Preprints & Scholarly Infrastructure

Preprints & scholarly infrastructure Webinar, 30 Jan 2017

Rachael Lammey Member & Community Outreach @CrossrefOrg

Today’s agenda!

• Introduction • Jessica Polka, ASAPbio • Martyn Rittman, Preprints, operated by MDPI • Richard Sever, bioRxiv • Q&A

Preprints in!

• Crossref membership • Content registration with custom metadata • Notification of links between preprints and publications

• ORCiD Auto-update • Identification of funders

Preprints out!• As with all supported content types, we make the metadata available for machine and human access, across multiple interfaces (e.g. REST API, OAI-PMH, Crossref Metadata Search).

• API: • http://api.crossref.org/types/posted-content/works • http://api.crossref.org/works/10.20944/

preprints201608.0191.v1/transform/application/vnd.crossref.unixsd+xml

http://blog.crossref.org/category/preprints

A preprint is a manuscript posted online before journal-organized peer review

Preprints & journals are compa<ble

BergetalScience2016

arXiv:100,000manuscriptsperyear

Preprint servers have existed for 25 years

InBiology

0100200300400500600700800900

1000

Jan-03

Jul-0

3Jan-04

Jul-0

4Jan-05

Jul-0

5Jan-06

Jul-0

6Jan-07

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Jul-0

8Jan-09

Jul-0

9Jan-10

Jul-1

0Jan-11

Jul-1

1Jan-12

Jul-1

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3Jan-14

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4Jan-15

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5Jan-16

Jul-1

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figshare(filteredbyPrePubMed)

Preprints.org(arLcles/reviewsinbio/life/med)

NaturePrecedings(manuscripts,fromsearchresults)TheWinnower

Version1|asapbio.org

Preprints are taking off in biology

•  Immediatelyopenlyaccessible• Publicdisclosureofrecent,“invisible”workforPhDthesis,fellowship,jobs

• Getmorefeedbackonyourwork• Controlwhenworkismadepublic(Lmestamp,DOI)• Advancethepaceofscience

Major benefits of preprints

Pos<ng preprints is a good experience

392 responses. Results at asapbio.org/survey

Funders including preprints in grants

asapbio.org/funder-policies

Jan10,2017

Jan3,2017 Dec12,2016

Sept29,2016

NIHRFIDec2016

Long-termpostdocfellowships2016

“IntheinterestsofacceleraLngscienLficdiscovery,theBiohubwillestablishapublicaLonpolicyforopenandrapiddisseminaLonofresearchresults:allInvesLgatorswillberequiredtopostmanuscriptsonArxivonthedateofsubmissiontopeer-reviewedjournals.”

hcps://med.stanford.edu/rmg/funding/chan_zuckerberg.html

Twicer:#ASAPbio@jessicapolka 14

Twicer:#ASAPbio@jessicapolka 15

AprojectoftheNIHcommonfund

Journals innova<ng with preprints

October4,2016

Twicer:#ASAPbio@jessicapolka 16

Twicer:#ASAPbio@jessicapolka 17

Linking preprints to journals

“Now, to document and help readers trace the complete publication record, authors are invited to voluntarily provide a footnote for their BJ article referencing their preprint in bioRxiv or arXiv, including the DOI number and the date the initial manuscript was deposited.”

AcceleraLngScienceandPublicaLoninbiology

•  Convening stakeholders!•  Sharing information:

FAQ & tracking policies!•  Raising awareness!•  Proposing additional

preprint infrastructure !

ASAPbio.orgTwicer:#ASAPbio

Martyn Rittman, Ph.D. preprints.org

Background Preprints.org is run by MDPI, an open

access publisher

We want to support rapid dissemination of knowledge

Preprints is run on a not-for-profit basis

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What is a preprint?

A preprint is any article that hasn’t yet been peer-reviewed and published in an academic journal. In most cases, you can think of it as a draft or working paper. A preprint can be updated and improved at any time.

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“ ”

•  Over 900 Preprints online

•  12 subject categories

•  95 advisory board members

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• DOI assigned for every preprint. • Sign up for update alerts. • Comment on and rate every article. • Bookmark with CiteULike, BibSonomy,

Mendeley, etc. • See related articles. • Altmetrics.

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How does it work? •  Submission by authors via

Preprints.org or MDPI submission system.

•  Internal check by Preprints editors.

• Refer borderline cases to the advisory board.

•  Articles online within 24 hours.

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How does it work?

•  Basic criteria that we check: •  Title, abstract, keywords present •  Document structure •  Author affiliations and background •  Recent citations •  Controversial topics/junk papers •  Use of human/animal/plant subjects

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Working with Crossref

•  Straightforward implementation: same process as for journals.

•  Easy to cite and link to published versions.

•  Grace period for removal of preprints before DOI registration.

•  New DOI for each preprint version.

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Outlook • Can preprints become standard in more

disciplines? • Get review/peer support into the publication

process at an earlier stage. • Speed up the reporting of research.

• Support grant/job applications, especially for ECRs.

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@preprints_org

http://www.preprints.org

info@preprints.org

@

Richard Sever, PhD Assistant Director, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

Twitter: @cshperspectives

Research at Cold Spring Harbor Lab

•  600 scientific staff

•  50 research groups •  Molecular biology and genetics •  Cancer •  Neuroscience •  Plant biology •  Genomics and bioinformatics •  Quantitative biology

•  Ranked #1 worldwide in molecular biology & genetics

Science communication at Cold Spring Harbor

Conferences •  Meetings •  The Banbury Center •  Cold Spring Harbor Asia, Suzhou, China

Teaching

•  Watson School of Biological Sciences •  Residential lab and lecture courses •  DNA Learning Center

Books & Journals

•  Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

2013: CSHL launched the preprint server for biology

•  Non-profit service of CSHL •  Submission + access free

•  Biological/medical sciences

•  Complements arXiv

Preprint (n): an unpublished manuscript yet to be certified by peer review

Benefits

•  Rapid transmission of results

•  Pre-publication feedback/discussion

•  Visibility, especially for early-career scientists

•  Immediate availability to grant/hiring committees

Accelerating communication

bioRxiv

Data courtesy of Stephen Royle

Received-published

Received-accepted

Accepted-published

bioRxiv features •  Posted manuscript date-stamped + given a DOI (citable)

•  Indexed in Google Scholar & next-generation literature-discovery tools

•  Choice of article type (New, Confirmatory, or Contradictory Results)

•  Revised version can be posted at any time

•  Choice of license (CC BY, CC BY-NC, CC BY-ND, CC BY-NC-ND, all rights reserved)

•  Article metrics

•  Commenting

•  Links to published versions

Progress

•  ~8000 submissions (~90% approved) •  ~30% revised (many more than once)

•  ~30,000 authors •  >60% of papers subsequently published

•  >400 journals have published papers preprinted on bioRxiv Nature, Science, Cell, PNAS, eLife, Nature Genetics, Nature Neuroscience, Cell Reports, Nature Communications, Genome Research, Genetics, Evolution, Biophysical Journal, PLoS One, PLoS Genetics, PLoS Pathogens, Biology Open, Bioinformatics, American, Journal of Human Genetics, Journal of Neuroscience, BMC Genomics, BMC Biology, G3, Frontiers in Genetics, Frontiers in Neuroscience, Genome Biology, Interface, Molecular Systems Biology, Nucleic Acids Research, PeerJ, PLoS Computational Biology, Oncogene, Molecular Plant, Development, Journal of Ecology, Epidemiology & Infection, Biochimie, Cancer Biology & Therapy, mBio, etc.

Progress

•  Behavior change: more biologists posting/reading preprints

•  Policy change: more journals allowing preprint posting

•  Rule change: funding bodies allow citing of preprints in grants

Posts

bioRxiv by subject

arXiv by subject

Impact

•  Citations

•  Comments

•  Blogs

•  Email

•  Social media

?

(11%)

(>>100K)

Formal publication

Journal integration

Submission Peer review

Yur journal here

B2J J2B

Preprint posted

BioPhysical J Development eLife EMBO J EMBO Mol Med EMBO reports G3 Genetics Genome Res J Cell Biol J Gen Physiol Mol Biol Cell Mol Sys Biol Plant J PLOS PNAS & >40 more

Editorial prospecting

Conference integration

Community integration

bioRxiv - an essential hub

Journals

Meetings Blogs

Confirmatory results

Contradictory results

Discussion

Re

pro

du

cib

ility

Ce

rtifica

tion

Discovery

Crossref Google

Meta

Questions?

feedback@crossref.org

Thank you!