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National Disaster in Lao PDR National Disaster in Lao PDR Third Annual Mekong Flood Forum Third Annual Mekong Flood Forum 07-08 April 2005 07-08 April 2005

National Disaster in Lao PDR

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National Disaster in Lao PDR. Third Annual Mekong Flood Forum 07-08 April 2005. Topics. I. Government policy on disaster risk management II. Strategy plan of Govt. III. District Vulnerability Analysis IV. Impact of the Natural Disater on the Agriculture Sector - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: National Disaster in Lao PDR

National Disaster in Lao PDR National Disaster in Lao PDR

Third Annual Mekong Flood ForumThird Annual Mekong Flood Forum07-08 April 2005 07-08 April 2005

Page 2: National Disaster in Lao PDR

TopicsTopics• I. Government policy on disaster risk I. Government policy on disaster risk

managementmanagement

• II. Strategy plan of Govt.

• III. District Vulnerability AnalysisIII. District Vulnerability Analysis

• IV. Impact of the Natural Disater on the IV. Impact of the Natural Disater on the Agriculture SectorAgriculture Sector

• V. Preliminary measure to counter the V. Preliminary measure to counter the flood flood and to resolve the problems of and to resolve the problems of losseslosses

• VI. Lessons LearnedVI. Lessons Learned

Page 3: National Disaster in Lao PDR

I. Government policy on disaster I. Government policy on disaster risk managementrisk management

• Since Lao PDR Inaugurated 1975 - Govt.’s Policy on Social Since Lao PDR Inaugurated 1975 - Govt.’s Policy on Social Welfare:Welfare:– Help after war migration ( Permanent Resettlement)Help after war migration ( Permanent Resettlement)– Relief people affected by natural disaster (food, shelter Relief people affected by natural disaster (food, shelter

and basic need). and basic need). • Prior to 1995, the operational responsibility for national Prior to 1995, the operational responsibility for national

disaster issues rested with the Ministry of Agriculture and disaster issues rested with the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry; Forestry;

• 1995, MLSW took responsibility – Mitigation and Relief 1995, MLSW took responsibility – Mitigation and Relief Activities widely implemented with NGOs partners. (post Activities widely implemented with NGOs partners. (post Disaster).Disaster).

• In the process of developing its capacity to perform this In the process of developing its capacity to perform this role, NDMO was established in 1997, supported from role, NDMO was established in 1997, supported from UNDP.UNDP.

• Since Lao PDR Inaugurated 1975 - Govt.’s Policy on Social Since Lao PDR Inaugurated 1975 - Govt.’s Policy on Social Welfare:Welfare:– Help after war migration ( Permanent Resettlement)Help after war migration ( Permanent Resettlement)– Relief people affected by natural disaster (food, shelter Relief people affected by natural disaster (food, shelter

and basic need). and basic need). • Prior to 1995, the operational responsibility for national Prior to 1995, the operational responsibility for national

disaster issues rested with the Ministry of Agriculture and disaster issues rested with the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry; Forestry;

• 1995, MLSW took responsibility – Mitigation and Relief 1995, MLSW took responsibility – Mitigation and Relief Activities widely implemented with NGOs partners. (post Activities widely implemented with NGOs partners. (post Disaster).Disaster).

• In the process of developing its capacity to perform this In the process of developing its capacity to perform this role, NDMO was established in 1997, supported from role, NDMO was established in 1997, supported from UNDP.UNDP.

Page 4: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Organization Chart for Disaster Management in Lao PDROrganization Chart for Disaster Management in Lao PDR

Prime Minister’s Office(PMO)

Prime Minister’s Office(PMO)

National Disaster Management Committee (NDMC)

Ministry Focal Points (MFP)

Provincial Disaster ManagementCommittee (PDMC)

District Disaster ManagementCommittee (DDMC)

Village Disaster Protection Unit(VDPU)

Provincial Focal Points in Unit (PFPU)

District Focal Points in Unit (DFPU)

National Disaster Management Office (NDMO)

Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW)

Ministry Focal Points in Unit (FPU)- Road accident- Fire Brigade- Flood & drought Protection-Lao Red Cross-- Meteorological department

Legend Belonging line Coordination line

Page 5: National Disaster in Lao PDR

NDMO role and responsibilities are: • A. Taking care about coordination and cooperation disaster management activities within country and outsider:• Providing expert advice to the NDMC.• Promoting coordination with ministerial focal points and with partners.• Promoting disaster mitigation and preparedness activities at the local level.• Implementing community awareness activities (including of projects).• Providing training, guidelines and plans to make disaster risk management more effective.• Establishing disaster management implementation teams at the national, provincial and district level.

Page 6: National Disaster in Lao PDR

• Beside coordinating disaster risk management Beside coordinating disaster risk management activities within the government sector, the NDMO activities within the government sector, the NDMO is an implementing partner of the World Food is an implementing partner of the World Food Programme (WFP) and a number of disaster Programme (WFP) and a number of disaster preparedness, prevention and mitigation projects preparedness, prevention and mitigation projects of International and Non-Government of International and Non-Government Organizations such as Asian Disaster Reduction Organizations such as Asian Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC), Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADRC), Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC), Care International Laos, Concern Center (ADPC), Care International Laos, Concern World Wide Laos, World Vision Laos, Oxfam CAA World Wide Laos, World Vision Laos, Oxfam CAA and MRC.and MRC.

Page 7: National Disaster in Lao PDR

II. Strategy plan of Govt.To reduce disaster risks and contribute to poverty eradication, the Government set to achieve the following targets by 2005-2010-2020:

The aims to 2020 are:• Making Lao society safer and minimizing the impact of disaster to people life, country economy, government’s and population property.• To timely assist to the victims of disaster helping they mitigate disaster impact and quick return to normalcy.• Building completed legal system on disaster management and prevention of disaster impact to individual, community, society and country economy.•Making disaster management concept and environmental protection as unique to development and becoming cultural perception of society.

Page 8: National Disaster in Lao PDR

The Goals to 2010 are:

• Establishment of DDMC at all districts.• Establish DM focal points and contact persons in all major government agencies, units, privates, factories and other.• Develop early warning information receiving points at risky to disaster villages.• Establish storages at provinces and some vulnerable to disaster districts.• Continue sustainable public awareness and education programs through media.• Expand DM training in all sectors at various levels.• Organizing drills and simulation exercises with participation of emergency rescue teams of sectors and population.• Enhance capability on cooperation with ASEAN, region and international on exchanging of expertise, information on DM and joint implementing projects, simulation exercises and relief drills.

Page 9: National Disaster in Lao PDR

The Goals 2005 are:• Establish DDMC with created their role and responsibility at 80% of total districts through out country.• Establish DM focal points and contact persons as appropriate at :

- 10% of total primary school- 20% of junior secondary school- 30% of upper secondary school- 50% of professional school- 80% of military division- 40% of factory.

• Develop DM regulation and code.• Enhance and establish information dissemination system and receiving at 30% of total 142 districts in country. Establish information dissemination at 30% of vulnerable village.

Page 10: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Annually organize 4 DM training courses for government officials and privates at provincial and district levels and 4 other courses for village leaders.• Establish rescue and relief teams at VTE MUN, provinces base on manpower of military, police, schools and Lao Red Cross volunteer.• Develop hazards and risk map of Lao PDR.• Establish DM information exchange centre at the NDMO and urban disaster information at the Urban Research Institute ( URI ).• Organize 2 rescue drills or simulation exercises on annual basic• Integrating DM concept into other projects of urban and rural development with focused on flood, drought, fire, land management, bank erosion, water management, protection of environment, forest and other natural resources. NDMO is a center focal point on implementation.

Page 11: National Disaster in Lao PDR

III.III. District District Vulnerability AnalysisVulnerability AnalysisA district level vulnerability analysis was A district level vulnerability analysis was undertaken by the VAM unit in 2001 that undertaken by the VAM unit in 2001 that incorporated the commissioned results of incorporated the commissioned results of studies undertaken by the National Statistics studies undertaken by the National Statistics Center on food security, poverty and the like Center on food security, poverty and the like to select appropriate indicators of food to select appropriate indicators of food security. security. Considerable efforts were Considerable efforts were mademade to select a to select a small number of relevant indicators so to small number of relevant indicators so to ensure the resulting ensure the resulting vulnerability vulnerability index was index was simple and easy to understand. simple and easy to understand. SixSix indicators of food security were selected: indicators of food security were selected: (rice production per capita, villages' (rice production per capita, villages' distance to road, access to forest, livestock, distance to road, access to forest, livestock, education, and health) and these were education, and health) and these were reduced to a single index of vulnerability reduced to a single index of vulnerability using data reduction techniques that ranked using data reduction techniques that ranked each district according to vulnerability to each district according to vulnerability to food insecurity.food insecurity.

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE P.

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

100°E

10

0°E

105°E

10

5°E

15°N 15°N

20°N 20°N

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR 2003Vulnerability Analyses undertaken by

VAM Unit - 2001

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,

ESRI World Data 2002, in-country files fromthe National Geographic Department

Geographic Coordinate SystemNorth American Datum 1927

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯Legend

Vulnerability IndexVery Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Medium

Better Off

Lao PDR: WFP Vulnerability Analysis (142 Districts)World FoodProgramme

0 130 26065 Kilometers

Page 12: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Data Sources for IndicatorsData Sources for Indicators

1. Rice Production per capita (Ag. Census 98/99)1. Rice Production per capita (Ag. Census 98/99)2. Livestock (cattle & buffalo) per hh (Ag. Census 2. Livestock (cattle & buffalo) per hh (Ag. Census

98/99)98/99)3. Forest area (hectares) per hh (MRC 1997)3. Forest area (hectares) per hh (MRC 1997)4. % of villages within 6 km of main road (NGD 1998)4. % of villages within 6 km of main road (NGD 1998)5. % population with no education (Pop Census 1995)5. % population with no education (Pop Census 1995)6. Crude death rate (Pop Census 1995)6. Crude death rate (Pop Census 1995)

Page 13: National Disaster in Lao PDR

• Rice self-sufficiency is the key indicator of Rice self-sufficiency is the key indicator of household poverty in Lao PDR (CPC/ADB household poverty in Lao PDR (CPC/ADB 2000)2000)

• A total of 24 of the 134 districts (red) have A total of 24 of the 134 districts (red) have access to less than 8 months of rice per access to less than 8 months of rice per capita – under the assumption of an 180 capita – under the assumption of an 180 kg rice requirement per capita (Ag Census kg rice requirement per capita (Ag Census 1998/99)1998/99)

• 62 districts produce less than the average 62 districts produce less than the average annual requirement - red and orange (Ag annual requirement - red and orange (Ag Census 1998/99)Census 1998/99)

• It is only in the last few years that Laos It is only in the last few years that Laos has achieved a self-sufficiency status in has achieved a self-sufficiency status in national rice production. national rice production.

• This is a very recent milestone, as This is a very recent milestone, as importation rate for rice were been 0% for importation rate for rice were been 0% for only four years since 1961 when FAO only four years since 1961 when FAO started monitoring the trade in rice (FAO started monitoring the trade in rice (FAO 2003)2003)

Rice Production Rice Production per Capitaper Capita

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

10

0°E

10

5°E

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR January 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,and ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by National Geogrpahic Department,Rice Production figures from the Ag. Census 98/99

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯Legend

Rice per CapitaDefecit (less than 8 months)

Sufficient to defecit (8-11 months)

Sufficient (11-13 months)

Sufficient - surplus (13+ months)

Lao PDR: Rice per CapitaWorld FoodProgramme

60 0 60 120 18030 Kilometers

Page 14: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Livestock per Livestock per HouseholdHousehold

• Owning livestock (especially large Owning livestock (especially large animals such as cattle and buffalo) is a animals such as cattle and buffalo) is a key indicator of wealth for rural key indicator of wealth for rural households. Livestock can be households. Livestock can be considered as a ‘savings mechanism’ considered as a ‘savings mechanism’ or a ‘bank account’ to be accessed in or a ‘bank account’ to be accessed in difficult times - rather than a resource difficult times - rather than a resource for pure consumptionfor pure consumption

• Income from livestock sales in upland Income from livestock sales in upland areas can range from 25-50% of total areas can range from 25-50% of total household incomehousehold income

• TThe national average is 2.6 cattle and he national average is 2.6 cattle and buffaloes per household. buffaloes per household.

• Over 70% of agricultural holdings Over 70% of agricultural holdings have chickens, 48% buffalo, 49% pigs have chickens, 48% buffalo, 49% pigs and only 31% have cattleand only 31% have cattle

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

10

0°E

10

5°E

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR January 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,and ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by National Geographic Department, National Average is 2.6 cattle/buffalo per HH.

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations̄

Legend

Large Animal< 1.6 per HH

1.61 - 2.50 per HH

2.51 - 3.50 per HH

> 3.5 per HH

Lao PDR: Cattle and Buffalo per Household 98/99World FoodProgramme

60 0 60 120 18030 Kilometers

Page 15: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Forest Area per Forest Area per HouseholdHousehold

• Forested areas are considered as the Forested areas are considered as the hectare equivalent of high-density forest per hectare equivalent of high-density forest per household (these figures include a range of household (these figures include a range of land cover classes)land cover classes)

• NTFPs such as bamboo and rattan shoots, NTFPs such as bamboo and rattan shoots, fish, wild animals and vegetables are fish, wild animals and vegetables are important sources of food, especially for important sources of food, especially for rural households in remote areasrural households in remote areas

• NTFPs provide essential welfare and safety NTFPs provide essential welfare and safety net functions; they are often collected when net functions; they are often collected when sources of food or income are deficient sources of food or income are deficient

• Field surveys in 1996 showed that 90 % of Field surveys in 1996 showed that 90 % of income is derived from NTFPs among the income is derived from NTFPs among the poorest households (IUCN/DoF 1996)poorest households (IUCN/DoF 1996)

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

10

0°E

10

5°E

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR January 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,and ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by National Geographic Department, Forested Areas are calculated as the ha equivalent

to high density forest per HH.

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations̄

Legend

Forest AreasLess than 10 ha

10 - 30 ha

30 - 50 ha

More than 50 ha

Lao PDR: Forest Areas per Household 97World FoodProgramme

60 0 60 120 18030 Kilometers

Page 16: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Village Access Village Access to Roadsto Roads

• The road infrastructure plays a major The road infrastructure plays a major role in facilitating a community’s role in facilitating a community’s access to basic services – these include access to basic services – these include health, education, communications and health, education, communications and access to market services, (thus access to market services, (thus providing opportunities for income and providing opportunities for income and dietary diversification).dietary diversification).

• 60% of the villages in the north and 60% of the villages in the north and 54% of the villages in the south are 54% of the villages in the south are “inaccessible” in the rainy season “inaccessible” in the rainy season (LECS II).(LECS II).

• Road access is a significant indicator Road access is a significant indicator of poverty. 50% of the population of poverty. 50% of the population considered as poor reside in areas that considered as poor reside in areas that cannot be accessed by road. cannot be accessed by road. Comparatively, 25% of people Comparatively, 25% of people classified as poor can be accessed by classified as poor can be accessed by roads (NSC-WFP 2000, not published).roads (NSC-WFP 2000, not published).

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

10

0°E

10

5°E

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR January 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,and ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by National Geographic Department, Rice Production figures from the Ag. Census 98/99

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯Legend

Road Access (6km)Less than 30%

30 - 50%

50 - 70%

More than 70%

Lao PDR: Village Access to Road World FoodProgramme

60 0 60 120 18030 Kilometers

Page 17: National Disaster in Lao PDR

• Overall, 37 % of the population have Overall, 37 % of the population have never attended formal or informal classes never attended formal or informal classes (LRHS 2001)(LRHS 2001)

• Over 55% of the villages nationwide do Over 55% of the villages nationwide do not have a “complete primary school”. In not have a “complete primary school”. In some Provinces (Phongsaly, Luang some Provinces (Phongsaly, Luang Namtha, Oudomxay, Sekong) as much as Namtha, Oudomxay, Sekong) as much as 80-90% of villages do not have a 80-90% of villages do not have a complete primary school (LECS II)complete primary school (LECS II)

• Education of the head of the household is Education of the head of the household is correlated to poverty (LECS 97/98) and correlated to poverty (LECS 97/98) and education of females is correlated to education of females is correlated to levels of child malnutrition (Kaufmann, levels of child malnutrition (Kaufmann, 1997). The education of males correlates 1997). The education of males correlates to the successful adoption of new to the successful adoption of new agricultural techniquesagricultural techniques

Population with Population with No EducationNo Education

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

10

0°E

10

5°E

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR January 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,and ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by th National Geographic Department, Education data taken from the Census 95

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯Legend

No EducationLess than 35%

35 to 50%

50 to 65%

More than 65%

Lao PDR: No EducationWorld FoodProgramme

60 0 60 120 18030 Kilometers

Page 18: National Disaster in Lao PDR

• The crude death rate was the only The crude death rate was the only countrywide health indicator available countrywide health indicator available at district level in 2001at district level in 2001

• Infant mortality rate are 82 per 1,000 Infant mortality rate are 82 per 1,000 live births while the under five-live births while the under five-mortality rate is 107 per 1,000. mortality rate is 107 per 1,000. Maternal mortality is 530 per 100,000 Maternal mortality is 530 per 100,000 (LRHS 2001). (LRHS 2001).

• Immunization programmes have been Immunization programmes have been carried out in 87 % of the villages. In carried out in 87 % of the villages. In some provinces, the figures are as high some provinces, the figures are as high as 100 % in Xayaboury and as 100 % in Xayaboury and Champasack and as low as 34 % in Champasack and as low as 34 % in Sekong (LECS II) Sekong (LECS II)

Crude Death RateCrude Death Rate

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

10

0°E

10

5°E

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR January 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,and ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by National Gepgraphic Department, The CDR is the only nation wide health indicator.

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯Legend

CDR (per 1000)19 - 32

12 - 19

8 - 12

0 - 8

Lao PDR: Crude Death Rate 95World FoodProgramme

60 0 60 120 18030 Kilometers

Page 19: National Disaster in Lao PDR

IV. Impact of the Natural IV. Impact of the Natural Disater on the Agriculture Disater on the Agriculture

SectorSector

Page 20: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Drought & FloodingDrought & Floodingusing data from the MLSWusing data from the MLSW

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

100°E

10

0°E

105°E

10

5°E

15°N 15°N

20°N 20°N

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,& ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by the National Geographic Department.

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯LegendLoss of Planted Area (%)

2.83 - 12.52

12.53 - 23.38

23.39 - 35.92

35.93 - 62.51

Province

2004 Drought Response: Loss of Planted AreaWorld FoodProgramme

0 60 120 180 24030Kilometers

Summary of drought affected areas:Lowland and upland rice cultivation

Data Source: (i) Ministry of Agriculture &Forestry, Provincial Agriculture and Forestry Divisions, (ii) National StatisticsData, and (iii) World Food Programme

Special Note:Irregated Rice data has been estimated for 2003-2004

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

100°E

10

0°E

105°E

10

5°E

15°N 15°N

20°N 20°N

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,& ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by the National Geographic Department.

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯LegendMin Ag. Months Rice Defecit

-12.72 - -2.53

-2.52 - -1.23

-1.22 - -0.63

-0.62 - -0.22

Province

Min Ag 04: Number of Months wth Rice DefecitWorld FoodProgramme

0 60 120 180 24030Kilometers

Summary of drought affected areas:Lowland and upland rice cultivation

Data Source: (i) Ministry of Agriculture &Forestry, Provincial Agriculture and Forestry Divisions, (ii) National StatisticsData, and (iii) World Food Programme

Special Note:Irregated Rice data has been estimated for 2003-2004

Page 21: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Drought & FloodingDrought & Floodingusing data from the MLSWusing data from the MLSW

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

100°E

10

0°E

105°E

10

5°E

15°N 15°N

20°N 20°N

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,& ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by the National Geographic Department.

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯LegendNumber of Affected People per District

496.86 - 4024.62

4024.63 - 8923.43

8923.44 - 19432.6319432.64 - 41380.57

Province

Min Ag 04: Number of People Affected World FoodProgramme

0 60 120 180 24030Kilometers

Summary of drought affected areas:Lowland and upland rice cultivation

Data Source: (i) Ministry of Agriculture &Forestry, Provincial Agriculture and Forestry Divisions, (ii) National StatisticsData, and (iii) World Food Programme

Special Note:Irregated Rice data has been estimated for 2003-2004

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

10

0°E

10

5°E

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR January 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,and ESRI World Data 2002. In country files

produced by WHO (Health Mapper 2.0), Flood data from the Ministry of Agriculture 2002

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯LegendAreas Flooded

15 - 582

583 - 1508

1509 - 2132

2133 - 4700Provincial Boundaries

District Boundaries

Lao PDR: Areas Flooded (ha) 2002World FoodProgramme

90 0 90 180 27045 Kilometers

Page 22: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Agricultural YieldsAgricultural Yieldsusing data from the MAFusing data from the MAF

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

100°E

10

0°E

105°E

10

5°E

15°N 15°N

20°N 20°N

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,

and ESRI World Data 2002. In country spatial files produced by National Geographic Department,

Agriculture data from the Ministry of Agriculture 2003

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯LegendMinistry of Agriculture: Rice per Capita

8 - 50 Kg

51 - 150 Kg

151 - 211 Kg

212.4 - 456 Kg

Lao PDR: Rice Available per Capita 2003 [Ministry Agriculture]World FoodProgramme

60 0 60 120 18030 Kilometers

Rice Production (Mt) = 1,457,343Annual Rice Requirement = 212.4 Kg per capita

Total Surplus = 25%

HUAPHANH

VIENTIANE

XAYABURY

SAVANNAKHET

KHAMMUANE

PHONGSALY

LUANGPRABANG

BORIKHAMXAY

CHAMPASACK

OUDOMXAY

ATTAPEU

BOKEO

SEKONG

SARAVANE

XIENGKHUANG

LUANGNAMTHA

XAYSOMBOUN

VIENTIANE M.

Myanmar

Thailand

Vietnam

Cambodia

China

100°E

10

0°E

105°E

10

5°E

15°N 15°N

20°N 20°N

Map Produced by VAM-Unit Lao PDR 2003

Spatial Files from Global Discovery Digital Mapping by Europa Technology LTD 2001,

and ESRI World Data 2002. In country spatial files produced by National Geographic Department,

Agriculture data from the Ministry of Agriculture 2003

Projected Coordinate SystemUTM, WGS 84, Zone 48N

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accceptance by the United Nations

¯LegendPAFO Per Capita Rice Availability

-27 - 75 Kg

76 - 150 Kg151 - 211 Kg

212.4 - 702 Kg

No Data

Lao PDR: Per Capita Rice Availability 2003 [PAFO]World FoodProgramme

60 0 60 120 18030 Kilometers

Rice Production (Mt) = 1,087,425Annual Rice Requirement = 212.4 Kg per capita

Total Shortfall = 77,432 Mt or 7%Please note that these figures are over-estimated

Page 23: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Table: Flood destroyed AreaNo Province

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Northern 1500 1215 255 0 161 20 240 1,810 207 357 2 Phongsaly 10 184 20 - 962 - - 3 Luangnamtha 135 - - 157 - - 4 Oudomxay 15 - - 110 - - 5 Bokeo 102 136 - - 377 - - 6 Luangprabang 579 178 40 3 - 10 64 - 25 7 Huaphanh 28 668 180 32 - - 140 5 100 8 Xayabury 646 49 20 126 - 230 202 232

Central 55,061 42,350 26,370 - 4,792 28,350 30,193 24,151 607 13,078 1 Vientiane.C 15687 210 2800 390 11,290 5,080 5,493 90 1,488 9 Xiengkhuang 50 57 102

10 Vientiane 9651 131 3400 430 350 1,100 761 34 1,140 11 Borikhamxay 9188 3436 5070 202 250 8,370 5,644 1,150 12 Khammuane 13498 17430 6900 4,000 4,440 7,040 6,200 13 Savannakhet 6790 21038 8200 3770 12,460 11,153 5,156 350 3,100 18 Xaysomboon 247 105 31

Southern 5,759 23,981 6,750 - 3,549 14,530 11,790 8,103 - 960 14 Saravan 2110 800 1883 1,400 - 222 - 550 15 Sekong 350 50 - - - - - 16 Champasack 5759 19194 5700 466 12,060 11,790 7,432 - 410 17 Attapeu 2327 200 1200 1,070 449 - -

Grand Total 62,320 67,546 33,375 - 8,502 42,900 42,223 34,064 814 14,395

Page 24: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Table: Destroyed Area by DroughtNo Province

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Northern 2,605 1,416 5,650 11,478 749 0 10 0 1,598 502 Phongsaly 120 374 - - - 101 53 Luangnamtha 180 4 - 10 - 63 - 4 Oudomxay 150 4,810 3,529 - - - 1,342 - 5 Bokeo 71 - - - - 456 Luangprabang 1,255 179 200 - - - - 07 Huaphanh 900 35 640 3,851 549 - - - 40 08 Xayabury 1,131 3,720 200 - - - 52 0

Central 4,160 20,333 110 11,926 960 - 25 - 42 342 1 Vientiane.C 60 189 60 352 - - - - 1429 Xiengkhuang 902 80 - 25 - - -

10 Vientiane 200 686 30 421 470 - - - - 20011 Borikhamxay 3,200 9 200 40 - - - - - 12 Khammuane 100 4,962 160 - - - - - 13 Savannakhet 14,468 20 9,891 370 - - - - - 18 Xaysomboon 600 19 - - - 42 -

Southern 300 263 50 5,798 - - - - - 8,168 14 Saravan 4,549 - - - - 55015 Sekong 802 - - - - 164016 Champasack 78 50 154 - - - - 387817 Attapeu 300 185 293 - - - - 2100

Grand Total 7,065 22,012 5,810 29,202 1,709 - 35 - 1,640 8,560

Page 25: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Table: Destroyed Area by pestsNo Province

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Northern 512 646 2640 3123 2838 60 70 52 26 3032 Phongsaly 63 2 800 - - - - 153 Luangnamtha 1 45 55 10 10 30 50 - - 4 Oudomxay 50 205 1,094 2,696 - - - - - 5 Bokeo 56 - - - - - 6 Luangprabang 100 9 300 30 40 2 - 1007 Huaphanh 148 604 1,200 1,974 62 - - - 26 1508 Xayabury 95 30 90 70 20 - - - 38

Central 3,042 1,756 2,185 291 479 840 - 3,961 1,783 210 1 Vientiane.C 117 169 130 - - - - - 9 Xiengkhuang 768 100 90 20 - 759 - -

10 Vientiane 78 81 1,300 20 142 0 - 32 - 21011 Borikhamxay 1,525 647 800 127 10 - - 12 - 12 Khammuane 49 564 230 - 3170 1771 - 13 Savannakhet 347 243 85 41 120 580 - - - - 18 Xaysomboon 158 52 - - - - -

Southern 544 813 200 65 1,075 50 - 180 - 12 14 Saravan 102 10 1075 10 - - - - 15 Sekong 37 802 200 6 40 - 164 - - 16 Champasack 57 1 59 - - - 1217 Attapeu 348 - - 16 - -

Grand Total 4,098 3,215 5,025 3,479 4,392 950 70 4,193 1,809 525

Page 26: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Table: Rainfed Rice Area damaged by Natural DisaterTotal Planted Area Loss of Production

(Ha) (Ha) (%) (Tons) Direct Indirect Total1995 440,783 73,483 17% 214,600 34,336 N/A1996 455,873 92,773 20% 274,600 43,936 N/A1997 465,310 44,210 10% 136,600 21,856 N/A1998 462,881 32,681 7% 94,700 15,152 N/A1999 491,803 14,603 3% 46,000 7,360 N/A2000 519,320 43,850 8% 143,400 25,095 N/A2001 529,098 42,328 8% 140,900 24,658 N/A2002 557,727 38,257 7% 132,800 23,771 N/A2003 569,223 4,263 1% 13,700 2,466 N/A2004 596,856 23,480 4% 70,200 12,987 N/A

Affected Area Damages (Thousand US$)

Page 27: National Disaster in Lao PDR

Other Damages to agriculture, cattle Other Damages to agriculture, cattle raising and fishingraising and fishing

Direct damagesDirect damages– Damages or destruction of Irrigation Damages or destruction of Irrigation

Schemes (201 Sites) or equivalent of Schemes (201 Sites) or equivalent of (3,058,000 US$)(3,058,000 US$)

– Damages or destruction of fish farming Damages or destruction of fish farming ponds (382 ponds) or equivalent ponds (382 ponds) or equivalent 1,650.850 US$.1,650.850 US$.

– Losses in animal stockLosses in animal stock• 76 dead Buffaloes 76 dead Buffaloes •17 dead cattles17 dead cattles•50 dead pigs 50 dead pigs •3,840 dead birds3,840 dead birds

• Indirect damages (No data)Indirect damages (No data)

Page 28: National Disaster in Lao PDR

V. Preliminary measure to counter V. Preliminary measure to counter the flood and to resolve the the flood and to resolve the

problems of losses problems of losses • To set up a National Committee to relief the To set up a National Committee to relief the consequence of the flood headed by the Minister of consequence of the flood headed by the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF);Agriculture and Forestry (MAF);

• Effort have been made jointly among the different Effort have been made jointly among the different Ministries coupled with the assistance from different Ministries coupled with the assistance from different embassies, UN organization and NGO and the embassies, UN organization and NGO and the mobilization of the students to upgrade the flood mobilization of the students to upgrade the flood protection dike;protection dike;

• The MAF together with the Ministry of LSW, Finance, The MAF together with the Ministry of LSW, Finance, Commerce, SPC and the Agricultural Promotion Bank Commerce, SPC and the Agricultural Promotion Bank sent their staff to make the preliminary assessment sent their staff to make the preliminary assessment of the flood and its damaged. These teams have of the flood and its damaged. These teams have worked closely with each province and plan how to worked closely with each province and plan how to maintain properly the remaining crops and maintain properly the remaining crops and concentrate on the dry season cropping after the concentrate on the dry season cropping after the flood to substitute the lossesflood to substitute the losses

Page 29: National Disaster in Lao PDR

• Meanwhile, the evacuation of equipment’s, Meanwhile, the evacuation of equipment’s, fertizers, seed from the stations in lower fertizers, seed from the stations in lower areas were being made together the areas were being made together the evacuation of households and other evacuation of households and other properties;properties;

• Repair damaged irrigation schemes, such as: Repair damaged irrigation schemes, such as: water pumps, structures, canals, etc.in water pumps, structures, canals, etc.in guaranteed operational conditions for the guaranteed operational conditions for the forthcoming dry season rice cultivation in due forthcoming dry season rice cultivation in due time;time;

V. Preliminary measure to counter V. Preliminary measure to counter the flood and to resolve the the flood and to resolve the

problems of losses (Continue..)problems of losses (Continue..)

Page 30: National Disaster in Lao PDR

• High coverage and timely vaccination of animals High coverage and timely vaccination of animals against potential post-flood epidemics;against potential post-flood epidemics;

• Coordination between the Ministry of Commerce Coordination between the Ministry of Commerce and import-export companies for the importation and import-export companies for the importation of necessary crop varieties, chemical fertilizer, of necessary crop varieties, chemical fertilizer, pesticide, animal feed, animal medicines, etc. in pesticide, animal feed, animal medicines, etc. in time for the production season.time for the production season.

• Source of fundsSource of funds: Mobilization of domestic sources : Mobilization of domestic sources of funds from the population has not suffered of funds from the population has not suffered from the flood, from the private sector, from the flood, from the private sector, companies and acquisition of international companies and acquisition of international assistance for the improvement of the flood assistance for the improvement of the flood victim’s living conditions, investment in victim’s living conditions, investment in production, maintenance of damaged production, maintenance of damaged constructions, buildings, irrigation canals, roads, constructions, buildings, irrigation canals, roads, bridges, etc. back to normal conditionbridges, etc. back to normal condition

V. Preliminary measure to counter V. Preliminary measure to counter the flood and to resolve the the flood and to resolve the

problems of losses (Continue..)problems of losses (Continue..)

Page 31: National Disaster in Lao PDR

VI. Lessons LearnedVI. Lessons Learned• Focus on human resources developmentFocus on human resources development • Optimum combination of survey methodsOptimum combination of survey methods

• Need linkages with national and local Need linkages with national and local authorities authorities

• Promote mitigation policies and risk Promote mitigation policies and risk managent beyond response to preventionmanagent beyond response to prevention

• Improvement and expansion of methodology Improvement and expansion of methodology in social and environmental aspectsin social and environmental aspects

• Long-term perspectives & phased approachLong-term perspectives & phased approach • Cooperation with international donorsCooperation with international donors

Page 32: National Disaster in Lao PDR

THANK YOU!THANK YOU!

khob Chai!khob Chai!