Photosynthesis & Cell

RespirationChapters 8 & 9

Miss Colabelli

Biology CPA

Obtaining Energy Autotrophs

Organisms that get their energy from the sun

Use photosynthesis to make ATP

Ex: plants

Heterotrophs Organisms that get energy from eating

foods

Ex: humans

Why is photosynthesis important?

Makes organic molecules out of inorganic molecules Makes glucose (sugar) from sunlight

It begins ALL food chains and webs Also provides oxygen gas to the

atmosphere

Photosynthesis = “putting together with light” Process that uses sunlight to turn

water and carbon dioxide into glucose

Plants use glucose as food Autotrophs make glucose and

heterotrophs are consumers of it

Overview Two parts to photosynthesis

Light reactions Require sunlight to occur

Creates ATP and NADPH (a different form of energy)

Also makes O2 as a byproduct

Calvin Cycle Does not require sunlight

When CO2, ATP, and NADPH make glucose

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

Chloroplasts

Parts of the chloroplast Thylakoids

Flattened sacs where reactions occur

Granum A stack of

thylakoids

Stroma Space between the

grana

Light Reactions During light reactions, the plant’s

_________________absorb the sunlight First part of _________________

H2O + sunlight O2

Occurs in the _________________ of the chloroplast

Light Reactions When __________ is split during

these reactions, oxygen gas is made as a _________________

The sunlight is used to break down the water and create ______and _________

Calvin Cycle Second part of _________________

CO2 ______________

Occurs in the _____________ of the chloroplast

Rate of Photosynthesis __________factors that affect the rate

of photosynthesis ____________intensity

_________ ____________ levels

____________

Cellular Respiration Process that our cells use to break down food and

create ______ Takes place in the ____________ Two Parts to Cellular Respiration (when ______ is

present) ____________

____________ Respiration

Two parts to ____________(when O2 is not present) ____________

____________(alcoholic or lactic acid)

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Glycolysis

Process when glucose is broken down to make ____________ ____________, _______, and ____________

Takes place in the ____________ The pyruvic acid made can either go to

_________________ or ____________ respiration Depends if there is ____________ or not

If there is oxygen present ____________ respiration

If oxygen is not present ____________

Aerobic Respiration

Occurs only in the presence of ____________

Happens in two stages ____________ cycle ____________ ____________ ____________

Occurs in _________________ ____________(cytoplasm in the mitochondria)

Krebs Cycle

Named after scientist ______ ______

Process takes pyruvic acid and makes a molecule called ____________ _______ + ________

Also makes some _______ , _______, _______ These are the needed _______ for the

electron transport chain

Electron Transport Chain

Uses products from the _______ _______ to make a lot of _______ for our cells

Occurs in the mitochondrial ______________ called _________

This process requires __________ in order to work

Fermentation

Process that occurs if oxygen is _______ present

Pyruvic acid will be fixed to become _______ _______ or ___________ (depends on the organism)

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Occurs in our _______ as well as in some _____________ to help make yogurts and cheeses

In our bodies, lactic acid builds up as _______ __________

Alcoholic Fermentation Occurs in organisms such as

__________ This process creates ______ and

__________ __________ If the CO2 is released, you make a

__________ alcohol (wine)

If CO2 is not released, you make a __________ or __________ alcohol (champagne)

Comparing Photosynthesis & Respiration

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Function Energy Breakdown

Location Chloroplasts

Reactants C6H12O6 and O2

Products CO2 and H2O

Equation 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

C6H12O6 + 6O2

6CO2 + 6H2O