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Mastering the World

Geography TEKS for the EOC

Unit 5: Political Geography

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Types of Governments

TEKS to be covered in this section

Government 14 (B) Compare how

democracy, dictatorship, monarchy, republic,

theocracy, and totalitarian systems operatein specific countries.

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Types of Governments

Monarchy

The oldest form ofgovernment

Main characteristic isthat ruler inheritspower

Monarchskings,emperors, or sultansfulfill their role as

supreme ruler bysurrounding themselves

with followers andadvisors

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Types of Governments

Monarchy

Constitutional

Monarchy- Modern

monarchies share powerwith elected legislature

Great Britain is an

example of a

Constitutional Monarchy

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Types of Governments

Republic

Republic- a government

without a King or Queen

People in a republicchoose representatives

to make decisions for

them

The United States is anexample of a republic

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Types of Governments

Democracy

In aDemocracy,government authority isbased on the will of the

people First democracy was in

Athens, Greece

Direct Democracy- Peoplevote on issues directly(Greece)

RepresentativeDemocracy- people arechosen to vote for theirpeople (Rome)

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Types of Governments

Dictatorship

Dictatorship- a single

person or small group

exercise power overtheir people

Dictators either seize

power by force or are

placed in authority byothers

Idi Amin, Former President

and Dictator of Uganda

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Types of Governments

Totalitarian Systems

In a Totalitarian System

of government, all

aspects of life arecontrolled by the

government

Examples are the Soviet

Union and Nazi Germany

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Types of Governments

Theocracy

ATheocracyis agovernment run byreligious leaders

Theocracy is an old formof government

*VERY IMPORTANT*

Muslim religious leaders

seized power in Iran in1979. Iran has both atheocratic and democraticstyle of government.

The Supreme Leader of Iran,

Ayatollah Ali Khamenei

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Nations: Borders and Power

TEKS Covered in this Section Government 13 The student understands the spatial

characteristics of a variety of global political units. Government 13 (B) Compare maps of voting patterns or

political boundaries to make inferences about the distribution

of political power. Government 14 The student understands the processes

that influence political divisions, relationships, andpolicies.

Government 14 (A) Analyze current events to infer thephysical and human processes that lead to the formation of

boundaries and other political divisions. Government 14 (C) Analyze the human and physical factors

that influence the power to control territory and resources,create conflict / war, and impact international politicalrelations of sovereign nations such as China, the United States,

Japan, and Russia and organized nation groups such as theUnited Nations, the European Union

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Nations: Borders and Power

Political Regions

Each government has

well established, clear

boundaries The area a government

controls creates a

Political Region

Levels of Governmentoverlap

City, County, State,

National

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Nations: Borders and Power

Political Maps

Political maps are

designed to show

boundaries separatingdifferent countries

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Nations: Borders and Power

International Relations andthe Balance of Power

Balance of Power amongsovereign nations ismaintained by countries

banding together to keep onecountry from becoming toopowerful

Worlds Major Powers include

United States

China

Russia

Japan

The United Nations

European Union

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Political Processes and

Citizenship TEKS Covered in this Section

Citizenship 15 The student understands how different points of viewand development of public policies and decision-making processeson the local, state and national, and international levels.

Citizenship 15 (A) Identify and give examples of different points of view thatinfluence the development of public policies and decision-making processeson local, state, national, and international levels.

Citizenship 15 (B) Explain how citizenship, practices, public policies, anddecision making may be influenced by cultural beliefs, including nationalismand patriotism.

Culture 18 Assess causes, effects, and perceptions of conflictsbetween groups of people, including terrorism.

Social Studies Skills 21 (B) Locate places of contemporarygeopolitical significance on a map.

Social Studies Skills 23 The student uses problem-solving anddecision-making skills, working independently and with others, in avariety of settings.

Social Studies Skills 23 (B) Use case studies to identify contemporarychallenges and to answer real-world questions.

Social Studies Skills 23 (C) Use problem-solving and decision-makingprocesses to identify a problem, gather information, list and consider options,

consider advantages and disadvantages, choose and implement a solution, andevaluate the effectiveness of the solution.

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Political Processes and

CitizenshipDecision-Making Processesand Government Policies

The steps one takes to make agood decision are known astheDecision-MakingProcess Identify the problem

Gather information

Consider options

Consider advantages anddisadvantages

Select, implement, and

evaluate the best option Governments make difficult

decisions on a daily basis andmust weigh their options forthe good of their people

Use the steps located to

the left to analyze the

following question Should Texas students

have to pass an End-of-

Course test in

Geography?

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Political Processes and

CitizenshipThe Importance of DifferentPoints of View

When governmentleaders make decisionsaffecting millions ofpeople, it is importantfor them to considerdifferent points of view

Government officials

often consult with avariety of advisors andexperts on a subject

when making a decision

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Political Processes and

CitizenshipThe Impact of CulturalBeliefs

Cultural Beliefs have atremendous impact ongovernment decision-making

Nationalism- the belief thateach people or ethnic groupshould have its owngovernment or nation-state.Nationalists believe theirnation to be superior to allothers

Patriotism- loyalty andsupport for ones country.Citizens should obey theircountrys laws and rally to itsdefense.

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Political Processes and

CitizenshipDifferent Viewpoints onInternational Issues

Take a few minutes to look

up info on the following

international hot-spots

Russia and Chechnya

Israel and Palestine

Iran and Nuclear Energy

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Political Processes and

Citizenship