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CELLULAR RESPIRATIONSTAGE 2: PYRUVATE OXIDATION & CITRIC ACID CYCLE
Thursday, June 11, 15
H C
C O
C
H
O
O-
H
Pyruvate
in thecytoplasm
End of GlycolysisX2
Thursday, June 11, 15
H C
C O
C
H
O
O-
H
Pyruvate
X2 Pyruvate is shuttled through the mitochondrial membranes and into
the matrix
in the matrix
Thursday, June 11, 15
CO Counter
0 2
X2
Energy Counter
0 ATP
0 FADH
S CoA
H C
C O
H
H
in the matrix
C OO
carbon dioxide
acetyl-CoA
Pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA
2 NADH
Thursday, June 11, 15
CO Counter2
X2
Energy Counter
0 ATP
0 FADH
S CoA
H C
C O
H
H
in the matrix
acetyl-CoA
Pyruvate Oxidation Ends
2 NADH 2
Thursday, June 11, 15
Kreb’s Cycle begins
CO Counter
2 2
X2
H C
CO
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
oxaloacetate
Energy Counter
0 ATP
0 FADH2
2 NADHin the matrix
S CoA
H C
C O
H
H
acetyl-CoA
Thursday, June 11, 15
2
X2
CO Counter2
citrate
H C
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
C CO
O-
C H
H O
H
Energy Counter
0 ATP
0 FADH2 NADH
2
The acetyl group joins to oxaloacetate to form citrate
Thursday, June 11, 15
Citrate is rearranged to form isocitrate
2
X2
CO Counter2
citrate
H C
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
C CO
O-
C H
H O
H
Energy Counter
0 ATP
0 FADH2 NADH
isocitrate
H
H C
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
C CO
O-
H C HO
2
Thursday, June 11, 15
Isocitrate is converted to α-ketoglutarate
X2
CO Counter2
α-ketoglutarate
H
H C
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
C
C
H
O
Energy Counter
0 ATP
0 FADH4 NADH 4
2
Thursday, June 11, 15
6
X2
CO Counter2
α-ketoglutarate is converted to succinyl-CoA
H
H C
C
H
O
O-
C
C
H
O
S CoA
succinyl CoA
Energy Counter
6 NADH0 FADH2
0 ATP
Thursday, June 11, 15
6
X2
CO Counter2
succinyl-CoA loses coenzyme A to become succinate
Energy Counter
6 NADH0 FADH2
0 ATP
P P
GDP
ATPP P P
A free floating phosphate group is added to a GDP molecule to make
GTP.
GTP reverts to GDP and transfers the phosphate group to an ADP to
produce an ATP molecule.
H C
C
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
H H
succinate
Thursday, June 11, 15
6
X2
CO Counter2
Succinate is converted to fumarate
Energy Counter
6 NADH2 ATP
2 FADH2
H C
C
C
C
O
O
O-
O-
H
fumarate
Thursday, June 11, 15
Fumarate is converted to malate
6
X2
CO Counter2
Energy Counter
6 NADH2 ATP
2 FADH2
O H
H C
C
C
C
O
O
O-
O-
H
H
malate
Thursday, June 11, 15
Malate is converted to oxaloacetate
6
X2
CO Counter2
Energy Counter
2 ATP
2 FADH2
8 NADH oxaloacetate
H C
CO
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
Thursday, June 11, 15
OVERVIEWPyruvate Oxidation
X2
C OO
carbondioxideacetyl-CoA
S CoA
H C
C O
H
H
NADH H+
H+
H
Pyruvate
H C
C O
C
H
O
O-
H
Thursday, June 11, 15
H C
CO
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
oxaloacetate
S CoA
H C
C O
H
H
acetyl-CoA
citrate
H C
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
C CO
O-
C H
H O
H
S CoA
succinyl CoA
H
H C
C
H
O
O-
C
C
H
O
S CoA
C
O
O
CO2
OVERVIEWKreb’s Cycle X2
H
H C
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
C
C
H
O
α-ketoglutarate
isocitrate
H
H C
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
C CO
O-
H C HO
CO
O
CO2
ATPP P P
P P
ADP
P
GDP
P P
P P P
GTPP
S CoA
H
H
FADH 2 FAD
H H
O
Water
NADH
NAD+
H
H+
NAD+NADH
H
H+
S CoA
succinate
H C
C
C
C
H
O
O
O-
O-
H H
malate
O H
H C
C
C
C
O
O
O-
O-
H
H
fumarate
H C
C
C
C
O
O
O-
O-
H
NADH
NAD+
H
H+
Thursday, June 11, 15
Products ofKreb’s Cycle
X2
ATP
P P P
C OO
2 CO
C OO
2
3 NADH
H
H
H
FADH 2
H
H
Thursday, June 11, 15
