . F,, , ; , , , , , . T . I . A, x
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
A , Demea, Philo, , , , x .B , , q Being,
Nature, D. T , , q -. N x ; (
) God; . W , , , , , . B , B, -. Wisdom, Tought, Design, Knowledge; ; ,
x . B , , q . H ; , .
I , Cleanthes, ,
x, , .
B piety philosophy, I , , . I , , C-, - : B I , ,
q . I FMalebranche, , I , x *.O , , G , x , . H B : O . B , , , Anthropomorphites, - ; , G ,
, . W , .... , : T , He that is; , ,B , A B, B .
* Recherche de la Verite. Liv. 3. Chap.9
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riori, , x D, .
I , Cleanthes, Demea, , , I D ; I . W! N B G! N ! N a priori!A , , , ? C x ? I D:B , , A, .
W I , Philo, Clean-thes x,
. T , , , ; -, -. T x ; . B , , , ;
, . O x. W x- . I - . Y .A ( I ) -, S B.
N , Clean-thes, Demea, Philo; I x I . L : - : Y , , x. A , , . T
, , - x, x, ; , , , . S, , , , , ; A N , , x. B a poste-
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, ; .H -; , I , , ; ,, -?
G G! Demea, ,
? Z , D ! A , Philo, I D N, x Cleanthes? F I ? , , , , Pamphilus?
Y , Philo, I Cleanthes ; , q , . B , I , Cleanthes a posteriori; , , . N, I , , Clean-thes, I -; I , .
, . A x , itius Maevius. B , , , , . T , x ; ,
, , x, .
I , Cleanthes, , , ; x- . B , , , -. T , , ,
; , I .
I , Clean-thes; I , I , D . B - ? T ? T, , ? S
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, xq , , , , -. T q . B, x, , ( Clean-thes), . T - , ; .S, , , , . B , , , x , . Ex, -, , , . F . T -, . T ,, .
I , I , , , D
; S B T . W , , Demea, I D N, Cleanthes, I .
W Cleanthes , Philo, , .
W , , , , . F - , q ; ,
q .
A; , , , , . H ; . T ; q , . Ex .
N, , Demea, , ( , , Cleanthes,) , , , ; x -. F a priori, , ; -, ,
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, , , , , . I , , , .B , , ? D - ? F ,
? W -, , - ?
B, operations , origin , ( ,) , , , ? W thought, -
? O - ; - .
S , Philo, - , I , . I ,
T , Cleanthes, , x; x - , ; I . B ,I , x x .U x , - . E ; q x , - . A ,, , , , - ; x q: A q , x , , -. T ,
, , , , .
B , Cleanthes, , ,, , , , , ?T, , ,
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
, , , .
A , , ; ?
A ! S, , , , , , , ,
; , .B ? I ? I ? I , ?
A , Cleanthes, I Simonides, , , Hiero, What God was?
, ; , ? C , I , I did not know, ? Y , : , , , I x
, , , ? W x - , ? A , -, , , - ?T , , .
B , , , - , ; I , , , , x -, . B, , ,
; - , . N, , x, - , . A
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C , . H , , ? H ...
Y! P, , . I , ? I V , ? A , ,
? A , , ? A , J S, ? T , I , Copernican ; -, .
I , Cleanthes, , q-, , x . I - , , .B Galilo D - , , , x, ,
, , . W species - , I iner, , x I see x ; I x. B , , , , , , , x. A
, , x ? , q x ; , , ...
Philo , , , Clean-thes, .W I , Cleanthes,
, x . Y , x, q- x; , reason , x. x , , . A
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PART III
H , Cleanthes, ,
q ! A , Philo, C
; , , , ? , T N A; - -? T , ; q , -? Y , I ,
; , , x, , - .
S, , , : S, x , : S-,
. T , - , ; , -, , ; q . B Galilo,
, ; x ,
, , q, , , , q , &. A , , x; x .
I , , Cleanthes; , x
q. C , ? H ? H ; , ? I , x-, .
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
, .S x : , , , .A q, , Iliad neid .
S, , , , xq ; - , , ? W ; x, , ; , ; , , ; , , , ; -
? Y , I, : - .
B , Philo, , . T Livy acitus;
, B, : C ? ? Y I - ( ) T, -.
M , x: , , - : x , , x, x- , , : q, , , - , , , ? Y
, I , .
B , I , . S , , , ; -,
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
, , N?M ; , . , -, , ?
S , , , , , . A T , , ; , , - . W , , , , .
I , I , - ; , q . W ?F . A ?F their? A , -; . B ,
, x , - . C, , , Philo, ; , .
L , Cleanthes,
, , q , . x , . T , , ; ; , - , , . N N R ; , .
C, ; -; , , . T ,, ; q , , , , , I. W , , ,
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, Plotinus, x , D; , , , , ; -, x- . T , , ; , , - D , , -
, .
A sentiments , ,, , , , , , -, , - , x -. I , , x, - ; . A ideas,
, ; : A , x , - , , materials . N, manner ; - , ?
: ,q , . Y : Y : , x- , , .
H I , Hermippus, Philo
: B , , Demea , .
Y , Cleanthes, , , , , I , : ; -, D, q ?W I , I : I , , ;
. B D. H .H , . A x , .
T Platonists, , P ;
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O , , , , ; -, , . A ( ) , S B, , , , -;
D .
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
PART VI.
I , Cleanthes, , Demea, ,
, D,
.T D, I , : B , , , q, , I . I , , ? O Mystics, D, S A, , ?T , , -
, I ,( I ,) , -, : A - , G D; q .
W , Demea, Clean-thes, Cleanthes,
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, : , , ; , , , .
I , Cleanthes, S B, x x ,
Mystics, q I . T , ,Atheists, . F , D , . A , ;, , , , , , , , ; , , . I ;
x , .
P , Philo, . Y - Atheist , x , , ; , -, , , T . B A, , I , , C T
x ;, q , , ? O , , Anthropomorphite - , q, Mystic, ? I , Cleanthes, D . W ? A - , , , ; ,, , . W , , , ; , - . N , , , , , .H
T D? B , , , , : H , , : H ; - . N , , q, . W . A , , , , . H x
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, , ; , q -. W .O ; . L x, , . N , , ;
, x . N x . A , , , , , , ; , , , . A , - , .
H, , B A N, , A-, , ?H , ? B , ; ? ? H in innitum? A, ,
, , , ?
B I , I , , A, ; , D , ,
, x.
I , I , -, Reason
Experience. W , , .
IReason (I , q- a priori) q , , T ,
, q , , ; , , q . F , ?I , ; , .
A, Experience - ,
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? A q , , ? T . I , , q , - . N , x .
I Peripatetics, ,Cleanthes, , aculties occult quali-ties; , , , . B , ; , , , . I , , S B; ,
A, rational , D? B q , , . I , such , . T ;
? L I . I . I , ; , .I , , . B , G; D B, .
W , x q .
, S B, , , - . I , I , , - . C , ?
W , , x , known . B, I , x ; , -, x . W x - ; , .W, , ,
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. I I , x ,I , , , -, , . N x , x; x
, . A , , , x , ; .
, x .
Y -, Cleanthes: Y . E , I , , Philo, I , q ? A
? , ; , , x . T , , ; . T : T N C. Y , , . Y ,
, : Y , ? I ; I ; . I D; I q. L , .
I , Philo: A , I ; I , I , , ,
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PART V.
B , Philo, A,
. Like eects prove like causes.
T x ; , , . N, ,
,
, .
E -
, x . Y
; -
q.
A ,
N, D, T; ,
x T,
,
-
. F, Lucretius*,
, x,
* Lib. II. 1094
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.A, a mind like the human, Philo. I , Cleanthes.A , Philo. , Clean-thes.
N, Cleanthes, Philo, , q. First, B , D. F,
, , , ; , , D B? Y , , , , x.
Secondly, Y , , D, -, , , , . T x- N, , a priori, , , - , . B - , ; , . A , , , , , ,
Q , q I ?Q ? I ?O q ?
I ully* , Epicurean: Quibus enim oculisanimi intueri potuit vester Plato abricam illam tanti operis,qua construi a Deo atque aedicari mundum acit? quae moli-
tio? quae erramenta? qui vectes? quae machinae? qui min-istri tanti muneris uerunt? quemadmodum autem obedire et
parere voluntati architecti aer, ignis, aqua, terra potuerunt?I , I , , , N , ? I x .
T , , ,
, , . T , , x .
A , -, ? ---- T , Cleanthes; . I
* De. nat. Deor. Lib. I
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. B , , x , , , , x. A , , x , , !
, - : . W , q- ; -, I , ( ,) x. B q, W , , ? W ,
, , q ; , , . A q x , . A - , ,
, . C , neid , , , , ?
B , , x . I
, x - , , ? A , , , , , , , , , , , ? M , , ; , ; , -. I , ,
; , , , ?
A , Philo, , , D? A , , -; ? T -
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: ; , , . Y , Demea, ; , , Clean-thes , . F - D , .A I , ,
, , .
T I , Clean-thes: , , , . O , , I, , , -, . I ; I .
, x , .
B , Cleanthes: , ; . T x , Milton, . W -, , , x ? B, ,
.A A?
W , , , , , &.? Epicurus -, ; . A , Cicero, , , -.
I , Cleanthes, , ,
, , : -; x .T , , -, ; , - , : , ;
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
PART VI.
I , , Demea, . W
; , x,
, , , ? W ? W - ? : q, , , .
, Philo, , q Cleanthes. T
: -. B , , x-; , . T, , , .T, , , , , , ,
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T , , , .N , x, ; , , . M , : , , , ,
, , : x ; , , , , .
H, , Anthropomorphism,Cleanthes, ; . Y , , systematical prejudices, ,
, , , , . B vulgar prejudice, , , , ; x, q. A , x q -, x ;
. I , , .
N, , , , . A :
: : , , . T , ,I , ; D SOUL , , .
Y , Cleanthes, , , , T q, . F , , ,
G; , .A , , , , , x , - .
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, -, , , , ; , x, x. A - ;
, , . N, P, Latin, , ; , W , -, Greek , Constantinople. W - x,
; , . T ,, , .
B . Lucullus - Asia Europe; European ,
, M, , DN.
T , I , Cleanthes, , ; I , x -, .Y
, , Philo: I x , I , . H, , .
W , Cleanthes, , , , , ; : ; ; . I , -
, .
B, x , ; , , I , -. I , , I, . T, ,
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. A , ; - , - . T , , ; , , , x, ; . W , ; , . A I , I , I , - . T ; , , ,
, . H , -, ? A . C , , . E , . A , , , , .
. I , - , European Asia, ? O , ? E , , ; - Greece,Spain, Italy, -
.
I - France, . I , , , , , , America. I , , Columbus, Europe -? W , , . A
, , ; . N - European - W .
A -? Philo. S ,
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PART VII.
B , Philo, x , ,
, , , , , ,
. I , , , , . Y , , .
P , Demea, I x .
O Cleanthes, Philo, , , q x, x D . T , , ; - . H , , , , ,
I , , , .
W PT, , H, 30,000 , : ,Cleanthes, ;
, , , . P , x- , . A , , S, P, T, , , , . Y .
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O , ( I -), ; : , , , , ; ... I - , Demea: B , - ! W data x? A , ? O, , ?
R, Philo: T I . I , data . O x, , x , - . B x ; , ,
? I - ? A , , , - , ?
B ? Demea. C x , ?
Cleanthes ; , , . B , I , ( -) , , , . T . T , -. I , , , . T . T , , , .
B , Demea, -?
V , Philo. I
, ; , , - , , , , . A , , ; , , , , .
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, ; , , , ,Nature, , x. T x; , -, ; , x, , , ,
, Cleanthes .
B , Demea, - q, , . F ? O ?
Y , Philo, - q. A , ; ; ; q , . , , q; , a priori, , ,
A , , Philo, Cleanthes x , - it. B q, I , I , ; .T , , , , , ; , , .
I , Demea, x, , x . I , ,Reason, Instinct, Generation, Vegetation, , . W x ,
, , x ? A , ( ,) ; .W , x: B ,
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
, . T ,I , ; . T , Cleanthes, - ; , . T q , - . A my- , , I ; I , ,
, . I x, . R, , , .
Hesiod, , , x , -. Plato , , imus.
T Brahmins , , , , , . H , ; - , . B , . A
; , , .
B , Demea; Cleanthes, . W I q ; ,
q . We must stop somewhere, ;nor is it ever within the reach o human capacity to explainultimate causes, or show the last connections o any objects. It issufcient, i any steps, so ar as we go, are supported by experi-ence and observation. N, , , x , . I I , , .T . A Clean-thes , I q
. T q ; .J x, - : , .
C, I , q . T , I, ;
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Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion David Hume (1779)
PART VIII.
W , Philo,
. I , ,
; , , , . B q , ; x . W , I I , , , , , , .
F , I Epicu-
rean ? T , I , -; I , , -. I , Epicurus, . A : , , . T
, ( ,) , x Cleanthes. W , .
I , Philo, Cleanthes,
, , - , , , , . S , I - , , --- : I , , .A I q , , , , -: , ; , , .
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A , Philo, , , - . I , , , , ? T ; . T ,, , ; , , , , , . B , , , , - , , -, . A , ; ; ;
; . A ; , , . I , q , -;
, , , , , , -. N , -, , -.
B , Demea, q, .
A , Philo, ? E , x, q - ; , x-, q . M, , , , , , : , , , ; . T a priori .
B, , , , ? A , . A , , , , , x . T , , , .
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T - . B , ( ), , ? T . E , ;
, , . M , , ; - ? L , , , , , , .
I , , ,
. I , -, ? D , , ? I , , : , ? M , , ,
, . I , ; , , - .
S ( x-), ,
, ; , , , , , - , , -. I , -, , - . B , , , , -
, . N -. T , , . E , . I , , , - - .
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I . B - x ?O , x, - x N? Y , Anthropomorphism, - x. L . I , , , , x : Y , . I , ,x q . N ; , q : B - x. T ,
, , ( - , , , ); , I , , , , -. F x.
, ?
I , Cleanthes, , , . H x , x. N , , , q :
, , - ; , - , . B , ? , , . H , , , , , - . I Arica Arabia, ? I
, x? T x N , ; - , , .
A , , Philo, ,
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PART IX.
B a pos-teriori, Demea,
a priori, , ,
? B , , INFINIY D , , I , . F , , , , ; , I , ? T D N, , , ; , , . W a priori...
Y , Demea, Cleanthes, . B , , ; , , useulq, .
T , Demea, I , . W x
A , , . E ; , x , , . B , , Sceptic; , -: F , . A
. A , , , T, ; , , , , x , , , ?
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x, x . T ,q, B; , D.
I Philo, Cleanthes, I , . I -, q , I
.I ,
, a priori. N -, . N-, , .W x, -x. T , , -x . Cq , x . I ,
.I D x
; x x , , x, . B - , . I , , -x
x; , x-
. I , , , , - ;
, necessarilyx: N, , .I ,
x ;
, , ; q ,
x . T q , x , , -
. I x , q ; N x
, . W , ,
S x N, , x ?External causes, . Chance
. W Nothing? B . W , , x B, REASON
x ,
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, .
A , , q . H , x , , , x?
I , , ,
, . W ? B WHOLE, , . I , , - , - , , .D I , I , , . T x
x .T ,
Cleanthes, x , Philo, - , I . I , 9, 9, 9, . T, 18, 27, 36, 9, 9
x; - ; - . T , , necessaryexistence, ; , , .
B , x B,
x ? W q ; , q, , , -x - . I , - x B: . A , *, conceived ; conceived . S , ,
. B , x q D, ; -x, . I , q, -x , : A , q . A
* Dr. Clarke
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x ; , .
1 8, 2 7, 3 6. T, 369 9; 3, 6, 9, 18, 9. , : , , . I , I , ,
? A , , , , ? S - q! !
B , Philo, , I , a priori
, x , , , , q , , , - . O , , - ,
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PART X.
I , I , Demea, , , , , , , B, . S x , . W , , , , , , , x, f
. W ! , , -?
I , Philo, , , . A q q . F ? I , , .
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T x , Philo: Leibnitz ; [T Dr. King L-; German] x ; , .
A , Demea,
? F ? A ( ), , ?
A , , x- ? T , , Philo, . A . N, ,, : F, x-
, , . T - : W, , , : .
O , Philo, N, .T , - x. T , ,
T , , Demea,
. T
; ;
; ,
, ; -
. A
x?
I , Philo,
; , sacred pro-ane,
q
. T , , -
,
, . F Homer
Dr. Young,
,
.
A , Demea,
. L Cleanthes. I - , , x ,
,
,
, ,
, x -
. A , ;
, I ,
x .
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? W ? M .O, , , , , -, , , , ; - ; , , .
B x , Demea,
, , , , , , . H ? H .
I , -,D , ,
A - , ,M, - .D , : DESPAIR
, .
A DEAH S: ,
W , .
T , Demea, , x.R, , , , , x,, , ; ? H ? L
, x x. C , ,, , x . T , . A , , , , - .
M , Demea, , , x- . F , , , , .
O , , Philo, q x N .M, , , , real, : imaginary, , , ? H
, , , , : : x : , , . N , x .
B, , Demea: T , , ;
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T , I, . W , x.
I , , , - . ---- A , I , ? I ? , ,
, , ?
L , , . T .---- N! I: x ;, x, , -.
I , Cleanthes: I I ,
.I , Demea, I
. O, - , . L , , CharlesV, , , x . I ,
, , ; , , . A ; ; ( ?) ( ?) .
W , I , , , , , , , , . , ; I ? , , ? H , I .
T , Philo, , . W , I , , ? ---- T , : , , x ---- A , I , , ?
B , , ?...
N , .
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, , , , ? H : x: : . H : H : B N : . T
, . I , , ?
EPICURUS q .
I , ? . I , ? -. I ? ?
Y , Cleanthes ( I ), - N. B , I ,
, ? T , . I , , - . N : , : : , . A ,
, that the greatest prosperities which he hadever enjoyed, had been mixed with so many adversities, that hemight truly say he had never enjoyed any satisaction or con-tentment. B , , ? I , .
Cicero , ,
; , , ? A x, Cato, , Cato, , , .
A , q, . N! x , , :
A , W .
T ( , ), - , .
A , Cleanthes, Philo, , , , A-, D, -
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Y , Demea, - , , : , , A . H , ; , I, ?
T ; . T , , , x. A , , ; -, D, .
N! Cleanthes, N! T - , , - . W
? W ? , ; , -, ; , , .
T D , I , . Y
.
O , ,
, , -
.
B , ,
, , , , ,
-
? M, , , , -, : , ,
, , . H
D ,
A? N M,
,
x , , -
, .
A , Cleanthes ,
, Philo? Y
Demea ; I .
A I , -
-
. I ,
,
. F -
D, -
?
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. W! x , , - x , , , x, , ! B x: I . N -
; , , , : A, , , , -, , q -.
B , , , , , x , : F , ,
x , , . W ? N . F . I D? B . I ? B . N , , , ; x , x , ; I
x; ; x. H ; ; - . A x , , , .
A , Philo, x , , q ,
. O - , , -; , , , ? P, , ; . T , x, , q . B , G, ! ; , . P x, ,
, , , , , , .
B , Philo, , , ; I , Cleanthes, ,
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, x-.
, , , .
B I , I . I , compatible D, : W ? A
. Y prove , x, - x , . A !W x, , . H , !
H, Cleanthes, I -. H I . F, - ,I . I , , , , - ( I ) ; . B , , , , , , - , . I
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PART XI.
I , Cleanthes, I q in-
nite, , ; -
, , , x. T , admirable, excellent,superlatively great, wise, holy; ; , , . T, , , , Demea, I , . I ,
x ; .B A N , x , , - x . A , ; , ; , , ,
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, , ; , . H -; , , . T x , ,
. Y , , , .
D I , ; , , , , , - , , ,, , x ; , - x. T
, , , . W : T , , . B , , , , , - . H ,
, .Y, PHILO, , , , I , , , ; , , -, .
M , Philo, ; , , I
. I , I , , , q , , , , B, , , , beorehand x; , , , , . S , ,
B; , , ; , ; , , , . B , , , -
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, . N -; , .
T rst , , , , x -
, -. N , , .A : , , , ; , , .M ; . I , ,
. W ? I , x ; q - , , , . S , - , ? ?
, - . I - , , , .
I , I q: I , - , , , , , beore-hand, x , ,
D? I .A I , , -, D, x. T , . C, x D -, , .
T our, , , -; . W , , , , , , ; , , . A , -, , , , - . N, I
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, ; , , , , , -. S Caligula , rajan.O , , Csar , . T
, , P ; ; , x, save D , establish .
I - , , , ; ,
third, I , viz. . S , , , - , x .E q ; ,
B , second, viz. - ; B. I , , , . B - ? I , D x , ; , , ?
B, , , - , , x , , , x-. H , , - , , -; , ,
. A , , , , , , , . A , , . G . P , -. A ,
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x , , . A , .
I , I q , - , x, ,
; I . I - . L ; ; . L q ; q, , . A , , ; ,
, x , , , x x- , ; , . B , , N , x, ;
. W , - . A x . T , . T , x , , ; , , - , , ,x . I, x ; , rigid master, . Aindulgent parent , , - . E ,
, , . S , , ; . T A N - : , - x: , , . I ,
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B , , , , , ; , , , , x . O , ; , x.T, q
, : , , ? R : ? x? H q ; -. O x : . W , , , , ? B
, ? T , q , x ; N , q , . T ; - .
O , , our, . W
, . S , - ; , , , . H , . I q , , ; , N; x ; q, , . B ; I , , , ... ,
.Tourth ,
, . I , -, , . T ; , .
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, .
L . W - , , !Y . B x, . H ! H
! H !T N, , , , !
H Manichan : , , , , x .B , , -
, . T : N , , , ? T , S -; ,
, - , : , q; - ; .W ? S , ? T . L . L , , D (I ) - a priori, , , ; , , . B , - ,
, , , , . I S , -, , - ; . S S, -
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tum, , ...
H! ! Demea: W - ? I , D B, Cleanthes, - . B I -
, . A , , - Cleanthes ?
A ? Clean-thes. B , Demea, Philo, , x; , . T , - D N, , ;
, , x . I , , ; , , , . B -...
B , Philo, . T
, , .
T our : that ; that ; that , ; that . Mx x ;
. T , , .
W I , ; , S B , . N, , x , ; , ,
.B ,
- , , A, . Y , . B , , in inni-
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PART XII.
A Demea , Cleanthes Philo - .O
, I , Cleanthes, - ,
; , Philo, I - . Y , , , ; - , , .
I , Philo, I N R ; I I , , ;
, I , I , . Y, , Cleanthes, I ; , - , -, , DB, , x . A , ,
. F , , x . B , , , ; , , , , . W , ;
-. B , q, , x. T ( ) I S.
T Philo -, . B I Demea ; ,
, .
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284: T , . W , !B , , , ,, ; , !T , : B , -
, ; , , . A , -, x , - N . A - Galen, , , , SI!
C I (, I G, ), I : S G, , x, N? W D B , ; , ; , -
, , ; , . TNature does nothingin vain, x , N, ; , , , , . O C-
x, Tat Nature acts by the simplestmethods, and chooses the most proper means to any end; , , . T - : A A; , .
I I Galen . T , *, 600 ; -
, , , ,N -, ; , , - , , , , : S , , 6000 - x. T
* De ormatione oetus
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:B , , , , I - .
S , Philo, I , I
, . T N - , ; , , - , -. B , ; , , . H x DEIY : q, , -
, mind intelligence, - ; ? N - : q- . F q, , : A GOD DEIY,
-; ? N, , , ; , , : H , , , !
I , Cleanthes, , - T, , , x . T , , N, , -. W ,
: I ; , , . B, , . A , , , ,
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, - human divine: T , -, : H , . I x A, , I , , ; I , , , N, ; , , , - :I : H . H , I - ; I , , , , , ,
, . H- , . W , I , ? TT , : T A , . W q, G, , , , q ? I
x; MIND HOUGH, ?
A , q; , , ,
. B , , , , , - , . T - q . M , Hannibal , , , Cleopatra , Livy hucydides , - . T
, , vice versa; , : B q , q , x -, .T T , q , , , , q. I T, ,
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T, Cleanthes, ; , , I . B - , -; I , I , - , , . A , , - , q .
M , Cleanthes, , I , . R, , . T , . F , ; x ?
H , Philo, - ,
q ? F, , , , , ; q . I , . A
is, that the Sceptic, rom habit, caprice, or inclination, insists most on thediculties; the Dogmatist, or like reasons, on the necessity.
, I - ; T, , x- S B, , , , , ; A, , N, , , . C , ; ,, , .
A I , Cleanthes, N , , , D , . B q? N , q . F, S B , ,
. *
* It seems evident that the dispute between the Skeptics and Dogmatists isentirely verbal, or at least regards only the degrees o doubt and assurancewhich we ought to indulge with regard to all reasoning; and such disputesare commonly, at the bottom, verbal, and admit not o any precise deter-mination. No philosophical Dogmatist denies that there are dicultiesboth with regard to the senses and to all science, and that these dicultiesare in a regular, logical method, absolutely insolvable. No Skeptic deniesthat we lie under an absolute necessity, notwithstanding these dicul-ties, o thinking, and believing, and reasoning, with regard to all kinds osubjects, and even o requently assenting with condence and security.Te only diference, then, between these sects, i they merit that name,
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; -. I , x, , . A - ; , -: , , - ;
. T , , , : , , , ; .
A : I ; , : I -. W x ,
x, , - ? T ; , , , - . A , , , ,
, .
T , Cleanthes, . T , , , , ; , -, ,
. W , , , .
A , Philo, x - . Y . T , , - . C, I , , . W , ( ); , - . Y , , -, , , -
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, . M x , , , : A ; . H , , , .
T , , ; , . T .
T , x - , , .A , .
T, ; - , .
I x -, ; , , asces axes ? B , x
, ?
W , , , ; , , - D . T
D , , . W q, , . A , , Egyptian Gre-cian , x , ; D , .
B ;
, - , , - q, x - .
S , , - ; ,
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O q ; q . I -, , , . C- - ; Q . I , Polybius* Greek Epicu-rean : I , P I ; - . N G E -; Euripides, I , , .
, Philo, Cleanthes, :
: - . F , , ; -. T , , T, B -
* Lib. vi. cap. 54. Iphigenia in auride
. T , , . A , x , , , - , ? W , , ,
, , , , q ? E x .I , , q, , , , , . I , x, , ;
x , q, ,, .
, I , -q: , ; I T, , , , -, .
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.
I , - , , . T - . F ,
N, ; - Cerberus F; , .
I , ; , , , . B -, , , ; , . W ,
- , f.I , , , , , , , x . B , ,
, , ; -; , , x , , , . Nx B ( ), , .
T , Philo, ; , . B , , , -, , .
I , - . I , ?
B , f, , Cleanthes. S, Philo: , , - , . A, - ; , x x- D,
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I , , , , -. Y . C, D ; , x - ! A D B , ,
. N avour, , T-, , -, D : A compassion indulgence S, q , , , , , x .
I N T, , ,
, , Tatthe cause or causes o order in the universe probably bear someremote analogy to human intelligence: I x, , x: I , : A , , , , , q
, , .
N , x, - , x , q ; q-. B , -
, . N , . A ; , .
I - -, ,
. S absurdity inconsistency. I D , , . I , , D , ; , , .
o know God, Seneca, is to worship him. A , , .
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Cleanthes Philo : - , , I ,, , I , Philo Demea; Cleanthes .
FINIS
; , q, , , ,
, x ?S , ,
; -; ,
x q. B , Cleanthes, -
, x- H , , ,
, , , D . A ,
, : W D,
T- , , . -
S , , , C; I
Pamphilus: A I Cleanthes - - .
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