PERSONALITY

Personality

The relatively stable set of characteristics

that influences an individual’s behavior

and lend it consistency.

Big Five Personality Traits

Personality Characteristics in Organizations

Locus of Control

Internal External

I control what happens to me!

People and circumstances control my fate!

Choose A or B for each item:

1. a. Becoming a success is a matter of hard work; luck has little or nothing to do with it. b. Getting a good job depends mainly on being in the right place at the right time.

2. a. The average citizen can have an influence in government decisions. b. This world is run by the few people in power, and there is not much the little guy can do about it.

Beyond the Book:What’s Your Locus of Control?

Self-Efficacy

beliefs and expectations about one’s

ability to accomplish a specific task

effectively

Self-Esteem

Success tendsto increaseself-esteem

Failure tendsto decreaseself-esteem

Individuals’ degree of liking or disliking themselves.

Self-Monitoring

A personality trait that measures an individuals ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors.

Personality TypesType A’s1. are always moving, walking, and eating rapidly;2. feel impatient with the rate at which most events take place;3. strive to think or do two or more things at once;4. cannot cope with leisure time;5. are obsessed with numbers, measuring their success in

terms of how many or how much of everything they acquire.

Type B’s1. never suffer from a sense of time urgency with its

accompanying impatience;2. feel no need to display or discuss either their achievements

or accomplishments;3. play for fun and relaxation, rather than to exhibit their

superiority at any cost;4. can relax without guilt.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

In the 1940’s, Myers and Briggs

developed the MBTI to understand

individual differences by analyzing

the combinations of preferences.

MBTI Preferences

Preferences Represents

Extraversion Introversion How one re-energizes

Sensing Intuiting How one gathers information

Thinking Feeling How one makes decisions

Judging Perceiving How one orients to the outer world

Extrovert

• Act first, think/reflect later

• Feel deprived when cutoff from interaction with the outside world

• Usually open to and motivated by outside world of people and things

• Enjoy wide variety and change in people relationships

Introvert

• Think/reflect first, then Act

• Regularly require an amount of "private time" to recharge batteries

• Motivated internally, mind is sometimes so active it is "closed" to outside world

• Prefer one-to-one communication and relationships

Sensing

• Mentally live in the Now, attending to present opportunities

• Using common sense and creating practical solutions is automatic-instinctual

• Memory recall is rich in detail of facts and past events

Intuitive

• Mentally live in the Future, attending to future possibilities

• Using imagination and creating/inventing new possibilities is automatic-instinctual

• Memory recall emphasizes patterns, contexts, and connections

Thinking

• Instinctively search for facts and logic in a decision situation.

• Naturally notices tasks and work to be accomplished.

• Easily able to provide an objective and critical analysis.

• Accept conflict as a natural, normal part of relationships with people.

Feeling

• Instinctively employ personal feelings and impact on people in decision situations

• Naturally sensitive to people needs and reactions.

• Naturally seek consensus and popular opinions.

• Unsettled by conflict; have almost a toxic reaction to disharmony.

Judging

• Plan many of the details in advance before moving into action.

• Focus on task-related action; complete meaningful segments before moving on.

• Work best and avoid stress when able to keep ahead of deadlines.

• Naturally use targets, dates and standard routines to manage life.

Perceiving

• Comfortable moving into action without a plan; plan on-the-go.

• Like to multitask, have variety, mix work and play.

• Naturally tolerant of time pressure; work best close to the deadlines.

• Instinctively avoid commitments which interfere with flexibility, freedom and variety

MBTI Scales

ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ

ISTP ISFP INFP INTP

ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP

ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ

Introverts

Extraverts

Sensing Types Intuitive Types