Cellular Respiration. What is Cellular Respiration? Step-by-step breakdown of glucose molecules to...

Cellular Respiration

What is Cellular Respiration?

• Step-by-step breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy

• Produce ATP• Takes place day

and night in ALL LIVING CELLS

Cellular Respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + EnergyC6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + EnergyGlucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

Where does it occur?

• In the Cell Mitochondria

Cellular Respiration3 Stages

• 3 Stages: Stage 1: Glycolysis

• O2 not required (anaerobic)

Stage 2: Krebs Cycle• O2 required (aerobic)

Stage 3: Electron Transport Chain• O2 required (aerobic)

2 ATPs

2 ATPs

32 ATPs

GLYCOLYSIS

KREBSCYCLE

Insert 1 Glucose 2 energytokens

(ATP)

2 energytokens

32 energytokens

ELECTRONTRANSPORT CHAIN

-

---

---

-

reactants products

GLYCOLYSISglucose

Oxygen Water

2 ATP

2 NADH

2 NADH

6 NADH

2 FADH22 ATP

32 ATP

KREBSCYCLE

ELECTRONTRANSPORTCHAIN

glucose derivatives

carbon dioxide

carbon dioxide

cytosol

mitochondrion

Types of Cellular Respiration

1. Aerobic Occurs in the presence of oxygen Breaks down glucose completely Releases large amounts energy 36 ATP

Types of Cellular Respiration

2. Anaerobic Occurs when there is no oxygen

available Partially breaks down glucose Releases very small amount of energy 2 ATP

Fermentation

• Anaerobic process that follows Glycolysis when there is NO OXYGEN

• Provides a means to continue producing ATP until Oxygen is available

• Does NOT produce and additional ATP

• JUST keeps GLYCOLYSIS going over & over

GLUCOSE

Glycolysis

Aerobic Respiration

Fermentation(anaerobic)

Krebs

Cycle

ElectronTranspor

tChain

2 ATP

ATP

ATP

Fermentation

• Lactic Acid Fermentation Occurs in animal muscle cells Produces Lactic Acid as waste Only oxygen can get rid of lactic acid

Fermentation

• Alcoholic Fermentation Plants, Yeast & Bacteria Ethyl alcohol is produced as waste-product Basis of wine & beer industry Bread making (rise)

Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + EnergyC6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

C6H12O6 + 6O2C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

Respiration:Respiration:

Photosynthesis:Photosynthesis:

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

A. The process by which light energy is used to make simple sugars (glucose)

B. Producers/Autotrophs the type of organisms that perform photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Equation

Light Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

aka

SUN + Carbon Dioxide + Water Glucose + Oxygen

Starting Materials

1. Carbon obtained from carbon dioxide taken in from air

2. Light from SUN

3. Water absorbed

through roots

PRODUCTS

1. Glucose C6H12O6 used for energy

2. Oxygen released into atmosphere as waste

TWO STAGES

A. Light Dependent Reactions

1. Requires sunlight

2. Traps light energy in chlorophyll

3. Forms ATP

TWO STAGES

B. Calvin Cycle

1. Does NOT require sunlight

2. Glucose is made using ATP from 1st stage

Plant Cell Structure

• Chloroplast – organelle in plant cell, site of photosynthesis

Plant Cell Structure

• Chlorophyll- pigment in chloroplast that absorbs ALL but green light

• Microscopic view of plant cells

Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released

Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide:

Oxygen: Oxygen:

Produces: Produces:

Requires Light Does Not require Light

Occurs only in: Occurs in:

Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down

Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released

Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide:

Oxygen: Oxygen:

Produces: Produces:

Requires Light Does Not require Light

Occurs only in: Occurs in:

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down

Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released

Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)

Oxygen: Oxygen:

Produces: Produces:

Requires Light Does Not require Light

Occurs only in: Occurs in:

Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down

Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released

Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)

Oxygen: Given Off (released) Oxygen: Taken In

Produces: Produces:

Requires Light Does Not require Light

Occurs only in: Occurs in:

Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down

Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released

Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)

Oxygen: Given Off (released) Oxygen: Taken In

Produces: Sugar (glucose) Produces: Water & Carbon Dioxide

Requires Light Does Not require Light

Occurs only in: Occurs in:

Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down

Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released

Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)

Oxygen: Given Off (released) Oxygen: Taken In

Produces: Sugar (glucose) Produces: Water & Carbon Dioxide

Requires Light Does Not require Light

Occurs only in: organisms that contain chlorophyll

Occurs in: ALL living cells

Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis