Françoise Bourdon Deputy Head of the Digital and Bibliographic Information Department French National Library IFRRO International seminar Oslo, October

Françoise BourdonDeputy Head of the Digital

and Bibliographic Information Department

French National Library

IFRRO International seminar

Oslo, October 21st, 2009

Providing access to Content in a Changing Environment :

Gallica and the access to

copyrighted books

A brief history of Gallica

Key dates 1989 : François Mitterrand announces the building of “a completely new kind of

library”, giving a central role to Information Technologies.

1992 : The scanning of documents begins… Microforms and antiquarian books bought for that purpose

1994 : Official creation of the New French National Library.

1997 : Gallica on-line library opens, giving access to 35,000 scanned volumes (90,000 by 2007)

10,000 images (80,000 by 2007)

Digitization guidelines from 1997 to 2006 Methodic creation of a research library

An encyclopedic and multi-disciplinary choice of documents, from the Middle Ages to the 1930s

Thematic studies : Travel in France, in Africa, Academic journals…

Targetted programs such as the digitisation of daily press

Gallica today

Digitization policy today 2006 : European digital library project Europeana

2008 : Mass-digitization program of printed documents 100,000 volumes per year during 3 years : digitization pace is increased tenfold

Fac-simile + OCR

2009 : Mass-digitization of other materials : images, manuscripts, music sheets, maps…

Digitized documents today Documents from BnF collections

Printed materials 130,000 monographs (50% ocerised) 3,900 journals, (470,000 items including 40% ocerised)

And also… 111,000 images (drawings, engravings, photographs), 5,000 maps, 1,000 sound recordings, 4,100 manuscripts, 2,000 music sheets

“Harvested” documents from partner collections Library partners : 6,900 documents Partnership with publishers : 14,000 in-copyright books

Purpose :Allow online access to recently published books in the strict observance of the copyright law

Parties involved in the experiment :Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF)

Syndicat national de l’Edition (SNE : French Publishers Association)

Direction du Livre et de la lecture (DLL : Book and Reading Directorate)

Centre national du Livre (CNL : National Center for the Book)

Main steps :May 2006 : letter from the minister to the president of BnF

Summer 2006 : creation of BnF/SNE workgroup

December 2006 : study request sent to an external consultant (Numilog) regarding the possible economic models

April 2007 : Numilog findings approved by BnF and SNE

October 2007 : agreement on a technical charter and a legal framework

March 2008 : official launch of the experiment on the occasion of Paris Book Fair

Access to copyrighted books :the Gallica experiment

Single search gatewaygallica.bnf.fr

Single search gatewaygallica.bnf.fr

Full text search

Copyrighted booksCopyrighted booksNon-copyrighted booksNon-copyrighted books

Free access to whole text

Free access to whole text

Paid access to whole text(partial or complete download in various formats, rent, purchase of boundcopy, etc. : depends on the e-distributor’s technical and

business model)

Paid access to whole text(partial or complete download in various formats, rent, purchase of boundcopy, etc. : depends on the e-distributor’s technical and

business model)

Free browsing through a display of pages’ sample

Free browsing through a display of pages’ sample

Free access to enhanced reference

(description, table of contents, front cover, back cover, short

abstract, etc.)

Free access to enhanced reference

(description, table of contents, front cover, back cover, short

abstract, etc.)

No exclusivenessNo commercial role played by the BnF

No exclusivenessNo commercial role played by the BnF

On Gallica’s websiteOn Gallica’s website On e-distributor’s websiteOn e-distributor’s website

Economic model selected

Example :search « Alfred Nobel »

Protocols and technical model

e-distrib. 1OAI-NUM repository




partner library 1OAI-NUM repository




BnFOAI-NUM repository

BnFOAI-NUM repository

IndexIndex

Metadata : OAI-PMH protocol (format DC and Onix)

e-distrib. 1Document

server


server


server


server

BnFDocument

server

BnFDocument

server

Full text : FTP protocol (basic XML format)

Sea

rch

Resu

lts

Website access : HTTP protocol (HTML / Ajax)


viewer


viewer


viewer


viewer

partner library 1

Document viewer

partner library 1

Document viewer

partner library 2

Document viewer

partner library 2

Document viewer

Document viewer

Document viewer

In the near future…

Partners involved and financial support

Heritage documents(philosophy, history, literature, religion, science...) International programmes(daily press, legal documentation, secondary history and sciences such as genealogy, languages and learning of languages...)

Europe in all its aspects (political philosophy, national identities, history, economy, business, work, professional activities, science and technology, social matters...)

…12 e-distributors …more than 100 publishers

…if offers by publishers and e-distributors fit Gallica documentary policy :

French National Center for the Book (CNL) offers financial support to…

French National Center for the Book (CNL) offers financial support to…

Evaluation

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

March2008

July2008

Nov.2008

Feb.2009

Aug.2009

Sept.2009

Number of copyrighted books available on Gallica

Ratio copyrighted books / non-copyrighted books available on Gallica

Copyrighted books : 14 278

Non-copyrighted books : 133 792

Ratio copyrighted books / all types of documents available on Gallica

Copyrighted books : 14 278

All types of non-copyrighted documents : 884 728

Few books were actually bought on the e-distributors platforms

The experimentation guaranteed a good visibility for the publishers and the e-distributors

Next steps

Capitalize on the technical and organisational options

developped throught the experimentation

Address the public’s demands and expectations regarding

copyrighted books :

Offer books that better fit Gallica documentary policy

Improve ergonomy (transition between Gallica’s and e-

distributors’ platforms)

Offer book rental (paper or digital) via a collaboration with

booksellers and regional or university libraries

Offer free access to whole text in BnF reading rooms

Contribute to ARROW

Thank you for your attention