The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their...

The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between

organisms and their environment is called

ecology.

Species make up populations, which make up

communities.

The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in

the biosphere is

a community.

The lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living and nonliving

factors is the

ecosystem.

Plants are

primary producers.

The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic

level is called the

biomass.

What animals eat both producers and consumers?

omnivores

The repeated movement of water between Earth’s surface and the atmosphere is called

the water cycle.

The movements of energy and nutrients through living

systems are different because _________ flows in one

direction, and _________ recycle.

Energy, nutrients

Examples of abiotic factor in the environment are

soil type, rainfall, temperature

What is a biotic factor that affects the size of a population

in a specific ecosystem?

number and kinds of predators in the ecosystem

What is an example of how biotic and abiotic factors

interact?

Tree roots split apart rocks in the ground.

What is at the base of all ecological pyramids?

producers

The movement of organisms into a range is called

immigration

The ______ rate is becoming higher than the _______rate.describe a population that is

decreasing in size.

Death, birth

What are two ways a population can decrease in

size?

increase death rate and emigration

During some kinds of population growth, the size of each generation

of offspring is larger than the generation before it. So, as the population gets larger, it grows more quickly. This situation is

called

exponential growth.

When the exponential phase of a logistic growth curve of a

population ceases, population growth begins to

slow down.

Something that controls the growth or size of a population

is

a limiting factor.

Fewer individuals will increase or decrease competition within

a species’ population?

decrease

A disease resulting in the deaths of one third of a dense population of bats in a cave

would be a

density-dependent limiting factor.

An example of a renewable resource is

trees.

They cannot be replaced after they are used up is true about

__________ resources?

nonrenewable

The gray-brown haze often found over large cities is called

smog.

Introduced species can threaten biodiversity because they can

crowd out native species.

Who used a compound microscope to see chambers within cork and named them

“cells”?

Robert Hooke

What advance in technology made the discovery of cells

possible?

the microscope

What organisms are prokaryotes?

bacteria

Which organelle breaks down organelles that are no longer

useful?

lysosome

Which structure makes proteins using coded

instructions that come from the nucleus?

ribosome

Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but

not animal cells?

chloroplast

Regulating the movement of materials into and out of the

cell is a function of the

cell membrane

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called

osmosis

What means of particle transport requires input of

energy from the cell?

active transport

Which term describes the relatively constant internal physical conditions of an

organism?

homeostasis

A group of similar cells that perform a particular function is

called

a tissue.

What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?

adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups

Energy is released from ATP when

a phosphate group is removed.

Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called

autotrophs.

Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from external sources

are called

heterotrophs

Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon

dioxide into

oxygen and high-energy sugars.

The Calvin cycle is another name for the

light-independent reactions.

The Calvin cycle takes place in the

stroma.

What is a product of the Calvin cycle?

high-energy sugars

What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

6O2 + C6H12O6 ® 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

What are the products of cellular respiration?

Water and Carbon dioxide

Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it

requires

oxygen.

The starting molecule for glycolysis is

glucose.

The starting molecule for the Krebs cycle is

pyruvic acid.

The Krebs cycle produces

carbon dioxide.

In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is followed by

the Krebs cycle.

Cellular respiration uses 1 molecule of glucose to produce

approximately ___ ATP molecules.

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Lactic acid fermentation occurs in

muscle cells.

Breathing heavily after running a race is your body’s way of

repaying an oxygen debt.

During which phase in the cell cycle does mitosis happen?

M phase

When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated?

S phase

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up

along the middle of the dividing cell?

metaphase

What is the proper sequence represents the phases of

mitosis?

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability

to control their

growth rate