Europe After Europe After RomeRome

Ss.A.2.4.7; SS.A.3.4.4; Ss.A.2.4.7; SS.A.3.4.4; SS.A.2.4.5; SS.A.1.4.2; SS.A.2.4.5; SS.A.1.4.2;

SS.B.2.4.1SS.B.2.4.1

Europe After the Fall of Europe After the Fall of Rome:Rome:

Germanic SocietyGermanic Society Romans & Germans intermarry, cultures Romans & Germans intermarry, cultures

mixmix Family=most important institutionFamily=most important institution German idea of family affects law:German idea of family affects law:

Roman LawRoman Law: crimes like murder are crimes : crimes like murder are crimes against state and society, criminal taken to against state and society, criminal taken to trial, convicted or acquitted trial, convicted or acquitted

Germanic Law:Germanic Law: Crime is personal, crime of Crime is personal, crime of one against another leads to one against another leads to personal/violent revengepersonal/violent revenge

WergildWergild: fines paid by offender to family of : fines paid by offender to family of injured or killed personinjured or killed person

Ordeal:Ordeal: Belief that divine intervention would Belief that divine intervention would not allow innocent people to be harmednot allow innocent people to be harmed

Germanic JusticeGermanic Justice

Role of the ChurchRole of the Church As Rome breaks apart, the church picks As Rome breaks apart, the church picks

up the pieces; steps in as stabilizing forceup the pieces; steps in as stabilizing force Church becomes highly organized around Church becomes highly organized around

parishes led by priestsparishes led by priests Bishops oversee many parishes in areas Bishops oversee many parishes in areas

called a called a bishopricbishopric, or diocese, or diocese Bishop of Rome becomes leader of entire Bishop of Rome becomes leader of entire

Roman Catholic Church, known as Roman Catholic Church, known as popepope Pope Gregory IPope Gregory I solidifies power of solidifies power of

papacy, converts many Germanic tribes, papacy, converts many Germanic tribes, strengthens Christian influence in Europestrengthens Christian influence in Europe

Pope Gregory the GreatPope Gregory the Great

MonasticismMonasticism

Living the life of a Living the life of a monkmonk, a person who , a person who separates himself from the world to live a separates himself from the world to live a life of total dedication to Godlife of total dedication to God

St. BenedictSt. Benedict establishes basic monastic establishes basic monastic rulesrules

Monasteries=self contained communities, Monasteries=self contained communities, centers of learningcenters of learning

Monks= missionaries (esp. Ireland & Monks= missionaries (esp. Ireland & Britain)Britain)

Women monks= Women monks= nunsnuns

Monastic LifeMonastic Life

The Germanic KingdomsThe Germanic Kingdoms AD 500, Germanic kingdoms replace AD 500, Germanic kingdoms replace

RomansRomans Many states ruled by Germanic kings pop Many states ruled by Germanic kings pop

upup Ostrogoths Ostrogoths (Italy) and (Italy) and VisigothsVisigoths (Spain) retain (Spain) retain

Roman government structureRoman government structure Romans not allowed to hold government Romans not allowed to hold government

officeoffice Roman culture weak in Britain, replaced by Roman culture weak in Britain, replaced by

Anglo-SaxonsAnglo-Saxons Many Germanic states replaced by othersMany Germanic states replaced by others Longest lasting Germanic state= Franks Longest lasting Germanic state= Franks

(France)(France)

The Kingdom of the The Kingdom of the FranksFranks

Established by Established by Clovis, Clovis, warrior and first warrior and first Germanic king to convert to ChristianityGermanic king to convert to Christianity

Clovis’ faith in Christianity won him Clovis’ faith in Christianity won him support of Roman Catholic Church support of Roman Catholic Church (Western Christianity)(Western Christianity) Church happy to have king as “friend”Church happy to have king as “friend”

Frankish kingdom occupies what is today’s Frankish kingdom occupies what is today’s France and western GermanyFrance and western Germany

Kingdom divided by Clovis’ sons, after Kingdom divided by Clovis’ sons, after deathdeath

The FranksThe Franks

Charlemagne & the Charlemagne & the CarolingiansCarolingians

600-700: Frankish kings lose powers to 600-700: Frankish kings lose powers to mayors of the palacemayors of the palace, who ran , who ran government/castlegovernment/castle

PepinPepin, son of Charles Martel (who defeated , son of Charles Martel (who defeated Muslims in Spain) rises to king, dies 768Muslims in Spain) rises to king, dies 768

Pepin’s son Charles the Great Pepin’s son Charles the Great (Charlemagne) becomes king of the Franks (Charlemagne) becomes king of the Franks (764-814) establishes (764-814) establishes Carolingian EmpireCarolingian Empire

Counts Counts acted for king across empire, acted for king across empire, Missi Missi dominici dominici (king’s messengers)(king’s messengers) keep counts in keep counts in checkcheck

Emperor CharlemagneEmperor Charlemagne

Charlemagne= most powerful Christian Charlemagne= most powerful Christian kingking Crowned “Emperor of the Romans” by popeCrowned “Emperor of the Romans” by pope Symbolizes joining of Christian, Roman & Symbolizes joining of Christian, Roman &

German cultures and societiesGerman cultures and societies Needing educated government and Needing educated government and

clergy, education important, esp. in clergy, education important, esp. in monasteriesmonasteries

Monks work in Monks work in scriptoria, scriptoria, copying copying classic works of literatureclassic works of literature

Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles the GreatCharles the Great

The ManThe Man AdministrAdministratorator

ConquerConqueroror

Patron of Patron of LearningLearning

Athletic, well-Athletic, well-spoken, spoken,

charismaticcharismatic

Delegator Delegator Aggressive Aggressive WarriorWarrior

Revived Revived classical classical

studystudy

Married four Married four timestimes

Retained local Retained local customscustoms

Strong Strong Frankish Frankish

armyarmy

Preserved Preserved Latin cultureLatin culture

Spoke Latin, Spoke Latin, understood understood

Greek, could Greek, could not writenot write

Divided Divided kingdom into kingdom into

districtsdistricts

Expanded & Expanded & consolidated consolidated Frankish ruleFrankish rule

Established Established monastic & monastic &

palace palace schoolsschools

Left empire to Left empire to this only sonthis only son

Used missi Used missi dominici to dominici to inspect and inspect and report on report on provincesprovinces

Class Work:

On Page 296, write and answer questions 1, 2, 4, 5, & 6