Hepato-Nephrosis Syndrome in Broiler Chicks in Kathmandu Valley

8/14/2019 Hepato-Nephrosis Syndrome in Broiler Chicks in Kathmandu Valley

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Hepato-NephrosisHepato-Nephrosissyndrome in Broilersyndrome in BroilerChicks in KathmanduChicks in Kathmandu

Valley :2009Valley :2009

Dr.Kedar KarkiDr.Kedar Karki


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Background During the first week of July 2009

there has been a sudden increase in

death of broiler chicken above oraround 5 week age with symptomslike hepato-

nephrosis,hydropericaedium,flipedover.


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Since the incidence of hepato-nephrosiswas noticed on farms using a particularfeed and that change of feed invariablyhelped to control the mortality rate within3- 5 days, the investigation were divertedto determine the Fungal spp.contents offeed.Major fungus spp. recovered from

different feed samples,and posr-mortemtissue samples were Penicillium, Aspergillussingly or together


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Feed quality problems due tocontamination with moulds andmycotoxins are believed to be theprimary cause of serious liver andkidney disease in broiler and layerchicks


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Hepato-nephrosis is responsible for aserious increase in mortality of broilerand layer chicks which has risen from 12to 30% and 6 to 10% respectively.


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Earlier during 1987 a similar situationwas created due to hydropericardium

syndrome in broilers which caused and isstill causing heavy mortality in youngchicks in Pakistan


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The incidence of hepato-nephrosis wasfirst seen during August 1996 with ahistory of sudden deaths withoutapparent morbidity.


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Postmortem lesions consisted ofenlargement of the liver with differentdegrees of discolouration and evenhaemorrhages.

The gall bladder was invariablydistended with pale yellowish green bile

water contents and a marked congestionof the duodenum.


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Kidneys also showed extreme swellingand distention with urates.Hepatonephrosis was seen


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Hepato-nephrosis lesions

in liver and kidneys.

@kedar karki/KTM


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Enlargement and necrosis

lesions of the liver.

@kedar karki/KTM


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Discolouration of livers

in Hepato-nephrosis.@kedar karki/KTM

A t ti t


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Acute congestion o t eduodenum in Hepato-

nephrosis.@kedar karki/KTM


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Acute nephrosis in a

young broiler chick.@kedar karki/KTM


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Hepato-Nephrosis In

Chicks Amongst the various toxins, aflatoxinis known to cause both hepatic and

kidney lesions consisting ofcongestion, enlargement and a firmappearance with a distended gallbladder.


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Kidneys are swollen, enlarged andcongested while the duodenum isdistended with catarrhal contents.


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Similarly ochratoxins also cause paleyellow discolouration and necrotic liverlesions along with nephrotoxity as thekidneys are enlarged and look pale.


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Citrinin is also said to cause swollenkidneys and necrosis of liver whileOosporiein too cause nephrotoxity andhigh mortality while liver is mottledhaving focal necrosis. The gall bladder isdistended with a translucent green to

yellow bile.


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During the investigations in this case, itwas noticed that birds receiving morethan one type of Fungus contaminated

feed had mortality increased many fold.There was also some relief fromproviding a 2% sugar solution as sourceof drinking water during the initialstages, besides changing the feed. Theproblem is still continuing due to a greatscarcity of quality feed ingredients.


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@kedar karki/KTM

Documents

Hepato-Nephrosis Syndrome in Broiler Chicks in Kathmandu Valley