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Chapter 13 Renewable Energy Resources Name ____________________________
Case Study: The Potential for Wind Power in the United States p416Wind energy—______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________Wind power is ______________________________________________.Could meet electricity needs of the lower 48 states
___________________________________________________ are top producersWhat do you know about renewable energy options available in your community? _________________________________________________________________________
Wind Power fig 13-1 p416 Wind turbines convert the ____________________________________________ in wind to ________________________. Wind power is an ____________________________form of _______________________ energy.• Wind is a renewable nonrenewable energy resource because . . . • Wind can be changed into electrical energy by . . .
• I think wind power could benefit our community in that . . .
• Advantages and disadvantages of wind power include . . .
13.1 Why Is Energy Efficiency an Important Energy Resource? Improvements in ___________________________________________ could save at least a third of the energy used in the world and ____________________ of the energy used in the United States.We have a _________________________________________________________ for sharply increasing the energy efficiency of industrial operations, motor vehicles, appliances, and buildings.
We Use Energy InefficientlyEnergy efficiency
_____________________________________________________________________________________________Advantages of reducing energy waste
Usually the ___________________________________________ to provide more energyReduces ___________________________________________________________________Slows atmospheric __________________________________Increases __________________________________________________________________________________
We Use Energy Inefficiently (cont’d.)Daily activities that waste energy
Living/working in buildings with ______________________________________________________Commuting to work ________________________Driving vehicles that ______________________________________________________________
Three widely used devices that waste energy_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We Can Improve Energy Efficiency in Industry and UtilitiesCogeneration
Two forms of energy ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (CHP)
Replace __________________________________________________________________________________________.__________________________________ materials.Switch from low-efficiency incandescent lighting to _________________________________________ lighting.
Saving Energy and Money with a Smarter Electrical Grid Current electrical grid system—_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ultra-high-_______________________________________________________________________________________ transmission lines___________________________ controlled_______________________________________________________________ in demand and supplyEasier to _______________________________________________________ energy
We Can Improve Energy Efficiency and Save Money in TransportationHidden prices in gasoline
Should be __________________________________Car manufacturers and oil companies __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
Build or expand ______________________________________________________________________________.Encourage _________________________.
More Energy-Efficient Vehicles Are on the Way p421Superefficient and ___________________________________________Gasoline-electric _______________________________ car___________________________ hybrid electric vehicle________________________________________________________________ carElectric vehicle with a __________________________________________________ cell
Fuel cell: __________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________
We Can Design Buildings That Save Energy and Money p422_________________________ architectureLiving or _______________________________________
With specially designed _____________________________________________Superinsulation
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
Green Architecture p422 • What factors do you think had to be taken into account when planning this rooftop garden?
• Where did you think the gardens were located when you first glanced at the photo?
• Why do you think the gardens consist of several different types of plants rather than just grass?
• What questions do you have about the care and maintenance of the gardens?
We Can Save Money and Energy in Existing Buildings p423Conduct an _____________________________________:
Insulate and plug leaksUse _______________________________________________________________ other heating and cooling _______________Heat houses more efficientlyUse energy-efficient appliancesUse energy-efficient lightingUse _________________________________________ to turn lights _______________________________
Saving Energy p.424 You can save energy (and __________________________) by taking steps to reduce heat and cooling loss in your home.
13.2 What Are Sources of Renewable Energy?Renewable energy
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Renewable energy will be cheaper if we eliminate:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Solar Energy as a Renewable Energy Resource ____________________________________ solar heating systems can heat water and buildings effectively._______________________________ of using direct sunlight to produce high-temperature heat and electricity ____________________________________________________.
We Can Heat Buildings and Water with Solar EnergyPassive solar heating system
____________________________________________________________________________________________________Active solar heating system
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Passive and Active Solar Heating Systems Passive and active solar heating systems are the
same in that they both . . . Advantages of passive solar heating over active
solar heating include . . . Advantages of active solar heating over passive
solar heating include . . . The best solar heating system for buildings in our part of the United States is probably
a(n) ____ one because . . .
We Can Cool Buildings NaturallyTechnologies available
________________________________________ when cooler outsideUse ______________________________________________________________ and high-efficiency _____________________________Overhangs or ______________________________________ on windows___________________________________-colored roof___________________________________ pumps
We Can Concentrate Sunlight to Produce High-Temperature Heat and ElectricitySolar thermal systems (____________________________________________________________________, CSP) p427
Collect sunlight to _______________________________________, produce __________________________ to generate ______________________________________Some systems use _________________________________________________ to track sun, _______________ ________________________ on central power tower______________________________________________ are small-scale use of CSPDisadvantages: _________________________________________________, use substantial ______________, can disrupt __________________________ ecosystems, need backup system on ___________________days
We Can Use Solar Cells to Produce Electricity p429Photovoltaic (PV) cells
____________________________________________________________________________________________________World’s _______________________________________________________
Design of solar cells_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ cells, ________________________________________ into wires.Arrays of cells make up panelsGreat potential in _______________________________________________________________________
Solar Energy: ChallengesKey problems
___________________________________ of producing electricityNeed to be located _____________________________________________ areas_________________________________________ used in productionSolar cells contain __________________________________ materials
Cost could drop with:_____________________________________________________________________________________Government _____________________________________________________ and tax breaks
Hydropower as a Renewable Energy Resource p433 We can use water flowing over ___________________________, ___________________________________, and ______________________________________________________ to generate electricity.
However, _______________________________________________ concerns and limited availability of ___________________________________________ may limit the use of these energy resources.
We Can Produce Electricity from Falling and Flowing Water Hydropower
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ form of solar energy____________________________________________________ renewable energy source used to produce electricity, ____________________________________________________________
Hydropower plant________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Micro-hydropower generators: ______________________________________________________
We Can Use Tides and Waves to Produce Electricity Produce electricity from flowing water
Ocean tides and waves in _____________________________________________________________________Power systems are limited
______________________ suitable sitesHigh ______________________________________________________________________________________________ by storms and corrosion
Wind Power as a Renewable Energy Resource p435 Wind power is the world’s _____________________________________________________________________________ after solar cells.When we include the environmental costs of using energy resources in their market prices, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Using Wind to Produce Electricity Is an Important Step Toward Sustainability______________________________________________________________ can extract more energy from the wind.___________________________________________________________________________________________________
United States, Europe, and China______________________________________________________________________ wind farms
Wind power has potential to _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Advantages and Disadvantages of Wind PowerAdvantages
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________Disadvantages
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Biomass as a Renewable Energy Resource p437 Biomass: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Examples of biomass fuels: __________________________, wood wastes, __________________________ made from wood, agricultural ___________________________________________Used for __________________________________________________________________________________________Wood renewable only __________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________ in many less-developed countries
Biofuels from BiomassBiofuels: _________________________________________________________________________________________________ (corn, sugarcane, vegetable oils, plants/plant wastes)
Advantages over gasoline/diesel fuel:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Is Biodiesel the Answer? Biodiesel
Produced from ___________________________________________________European Union countries produce ________________________________________________________
Crops require large amounts ______________________________________________.________________________________________________________________________.
Is Ethanol the Answer? Ethanol
Can be made from _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ largest producer
Made from _____________________; ___________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ second
_____________________________________________________ has medium net energy Cellulosic ethanol
Produced from _________________________________________________
Is Ethanol the Answer? (cont’d.)Problems with cellulosic ethanol
________________________________________________________________ still being developedGrowing enough _________________________________________________________________________________
Evaluating use of ________________________________________________________________________
Promoting BioFuels made from Algae p437
When enough __________________________________ exists for the development of a product, technological ________________________________ can often be expedited, as has been the case with solar cell technology and programs for corn-based ethanol. Algae have an amazing potential as a source for producing biofuel. Algae can grow ______________________________________, and growing algae “crops” does not require ______________________________. A large amount of algae could be grown in a single room under grow lights. Algae also absorb _________________________________________ from the air, converting it into biofuel products. However, more research is needed to bring ______________________________________________ and improve the methods for ______________________________________ fuel from algae. Go to the Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy website at http://energy.gov/ and search for algal biofuels to learn more. Do you think the government is adequately committed to promoting this alternative biofuel? _________________________________________________________________________________________
Geothermal Energy as a Renewable Energy Resource p437 Geothermal energy: ____________________________________________________________________________________
has _____________________________________________ for supplying many areas with heat and electricity, and has a ________________________________________________________________________.However, the ______________where it can be produced economically ________________________.
We Can Get Energy by Tapping Earth’s Internal Heat ______________________________________________________________________
Energy efficient and reliableEnvironmentally _________________________________________________________________________________________________ a space
Hydrothermal reservoirs Drill wells and extract various __________________________, water_________________________________ is the world’s largest producer
Hot dry rock_____________________________________________________________________
Geothermal Energy: Challenges Geothermal energy problems
High cost of _____________________________ hydrothermal ____________________________________Scarcity of __________________________________________________________________________________ and some _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hydrogen as a Renewable Energy Resource Hydrogen is a clean energy source as long as it _____________________________________________________.
However, it has a ______________________________________________________________________.
Hydrogen FuelHydrogen as a fuel
Eliminates most of the ________________________________________________ problemsReduces threats of _______________________________________________________
Some challenges____________________________________________________________________________________________________CO2 levels dependent on _______________________________________________________________________
Hydrogen Fuel (cont’d.)Production and storage of H2
Must be produced _____________________________________________________________________________net _________________________________ energy yield
13:2 Quick Check of Core Ideas and Skills Change these FALSE statements to make them true.
Renewable energy resources have not been more widely adopted because they are hard to find.
Wind energy can only be used in coastal areas.
An advantage of hydropower is that it provides a low net energy gain.
A disadvantage of biomass is that it is extremely expensive to grow.
13.3 How Can Society Transition to a More Sustainable Energy Future?We can make the transition to a more sustainable energy future by:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Choosing Energy PathsGeneral conclusions:
Gradual shift to __________________________________________________________________________________Combination of increased _______________________________________________ and __________________ _____________________________________________ energyBecause ____________________________________________________________________________, we will likely continue to use them.
Decarbonization: _________________________________________________________________________
13:3 Quick Check of Core Ideas and Skills Change these FALSE statements to make them true.
One challenge in transitioning to sustainable energy is the lack of renewable energy technology.
One way for society to move toward sustainable energy is for people to wait for government subsidies.
http://energy.gov/
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