Causes of WW ICauses of WW I

1.1. Mutual Defense AlliancesMutual Defense Alliances

2.2. ImperialismImperialism

3.3. MilitarismMilitarism

4.4. NationalismNationalism

Immediate Cause:Immediate Cause:

The Assassination of the The Assassination of the

Archduke Franz FerdinandArchduke Franz Ferdinand

The Immediate Cause:The Immediate Cause:Archduke Franz Ferdinand DeathArchduke Franz Ferdinand Death

Archduke Franz Ferdinand- from Austria-Archduke Franz Ferdinand- from Austria-

HungaryHungary

1. Assassinated by a Serbian nationalist1. Assassinated by a Serbian nationalist

2. Killed in Sarajevo (Bosnia)2. Killed in Sarajevo (Bosnia)

* Serbia wanted to control * Serbia wanted to control SarajevoSarajevo

3. Led to countries all throughout 3. Led to countries all throughout Europe to take sides (form Alliances) Europe to take sides (form Alliances)

*** Domino effect by 1914*** Domino effect by 1914

Alliances- The Domino EffectAlliances- The Domino Effect

Alliance- system of backing other Alliance- system of backing other countriescountries

* forming sides (Protecting each other)* forming sides (Protecting each other)

Mutual Defense Alliances during 1914Mutual Defense Alliances during 1914

1.1. Russia and Serbia Russia and Serbia

2.2. Germany and Austria HungaryGermany and Austria Hungary

3.3. Britain and France and BelgiumBritain and France and Belgium

4.4. Japan and BritainJapan and Britain

Austria Hungary Declares WarAustria Hungary Declares WarEARLY STEPS TO WW I (Alliances…)EARLY STEPS TO WW I (Alliances…)*** As a result of the Archduke’s *** As a result of the Archduke’s

Assassination:Assassination:1.1. Austria Hungary declares war on SerbiaAustria Hungary declares war on Serbia2.2. Russia defends Serbia Russia defends Serbia 3. Germany declares war on Russia3. Germany declares war on Russia4. France is drawn in against Germany and 4. France is drawn in against Germany and

Austria HungaryAustria Hungary5.5. Germany attacks France inside of Germany attacks France inside of

BelgiumBelgium6.6. Britain is involved to defend Belgium Britain is involved to defend Belgium 7.7. Japan enters in to help BritainJapan enters in to help Britain

The “Isms”The “Isms”ImperialismImperialism- Stronger countries taking - Stronger countries taking

advantage of weaker onesadvantage of weaker ones * Increasing competition * Increasing competition * Wanted to grow into huge empires* Wanted to grow into huge empires

MilitarismMilitarism- Build up and focus on military - Build up and focus on military suppliessupplies

* Strong Military = Power* Strong Military = Power * Arms Race- gaining weapons* Arms Race- gaining weapons

NationalismNationalism- Countries being proud of their - Countries being proud of their own way of life (Sense of Identity)own way of life (Sense of Identity)

* Countries trying to prove their dominance* Countries trying to prove their dominance

War Breaks OutWar Breaks Out

The Central PowersThe Central Powers

1.1. GermanyGermany

2.2. Austria HungaryAustria Hungary

3.3. BulgariaBulgaria

4.4. Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire (Turkey)(Turkey)

*** USA- Neutral at this *** USA- Neutral at this time time

Allied ForcesAllied Forces

1.1. FranceFrance

2.2. Britain Britain

3.3. RussiaRussia

WW I and Trench WarfareWW I and Trench Warfare

Trench Warfare-Trench Warfare- Fighting a ground war in Fighting a ground war in “trenches” (All about Positioning)“trenches” (All about Positioning)

1. Shallow Ditches, tunnels w/ barbed wire1. Shallow Ditches, tunnels w/ barbed wire 2. Charging other trenches2. Charging other trenches *** Running Across “No Man’s Land”*** Running Across “No Man’s Land”

Battle of Verdun- Lasted 10 monthsBattle of Verdun- Lasted 10 months 1. Germans lost 400,000 men1. Germans lost 400,000 men 2. France lost even more trying to defend 2. France lost even more trying to defend

territoryterritory

Why the US entered the War…Why the US entered the War…German U-Boats would attack any ship that leftGerman U-Boats would attack any ship that leftBritish ports (Even “Neutral” Ones)British ports (Even “Neutral” Ones)

1. Germany attacked the Lusitania1. Germany attacked the Lusitania * British passenger ship (128 Americans died)* British passenger ship (128 Americans died) * President Wilson is outraged* President Wilson is outraged 2. 2. Zimmerman Telegram-Zimmerman Telegram- Germany trying to get Germany trying to get Mexico to wage war on the US Mexico to wage war on the US * Secret note of Alliance between Germany and Mexico* Secret note of Alliance between Germany and Mexico * US saw Germany as a “Trouble Maker”* US saw Germany as a “Trouble Maker”

3. 3. Russia Revolution-Russia Revolution- Czar Nicholas II loses power and Czar Nicholas II loses power and RussiaRussia

favors a democracy favors a democracy * Wilson supports Russia (Easier to favor Allies)* Wilson supports Russia (Easier to favor Allies)

US Enters the WarUS Enters the WarApril 2April 2ndnd 1917- President Wilson went to 1917- President Wilson went to

Congress to ask for a Declaration of WarCongress to ask for a Declaration of War

* Voted 455 to 56 to fight* Voted 455 to 56 to fight

Raising an ArmyRaising an Army

1.1. Selective Service Act- Required all menSelective Service Act- Required all men

from 21-30 to register for the militaryfrom 21-30 to register for the military

* 18 months- 4 million people joined forces* 18 months- 4 million people joined forces

2. Educated, trained and prepared to fight2. Educated, trained and prepared to fight

* All different ethnic groups* All different ethnic groups