Mobile Artillery vs Jap Fortifications 28 May 1945

7/30/2019 Mobile Artillery vs Jap Fortifications 28 May 1945

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MOBILEARTLERvJAPFORTFCATONS-


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INTRODUCTION This booklet describes weapons, vehicles and ammunition especially The mount ing of hea vy field pieces and powerful tank and anti -tank

adapte d to the a tta ck of fortifications likely to be encountered in the war guns on motor carriages and tanks provides great mobility and protectionwith Jap an. Ty pes of fortifi cations covered are concrete pillboxes, log to the gun crews for close-in fighting.and/or earth bunkers and caves. For the terminal effects of ma teriel of oth er calibers, reference is made

Data in this brochure are for the 155 mm Gun RIotor Carriage, M40 to TM 9-1907, "Ballistic Dat a, Performance of Ammunition," Vol. 111,(T83), which mounts either the 155 mm Gun, M lA l or Rt2, the Heavy of the "Terminal Ballistic Data" Series, and "Standard Artillery andTan k M26 (T26E3), and the Gun Moto r Carriages of th e M36 Series Ammunition Against Reinforced Concrete Pillboxes" (Second Progresswhich mount t he 90 mm Gun, M3. Report, date d 15 February 1944).


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TABLE OF:-t- I -I. .-3'

--A Pagecarri?age, G u n Motor, 15 5 mm, M 40 (T83)

-"? Description.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . .. Illustration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2' Characteristics.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1 Tank, Heavy, M 26 (T26E3)Description.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

I Illustration.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3

- - Carriage, G u n Motor, 90 mm, M 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -I.. c t Description.. 9:--.-

I Illustration.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 -l_r-.-

C O N T E N T S&r2 4

p&gZFFCharacteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&-z C Carriage, G un Motor, 90 mm, M36Bl cT~?y_?

Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . s ~fzk,f.- 3Carriage, G u n Motor, 90 mm, M36B2 7 . F ~Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .p.6,d r-5

Terminal Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c:Illustrat ion, Shell, H.E., 155 mm, M101, s?with Fuz e, C.P., R'l78. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . q q g ~pIllustrations, Shell, H.E., 155 mm, M101, 'ZZH-.with Fuze, C.P., M78, effect on concrete pillboxes. . . . . . . . 9 x 7

f. . - - a > T ' - -


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CARRIAGE, MOTOR, 155mm GUN, M40 (T83)

THIS gun motor carriage was designed to provide highly mobile heavyartillery capable of being put into action in the minimum time. It canbe used effectively against targets of the type likely to be encountered -in the war with Japan.

Principal armament is the 155 mm Gun M lA l or M2 on Mount M13(T14), a moun t consisting essentially of the top carriage, recoil mechanism,and the elevating and traversing mechanisms from the standard fieldpiece. Mounted in th e center rear of th e vehicle, the gun can be elevatedfrom -5" to +55O and can be traversed 18' left and 18" right. A spadea t the rear of the vehicle can be dropped to the ground a nd imbeddedfor th e purpose of increasing the sta bilit y of the vehicle while firing.

Thi s vehicle is based on a chassis th at uses components of the MediumTank 3T4 but is wider, lower, longer and lighter in weight than the M4chassis. The power train components are standard items used in currentproduction models of medium tanks of th e M4 series, as are also th e


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suspensions and tracks. T he suspension is of t he horizontal volute sp ringtype, with three bogies on each side. The tracks are 23 inches wide and7have ce nter guides.

r, Power is supplic(l by a Cont inen tal R-975-C4 engine throug h a constant,mesh synchronized transmission that provides five speeds forward and, -+ .-= one re\'erse.@ " L . -, The vehicle has stowage for 20 rounds of 155 mm am munition , including~:,;. ' -.;tr3propelling charges, primers and fuzes, and for small arms ammunit ionc- P';>I and grenades.m:. The differential and final drive housing used is the same as for 1\T4s ,C -


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f p-'b -- -: ,ax&. , ; p :' ," ' * . . . . .: . -- ; , : rS : 3 '\\. . . -# . .zay 5. r " t7 /1:$i,;-:;&;A;aA&&N MOTOR, 15 5 mm, M40 (T83)-CHARACTERISTICS

Crew. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 Physical Characteristics:

Weigh t (gross). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83,000 Ib. Length, Hull.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 ft., 9 in. Over-all, with armament. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 ft. Width. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 0 ft., 4 in. Height (center line of bore). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 ft.,6 in. Ground Clearance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 in . Tread (center to center of tracks). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101 in. Ground contact length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I7 3 in. Ground pressure.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10.4 Ib./sq. in. Armament:

155 mm Gun M iA 1 or M2 n Mount M13 (TI4)Elevation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -5" t o f55"Traverse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18" right and 18' leftProvision for:Cal. .30 carbines.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8a Grenade Launcher M 8 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . I

Ammunition: Stowage: 155 mm (HE, M i01 or MlO1B). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 rounds Cal . .30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .960rounds Grenades,Hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2 Grenades, Rifle, M9A1.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 10 Armor: Actual Basis

Hull, Front, Upper.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in. 11/4 in. Lower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 n.-21/2 in. 4 in. Sides, Below sponson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..In. 1 in. Above sponson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1/2 in. 1/2 in. Rear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in. in. Top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in. in. Bottom, First 36 inches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 in. 1 in. Remainder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in. 1/2 in. Gun Shield.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in. 3/4 in. Performance:Maximum speed on level.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..2 4 m.p.h. Maximum grade ability.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .60%


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Trench crossing abili ty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 ft., 8 in. Vertical obstacle abil i ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 in. -* Fording depth (slowest forward speed). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 in . . Fuel capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PO0 gal. _ Cruising Range (approx.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I 50 m il es YVision an d Fire Control:PeriscopeM6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Panoramic Telescope MI2, w/lnstrument Lig ht M19 ,. on Telescope Mt. M7 5 (T I 22 ). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..1--.TelescopeM69 F w/lnstrument Light M36, on Telescope Mt. M 75 (T i 22). . . . . . . . . . 1Elbow Telescope M 1 6A 1F (TI 35) w/lnstrument L ight M 36,on Telescope Mt. M 7 1 (TI 24). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IQuadrant Mou nt MI, w/lnstrument Light M1 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Gunner 's Quadrant M I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Enbine, Ma ke and Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Continental R-97544 Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radial, A.C. No.ofcy l inders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Fuel (gasoline). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80 octane

Gross hp.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 60 at 2,400 r.p.m. #Max, torque.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,025 Ib.-ft. at 1,800 r.p.m. -Transmission: Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Constant mesh, synch ronized Communications:Radio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .SCR-608,610,619, or British No . 1 9 Interphonestations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . attery: Vol tage, to ta l . .24Fire Protection a nd Decontamination:Fire Extinguisher, C 02 -1 0 Ib. (Fixed). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C02-4Ib.(hand) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Suspension: Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Horizontal volute spring Track: Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..T66 or 1 80 Steel Width. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 in. Pitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..No. of shoes per vehicle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I 7 6


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* Trench crossing abili ty.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 ft., 8 in. Vertical obstacle abi lity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 in. - Fording depth (slowest forward speed). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 n. . Fuel capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PO0 gal. .Cruising Range (approx.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I 50 miles Vision a nd Fire Control:

Periscope M6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Panoramic Telescope M12, w/lnstrument Light M I9,. on Telescope Mt. M 75 ( Ti 22). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.-Telescope M6 9F w/lnstrument Light M 36, on Telescope Mt. M7 5 (T122). . . . . . . . . .1Elbow Telescope M I6 A 1F (TI 35) w/lnstrument Ligh t M36 ,on Telescope Mt . M7 1 (T i 24). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Quadrant Mount MI, w/lnstrument Light M12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Gunner's Quadrant M I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Engine, M ak e and Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Continental R-975-C4 Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radial, A.C. No.ofcyl inders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Fuel (gasoline). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..80 octane

Gross hp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 6 0 at 2,400 r.p.m. --FFMax. torque.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,025 Ib.-ft. a t 1,800 r.p.m. -Transmission: Type.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Constant mesh, synchro nized Communications:

Radio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .SCR-608,610,61 9, or British No . 19 Interphonestations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Battery: Voltage, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Fire Protection an d Decontamination:

Fire Extinguisher, C o p 1 Ib. (fixed). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P C02-4Ib.(hand) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Suspension: Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Horizontal volute spring Track: Type.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T66 or T80 Steel Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 i .Pitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

No. of shoes per vehicle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I 7 6


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TANK, HEAVY, M26

.s vehicle was designed t o provide a ta nk with mobility comparableI the Medium Tank, M 4 Series, but with considerably more firepower

and armor protection. Th e heavy a rmor allows this vehicle to be employedclose to th e targets being engaged.

Compact in design, it is lower and wider than Heavy Tanks M6 andM6A1, and is not as heavy. It has greater firepower and heavier armor,and has better mobility and maneuverability.

Weighing 46 tons, th e vehicle has a ground pressure of only 12.7 lb./sq. in.and can be operated at speeds up to 25 m.p.h. The unit ground pressurecan be reduced to 10.9 lb./sq. in. by using the T80E1 type track withextended end connectors. I t will climb a 60% grade and will cross a trench7 feet 11 inches wide.

PrincipaI armament is a 90 mm Gun M3 , mounted coaxially with aCa1. .30 Machine Gun M1919A4 in the turret. These guns can be depressedto - 10' and elevated to +20 and can be traversed through 360, either


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4

rn2-11~ or by power. The 90 mm Gun is equipped with a muzzle brake.mr' suspension is of the individually sprung torsion bar type, with.b &$ Jr springs and double-acting shock absorbers to give additionalprotcation. Th is typ e of suspension provides a more st able firing platform.A ceqter guided track, 23 or 24 inches wide, is used.

~ & er is supplied by a Ford GSF gasoline engine through a torqmatictrdimission and a controlled differential, the tracks being driven byspf~ijketsa t the rear.

BE>"Tr

"-"9-7Fy:' * 3


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T tp"?p?:G7.:: ~ ; rI , I . ' * L , I

s , '- - '* ";


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Turret, Front. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 n . 4 in. Sides an d Rear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 in. 3 in. To p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 in. Gun mount shield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41/2 in . Performance:Sustained speed o n le vel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 0 m.p.h. Maximum grade abi l i ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..60?0 Trench crossing ability.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 ft., 11 in. Ver t ical obstacle abi l i ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 n . Fordin g depth (slowest forward speed). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..48 in. Turning diam eter.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 0 f t . Fuel capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I 8 6 g a l. Cruising range (approx.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 miles Vision a nd Fire Control:Commander's V ision Cupola. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 Periscopes M 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..6 Periscope M 1OF, w/lnstrument Light M 3 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

(1 Periscope M4 A 1, w/Telescope M7 7F as spare) Periscope Mount, M7 3 (Tl13) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 Telescope M 7 1C, w/lnst rument Lig ht M33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Te lescopeMount M7P(T90) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Elevation Quad rant M9, w/lnstrument Light M3 0. . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Gunner's Quadrant M I. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .1

? q f i p m n .9{ Is,rtPyerR a F -' - f t + . : * '.;;- ;i : ,- " P r ,. 1 " 6 :Azimuth Indicator M T ~ ' . . * . =: . . :. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Pistol Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Communications: . .Radio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..SCR-508, 528, 608, British No. 19, o r AN / V R C 3 Interphonestations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Battery: Voltage, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 Fire Protection an d Decontamination:Fire Extinguisher COz-10 Ib. (fixed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 C 02-4 I b . ( hand) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Decontaminating Apparatus M2,11/2 qt.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Engine: M a k e a n d M o d e l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F or d, G A F Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .V8,L.C. N o . o f cy l inders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuel (gasoline). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..80 octane Maximum governed speed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2,600 r.p.m. Gross hp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 0 at 2,600 r.p.m. Maximum torque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,04 0 Ib.-ft. a t 2,200 r.p.m. Transmission: Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Torqmatic Suspension:Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . orsion bar Track: Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80E1 or T81 Steel W id t h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 o r 24 n . Pitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i p ~ . : ~ r q 6 c2. . .? . . . , ...:.. .; . . . . . . xi :; 1 6 4 No. of shoes per vehicle. .l, .+. r,a.c. . . * . .MY ..I- . 2=. . :: :J. in.' .. 3,

. . . ., I. - ..- . *- ,-".,... -_:> ... . . . ' .. :.1? - > ,:*'-- ., --

.


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CARRIAGE, MOTOR, 90 mm

GUN, M36

Thi s is a modif icat ion of t he 3- inch G un M otor ca rr iage, MIOA1,des igned to provide a more powerful self-propelled antitank gun. Thisweapon may be advantageously utilized for direct fire against reinforcedconcrete or log and/or ear th bun kers or caves .

Pr incipal weapon is the 90 mm Gu n, 3f 3 in 90 mm Gun Mou nt, M4A1,in a turret with 3G0 power traverse. The gun has a muzzle brake.Essential ly the same hull an d chassis of the 3- inch Gun 3 Iotor Carr iage,RIlOAl, have been used. X new turret with a par t ial tur ret basket has been

added. Seats , t ravers ing with the turret , are pror idecl for the gunner ,loader, and commander .

T o ~ r o v i d e o r t h e s to w a ge of 47 rounds of 90 mm ammunition, thesponson stiffener brackets have been moved forward.Power is supplied by a Ford GAA gasoline engine. It has a maximumsneed of 26 m.p.h. on level road and a cruising range of 150 miles.


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tbt' C ~ 1 ~ ~ 90 mm, ~ wO T O R , ~ M36-CHARACTERISTICS b ~ ~ . ; tc -'Crew. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Physical Characteristics:

Weight (gross). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .62,000 Ib. Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PO ft., 2 in. Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .1 0 ft. Height-pedestal A.A. gun' olded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 ft., 11 in. Groundclearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .171/8 in. Tread (center to center of tracks). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .83 in. Ground contact length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,147 in. Ground pressure.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.7 Ib./sq. in. Armament:90 mm Gun, M3, in Mount, M4 A 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In turret Elevation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1 0' to +20Traverse . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 360"

Cal. .50 Mach ine Gun, MI , HB (flexible). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..O n pedestal mount1 Tripod Mount, Cal. .SO, M 3Provision for: 5 cal. .30 Carbines

Ammunition: Stowage:90 mm (H.E., M7 1, A.P.C., M8 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 rounds Cat. .50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,000 rounds Cal. .30 Carbine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,450 rounds Grenades, Ha nd (Fragmentation, M k 11 6; Smoke, M i5,6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1P Smoke Pots, H.C., M I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Armor: Actual BasisHull, Front, Uppe r.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 in. 31/4 in. Lower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 n.-21/2 in. 4 in. Sides, Upper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/4 in. 1% in. Lower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I i n . Rear, Upper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..3/4 in. 1 in. Lower.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I i n.

Sides, Lower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..In. Top, Forward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..3/4 in. Rear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..3/8 in. Bottom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in.


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Turret, Front. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..3 in. Sides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..11/4 in. Top. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1v8 n. Rear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 n. Performance:

Maximum speed on le vel.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . ..P6 m.p.h. Maximum grade abilit y.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..60.% Trench crossing ab ili ty.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..7 ft., 5 In. Vertical obstacle ability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..24 in. Fording depth (slowest forward speed). . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 36 in. Fuel capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I9 2 gal. Cruising range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I5 0 miles Vision a nd Fire Control:

Periscope, M 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 4Telescope, M70P, or M7 6 D or M76F, w/lnstrument Light, M 3 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Telescope Mount, M 6 4 (T92). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..1Elevation Quadrant, M9, w/lnstrument Light, M3 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Gunner's Quadrant, M i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IPanoramic Telescope M I2, with Telescope Moun t M69 andInstrument Light M3 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

ICommunications:Radio. . . . . . . . . :with Reel Asgemblyr, RL-I 061 vif lr '8*it ish No. 19lnterphone stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Flag Set, M2 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I

Fire Protection and Decontamination:Fire Extinguisher-1 0 Ib.-C02 (fixed). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 4 ib.-C0 2 {hand). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Decon tamina t~ngApparatus, MP, 1l/z qts.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Engine: Mak e and Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ford, GAA Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V 8 W.C. Number of cylinders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Fuel (gasoline). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80 octane Maximum governed speed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P1600 r.p.m. Gross hp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,5 00 at 2,600 r.p.m. Maximum torque.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,040 Ib.-ft. a t 2,200 r.p.m. Transmission: Type.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Constant mesh, synchr onized Suspension: Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Vertical volute spring

Track: Type.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Rubber or steel block Width. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..169/ls in. Pitch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 n. No. of shoes per vehicle . . . . . . . I 5 8


17/22

-1 i \ :, 'm 3"

'- , 8 , i, 4 ? \ , , ~ , ' y , t a 7.rv*p 'hq CARRIAGE,

MOTOR, 90 mm GUN, M3661

THE urgent requirement for 90 mm Gun M otor Carriage, M3G resultedin the conversion of Medium Tanks , M4A3 to 90 mm Gun M otorCarriages. This conversion consists of removal of the Medium Ta nkTur ret , Gun Moun t and Basket, revision of interior stowage and ammuni-tion arrangement s and reinstallation of th e turre t group from the 90 mmGun Motor Carriage, RT35. Minor exterior and interior hull changes arealso required.

This vehicle has a gross weight of 65,000 pounds, length of 20 feet, 6%inches, and a width of 8 feet, 8 inches. The hull armor is the same as for theMedium Tank, M4A3.

Power is supplied by a Ford GAA engine.

i


18/22

CARRIAGE,MOTOR, 90 mmGUN, M36B2

HE continuing demand for the 90 mm Gun Motor Carriages, BT36 andT M ~ ~ B Iannot be met due to the shortage of 3-inch Gun I1Iotor Car-riages, BllOAl and h4edium Tanks, M4A3 available for conversion. Thisshortage can be overcome by the conversion of 3-inch Gun Mot ofCarriages, M10.This conversion consists of removal of the MI0 tu rret , revision of

interior storage and ammuni tion arrangements, removal of engine mountedgenerators and replacement with transmission mounted type, installationof an auxiliary generator set and installation of the turr et group from the90 mm Gun Motor Carriage, BT36. JIinor exterior hull attachmentsTalso required. I n addition, t he conversion requires the gpp&laHf 3spaced suspension and inside and outside end cowe&r&% %hetri. ..

Power is supplied by a General ' 3046 Diescl Engine having acruising range of 200 miles.


19/22

ITERMINAL

EFFECTS i-

THE use of the Fuze, C.P., M78 with Shell, H.E. , 155 mm, MlOl and90 mm, M71 makes the 155mm and 90 mm guns, mounted upon thevehicles described in this booklet, highly effective for use against targetslikely to be encountered in the war with Japan.Strongly fortified positions, such as, concrete pillboxes, log and/or earthbunkers or caves fall easy prey to t he fire power of these weapons.

Th e vulnerable points of any of these targ ets are the many openingspresent-such as, gun ports, doors or the opening at the mouth of caves.Hi ts secured thr ough openings detona te inside the strong point andeffectively reduce it by killing the personnel and destroying the materielpresent.For att ack of this sort best results are obtained a t close range by directfire. The 155mm Gun Motor Carriage, RI40 (T83) is particularly suitablefo r just this typ e of mission. The mobile mount permits t he piece to bebrought up into position quickly while the armor protection affords acover for the gun crew while the point is being reduced.In all firings with the 155mrn gun the normal charge should be used as


20/22

I

th e use of supercharge will result in the shell ruptur ing upon impact withextremely resilient targets.

Experience in France in the attack upon German pillboxes indicate thatthe notmal charge will yield satisfactory results. Pillbox walls 7 feet thickwere perforated with a single round.

Against earth bunkers the I l l 0 1 Shell with the 1x78 C.P. Fuze willpenetrate 23 feet when the normal charge is used. As with concrete thenormal charge only should be used in atta ck on this type of target .

Th e 90 mm Gun hfotor Carriages, M36 Series and Heavy Tank M26(T26E3) provides a companion piece to the 155 mm Gun Motor CarriageM40 (T83) for atta ck on the type of ta rgets described above.The higher muzzle velocity gives a flatter trajectory and greater ac-

curacy. This is helpful when small openings are under attack.Three rounds of the C.P. M78 fuzed M71 H.E. Shell will perforate a5-foot reinforced concrete wall while 6 rounds will perforate a wall 7 footthick.

,r'e9.5rlR4~ p (-? P .>,, !"-: 2, I ' 1." - & ! * \ - \ 1 . + - j b .Against earth bunkers tTic rorlnr? ,is ~$3 ~ f f ~ c t it . 'w i~ enetratev c 7 A ~20 feet of ear th.Following this discussion is an illustration showing the Fuze, C.P.,8178 assembled to the Shell, H.E., 155 mm, J1101. Also included areillustr ations showing some of t he results obtained with thi s round during

test firing against German-type reinforced concrete pillboxes.


21/22

qun, 155 mm, M IA1 fir ing Shell, H.E., 155 mm, MI01 with Fuze, CP, M78. Range Gun, 155 mm, M IA l, firi ng Shell, H.E., 155 mm M101, with Fuze, CP,M78. Range,400 yd. using supercharge. Crater 84 in. deep, 148 cu. R. of rei nforced concrete removed. using normal charge point blank range. View o/ damage to German-type reinforced/al l completely perforated. This is an e xception al round, results consistent with this can concrete pillbox resulting from two rounds of shell.>t be expected with a ll rounds fired, as results at this range gav e less penetration.


22/22

ALL COMMUNICATIONS SHOULD BE ACCOMPANIED BY CARBON COPY AND ADDRESSED TO

INSUREPROMPT AlTENYIONIN REPLYING REFER TO:. ' r . OFFICE

WAR DEPARTMENTOF THE CHIEF OF ORDNANCE

NO, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Amrn-- s r r p1 : ' , y ~ h j - ~ r g s

Documents

Mobile Artillery vs Jap Fortifications 28 May 1945