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Butterflies through Binoculars
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June 26 * August 28 * October 2
SOIL & WATER
CONSERVATIONDISTRICTS
Jason Andersen
Farm Bill Wildlife Biologist
Pheasants Forever, Inc. & Quail Forever
Butterfly identification...
it’s all in the details
Find the Monarchs
1 2 3
4 56
Butterfly
• Active during day
• Clubbed or straight antennae
• Wings rest upright
• Fluttering flight
• Active at night (mostly)
• Feathered or pointed antennae
• Wings rest at sides
• Up and down flight (during the day)
Butterflies and Moths
Moth
Monarch Luna Moth
Butterfly
• Clubbed or straight antennae
• Feathered or pointed antennae
Butterflies and Moths
Moth
Delaware Skipper Fox Moth (Central Asia)
Butterfly
• Wings rest upright • Wings rest at sides
Butterflies and Moths
Moth
Emperor Moth (Europe)Common Buckeye
Terminology
Upper
side
(dorsal) Lower
side
(ventral)
Forewings
Hindwings
Terminology
Dorsal
Forewing
Dorsal
Hindwing
Apex
Tornus
Veins
Spots
(sometimes
large eyespots)
Find the Monarchs
1 2 3
4 56
Find the Monarchs
1 2 3
4 56
Queen
Monarch
Painted Lady
Monarch
Pearl
Crescent
Viceroy
• Color(s): White
• Key Features: Black forewing apex with black dots
• Habitat: Open fields, lawns, road edges
• Extremely common
Cabbage White
• Color(s): Yellow and Orange
• Key Features: Orange wash in center of forewing, dark margins on males
• Habitat: Open fields, lawns, road edges
• Very common
Orange Sulphur
• Color(s): Yellow
• Key Features: Dark margins on males
• Habitat: Open fields, lawns, road edges
• Similar to Orange Sulphur but lacks orange wash
• Also similar to Cloudless Sulphur which lacks dark margins
Clouded Sulphur
Orange Sulphur
Clouded Sulphur
Clouded Sulphur Cloudless Sulphur
• Color(s): Light blue
• Key Features: Small tails and orange spots on hindwing
• Habitat: Open fields and meadows
• Similar to Summer Azure which lacks orange spots
Eastern Tailed-blue
Eastern Tailed-blue Summer Azure
Melissa Blue
• Color(s): Black, red, orange
• Key Features: Reddish-orange bands on forewings and hindwings
• Habitat: Open areas with flowers
Red Admiral
• Color(s): Orange, black
• Key Features: Orange with black apex, five eyespots on hindwing
• Habitat: Open and disturbed areas, old fields
• Similar to American Lady, which has two large eyespots instead of five small
Painted Lady
Painted Lady American Lady
• Color(s): Blue, black, orange
• Key Features: Blue iridescence, three orange spots at base of hindwing with row of orange spots
• Habitat: Deciduous mixed forests and moist uplands
• Visually similar to black swallowtail but much smaller
Red-spotted Purple
• Color(s): Orange, black
• Key Features: Bright orange with black veins
• Habitat: Meadows, weedy fields, moist areas
• Similar to Viceroy but larger and does not have black band bisecting hindwings
Monarch
Monarch Viceroy
• Color(s): Tawny (orange-brown) with black veins
• Key Features: Black margin spots, no silver spots on underside
• Habitat: Open sunny areas; prairies, pastures, fields, road edges
Variegated Fritillary
• Color(s): Dark brown
• Key Features: Dorsal forewing dark brown with white spots
• Habitat: Forested streams and clearings, forested edges
• Very friendly!
Hackberry Emperor
• Color(s): Orange, black
• Key Features: Orange with dark markings, brown smudge on ventral hindwing
• Habitat: Meadows and old fields
Pearl Crescent
• Color(s): Orange, black
• Key Features: Bright orange uppers with black spots, leafy underside with white question mark
• Habitat: Deciduous woodlands
• Almost identical to Eastern Comma
Question Mark
Question Mark Eastern Comma
• Color(s): Light brown
• Key Features: Pairs of yellow-rimmed black eyespots on fore and hindwings
• Habitat: Grassy woods and woodland openings
• Flies like it has a weight attached to it
Little Wood-Satyr
• Color(s): Black, yellow
• Key Features: Dark black, two rows of orange pots on ventral hindwing
• Habitat: Open areas, fields, gardens, meadows
• Similar to some Eastern Tiger Swallowtail females
Black Swallowtail
• Color(s): Yellow with black stripes, some females black
• Key Features: Tiger-striped
• Habitat: Deciduous broadleaf forests, edges, and river valleys
• Some females look similar to Black Swallowtail but have blue wash on hindwing
Eastern Tiger Swallowtail
Black Swallowtail FemaleEastern Tiger Swallowtail Female
Butterfly Watching Tips
• Have a field guide and pair of close-focus binoculars
• Choose a good weather day
• Above 70 degrees
• Sunny or mostly sunny
• Winds below 10 mph
• Walk slowly and watch
• Focus on flowering plants, puddles, or detritus
And remember...
It’s all in the details
Questions?