LAO PDR: Northern Community Management Irrigation Sector Project

8/8/2019 LAO PDR: Northern Community Management Irrigation Sector Project

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Lao PDRLao PDRGender Equality ResultsGender Equality Results--

Northern CommunityNorthern Community-- Management IrrigationManagement IrrigationSector Pro ect (NCMI)Sector Pro ect (NCMI)

Theonakhet SaphakdyTheonakhet Saphakdy

GAD Specialist, LAO PDRGAD Specialist, LAO PDR

or s op, an aor s op, an aOctober 27, 2010October 27, 2010

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The views expressed in this paper are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not

guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of theiruse. The countries listed in this paper do not imply any view on ADB's part as to sovereignty or independent statusor necessarily conform to ADB's terminology.



Project BackgroundProject Background

Project TimelineProject Timeline14 October 2004 to14 October 2004 to 30 April 2011.30 April 2011.

Reduce rural poverty in five Northern provinces through sustainedReduce rural poverty in five Northern provinces through sustainedagricultural growth.agricultural growth.

Increase agricultural production and incomeIncrease agricultural production and income--earning opportunitiesearning opportunitiesthrough the development of Community Management Irrigationthrough the development of Community Management Irrigation(CMI) schemes with strong community ownership(CMI) schemes with strong community ownership..

Project OutputsProject Outputs1. Community mobilization1. Community mobilization2. Institutional capacity building for better participatory planning2. Institutional capacity building for better participatory planning

facilitation and technical managementfacilitation and technical management3. CMI investment3. CMI investment4. Agricultural extension and resource planning.4. Agricultural extension and resource planning.

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ro ect xecut ng gencyro ect xecut ng gency

Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (Irrigation Dept.)Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (Irrigation Dept.)



Key Gender Issues Identified in Project DesignKey Gender Issues Identified in Project Design

Women traditionally play a major role in irrigationWomen traditionally play a major role in irrigation--relatedrelatedactivities and all phases of the riceactivities and all phases of the rice--cropping cyclecropping cycle

men due to:men due to:☹ LLower level of literacyower level of literacy

☹

meetings, training initiatives, and study tours.meetings, training initiatives, and study tours.☹ A few women farmers are appointed to decisionA few women farmers are appointed to decision--making positionsmaking positions

in Water User Association Committees,in Water User Association Committees,☹ A few women are appointed as technical assistants in localA few women are appointed as technical assistants in local

government agencies.government agencies.☹ The number of femaleThe number of female--headed households in the project area isheaded households in the project area is

limited, and they are not necessarily categorized as vulnerablelimited, and they are not necessarily categorized as vulnerablegroupsgroups— —except for young widows with small children, andexcept for young widows with small children, anddivorcees.divorcees.

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A woman brin s fruits and ve etables for

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city (1500 kip per kilogram)

selling in the city



Gender Action Plan AchievementsGender Action Plan Achievements

Project Output 1: Establishment of viable community organizations with strong

ownership and participation of all villagers

ExpectedGAP Output

Indicators Responsibilities Achievements

Providing the

enablingenvironmentfor women to

At least

one manand onewoman

PMT&DLWU The Project has completed mobilization of

Community Level Organizers (CLO) in allsubprojects, with a total of 144 CLOs: 65women (45.1%) with minimum of two CLOs

more activelyand effectively

participate inthe public

from eachvillage

appointedas

in each village with representation of womenand indigenous groups found in each

community.Water User Associations WUA have been

decision-makingprocesses atthe community

community- levelorganizer

formed in all 33 subprojects and registered with2,467 households as members, of which 35%percent is female.

level.

constructed with Water User Associations andwater supply service fees system in place. Atotal of 3,232 laborers,1,113 (34.4%) women

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water supply system maintenance.

PMT: Project Management team

DLWU: District Lao Women’s Union




Project Output :2. Local government agencies capable in providing effective

,

ExpectedGAP Output


’

women’sparticipation incommunity

women incommunitymeetings

activities, DLWU was involved in (i) villageconsultations, (ii) establishment of WUA/ farmerproduction groups (FPGs) , (iii) initial social

partnershipactivities on

an equal basis

projectactivities.

,monitoring, and (v) work allocation forconstruction works, etc.

DLWU’s support for women's participation has

(e.g.,meetings andfarmer

mprove e num er o women par c pan s ncommunity meetings and in project activities56,5%

.

6PMT: Project Management team





Project Output :3. Irrigation Schemes upgraded with full participation of

, .

ExpectedGAP Output


’participation inWater User

Groups

water usergroup(WUA)

,a total of 15 groups for system of riceintensification (SRI), with 453 members. Thesegroups were households based. Women

arewomen.

.






.land and upland, and land and water resource use optimized in

the project communities

Output

Promote menworkin with women

50% croproductivit

PMT There were 24 crop productivityim rovement rou s, 409

in the Project (e.g.,on-farm crop

productivityimprovement trials)

improvementgroup members

are women

members 50% were women fordiversified crops

Prioritize women’sneeds (e.g., DAFSOextension officers

Project identifywomen needs

PMT&DLWU To support the upland farmers,the project provided technicaltraining on poultry raising for

providing training infields requested bywomen such asanimal health

upland farmers, particularlywomen farmers who raisedchickens a total of 326households in 33 subprojects

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interventions).

PMT: Project Management team





Project Output :4. Increased agricultural production options for both irrigated land and

u land and land and water resource use o timized in the ro ect communities con’tExpected GAP Output Indicators Responsibilities Achievements

Reducing rice deficitsand thereby

50% offarmers

PMT Demonstrations of improved riceproduction in both wet and dry seasons in

contributing to

household foodsecurity

are

women

all subprojects, especially on improved

rice varieties using system of riceintensification (SRI) technique in selectedfields. The SRI was implemented in all 33schemes with a total area of 487 hainvolving 1,162 farmers and in 20subprojects in dry season 2009-2010 with372 ha involving 1,300 farmers 50% offarmers were women

Adding value toexisting uplanda ricultural activities

50% ofwomenartici ate

PMT Diversified crops have been introduced indemonstration plots covering 227 haand1 001 households 50% of member

via appropriate andmarket orientedtechnology options.

indemonstration plots

were women






Project Output :4. Increased agricultural production options for both irrigated land and

u land and land and water resource use o timized in the ro ect communities con’t

Expected GAPOutput

Indicators Responsibilities

Achievements

Providing women with Facilitate and PMT&DLWU To support upland farmers further, poultrythe opportunity to

decide whatknowledge theywould like to acquire

provide

opportunity towomen forimproving

raising was re-started during the dry

season 2009-2010. Through villageconsultations, a total number of 358households were selected to form poultry

through training. family incomethrough

training

raising groups and receive relatedextension support from the Project.

Women took lead in poultry raising





Impact StoryImpact Story

Ngoi district of Luangprabang province is one of the 11 districtsNgoi district of Luangprabang province is one of the 11 districts..

Muangxeun village of Ngoi district is one of the three villages of theMuangxeun village of Ngoi district is one of the three villages of the..

This village comprises total population ofThis village comprises total population of 258 inhabitants, 144258 inhabitants, 144. .. .

The Project improved the irrigation system, introduced newThe Project improved the irrigation system, introduced newtechni ues to im rove ields includin the s stem of ricetechni ues to im rove ields includin the s stem of rice

intensification (SRI) technique, and provided water supply withintensification (SRI) technique, and provided water supply withemphasis on strong community ownership and participation.emphasis on strong community ownership and participation.

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Model familyModel family

This case study shows how an individual family hasThis case study shows how an individual family hasbenefited from the project interventions and especially,benefited from the project interventions and especially,how women’s status has improved.how women’s status has improved.

. , ,. , ,DaoHeuang Chitphanya, 52 years old have been activeDaoHeuang Chitphanya, 52 years old have been active

participants in project activities.participants in project activities.

Like other families in project areas, Ms. Sida’s familyLike other families in project areas, Ms. Sida’s familyimproved their livelihoods due to project interventions.improved their livelihoods due to project interventions.

The positive impact is presented with a comparativeThe positive impact is presented with a comparative’’

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..the project intervention.the project intervention.



Comparison of family situation before and after the Project interventionComparison of family situation before and after the Project intervention

CriteriaCriteria Before project interventionBefore project intervention After project interventionAfter project interventionArea of rice field (Low land)Area of rice field (Low land) 0.65 hectares0.65 hectares 2.5 hectares2.5 hectares

Number of rice cropping perNumber of rice cropping peryear (improved technologyyear (improved technology

1 time (wet season only)1 time (wet season only) 2 times (wet & dry seasons2 times (wet & dry seasonsdue to irrigation and ricedue to irrigation and rice

an rr ga on sys ems .an rr ga on sys ems . n ens ca on sys emn ens ca on sys em

Slash and burn (upland rice)Slash and burn (upland rice) 2 hectares per year2 hectares per year No Slash and burnNo Slash and burn

Rice productionRice production 1.6 tons (insufficient rice)1.6 tons (insufficient rice) 22 tons (surplus)22 tons (surplus)

Property ownershipProperty ownership

LaborLabor--saving Assetssaving Assets

Division of laborDivision of labor

A small and temporaryA small and temporaryhousehouse

A concrete house wasA concrete house wasconstructed in 2008constructed in 2008

Rented a buffalo to clear theRented a buffalo to clear the Own/use a tractor 2008 (20Own/use a tractor 2008 (20

(husband + wife)(husband + wife)

clear land and carry firewoodclear land and carry firewood

Used labor cleaning rice fieldUsed labor cleaning rice fieldand garden (wife work)and garden (wife work)

Own/use a lawn mower inOwn/use a lawn mower in2010 (2.8 million kip)2010 (2.8 million kip)

us anus anUsed labor for controlling aUsed labor for controlling aboat to go to city and fishingboat to go to city and fishing

Own a motor boat (2009) soOwn a motor boat (2009) socan reach markets andcan reach markets andhospitals easilyhospitals easily

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Used rice mortar (wife)Used rice mortar (wife) Own a rice millOwn a rice mill --8hrs saved8hrs saved

No fan, TV, refrigerator andNo fan, TV, refrigerator andfurniturefurniture

Purchased fan, TV,Purchased fan, TV,refrigerator and furniturerefrigerator and furniture



Comparison of family situation before and after the Project interventionComparison of family situation before and after the Project intervention

Criteria Before project After project intervention

Basic Needs

Family Well-Being

No electricity Accessed to electricity 2005

No water supply, wash Water supply available, wash.

No toilet Household toilet was constructedin 2008, improved HH sanitation

Owns a sundries sho in her house

income-generatingopportunities for

Ms. Sida

earning benefit 40,000 kip/day

No garden Has a garden (planting vegetable,

beans and cucumbers); sellssurplus (24 million kip income)

No livestock Raises chickens ducks & pigs dueto enough water, bran and rice tofeed animals. 3 million ki / ear .

Education of 7 children Children could notcontinue to study afterelementary school

Children continue to study afterelementary school, one already inuniversity in Vientiane

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Health No medical check up.

Went to hospital only inserious case

Yearly medical check up.

Go to hospital immediately whenthey are sick.





ConclusionConclusion

ee ort ernort ern ommun tyommun ty-- anagementanagement rr gat onrr gat on ro ectro ectwaswas ratedrated asas aa highlyhighly successfulsuccessful projectproject inin achievingachieving itsitsGADGAD objectivesobjectives andand targetstargets..

ItIt hashas improvedimproved women’swomen’s decisiondecision makingmaking statusstatus inin theirtheir householdshouseholdsandand communitiescommunities..

asas mprovemprove agr cu uraagr cu ura pro uc onpro uc on anan oooo secur ysecur y..

It has provided incomeIt has provided income--earning opportunities for both menearning opportunities for both men and womenand women

strong community ownership.strong community ownership.

It has improved family well being with reduction in women’s workloads,It has improved family well being with reduction in women’s workloads,

ncreases n ncome an a orncreases n ncome an a or--sav ng asse s, an mprovesav ng asse s, an mproveopportunities to access education, health, information services andopportunities to access education, health, information services andmarketsmarkets..

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Before the project intervention

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Ms. Sida spent at least one and a half hours collected water

from Ou River for daily used.



After the project interventionAfter the project intervention

18Ms. Sida now can use clean water supply near by her home



19No road connection from village to other placesMs. Sida and her Sundries shop



202020A former house The current house



Thank you for your attention

ADB - LRM Project Officer and Gender Specialist in the field

Documents

LAO PDR: Northern Community Management Irrigation Sector Project