• FLUORINATED SUBSTANCES ARE USED AS OIL AND WATER REPELLENTS IN MANY CONSUMER PRODUCTS: TEXTILE PRODUCTS, PAPER AND BOARD, COSMETICS, PAINTS, WAXES ETC.

• FLUORINATED SUBSTANCES HAD BEEN FOUND IN FCMs OF BOARD AND PAPER IN TEST DONE BY THE DANISH CONSUMER COUNCIL THINK CHEMICALS DURING 2015 AND 2016

• IN AUGUST 2015 THE DK FOOD AUTHORITIES INTRODUCED A VOLUNTARY LIMIT FOR TOTAL ORGANIC FLUORINE (TOF) IN PAPER AND BOARD FCMs

• WHAT IS THE SITUATION ACROSS EUROPE?

• FLUORINATED SUBSTANCES ARE PERSISTENT

• THEY CAN ACCUMULATE IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND FOOD CHAIN

• INCREASING HEALTH CONCERNS HAS BEEN RAISED

• RECOMMANDATION BY RESEARCHERS: Limit the production and use of PFASs.

• THE EUROPEAN PARLAMENT: Underlines that FCMs are a significant source of human exposure to chemicals of concern, including perfluorinated compounds (PFCs)…

• FLUORINATED SUBSTANCES HAS BEEN SHOWED TO

MIGRATE FROM FCM INTO FOOD DEPENDING ON TEMPERATURE, DURATION, FOOD COMPOSITION ETC.

• AVOID MIGRATION ~ LIMIT THE PRESENCE

• COCKTAIL EFFECT

• ENVIRONMENT DONT CARE ABOUT MIGRATION

• CIRCULAR ECONOMY PERSPECTIVE

• 13 SAMPLES PER COUNTRY = 65 SAMPLES • INTERNATIONAL AS WELL AS NATIONAL BRANDS • FATTY AND HOT FOOD SOLD IN PAPER OR BOARD

PACKAGING

• FATTY FOOD HEATED DIRECTLY IN PAPER OR BOARD PACKAGING

• SCREENING ANALYSES

• SURFACE FLUORINE (WDXRF) – INNER AND OUTER SURFACE.

• PRESENCE OF VOLATILE ORGANIC FLUORINE (P&T-GC-EPED), HEATED TO 120 DEGREES.

• TOTAL ORGANIC FLUORINE CONTENT (TOF)

• DETAILED ANALYSES (samples positive in screenings) • DETERMINATION OF SELECTED PFASs

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000To

tal o

rgan

ic F

luo

r (T

OF)

µg/

dm

2

Use of fluorinatedsubstances notlikely

Use of fluorinatedsubstances possible- one positivescreening oraverage TOF (>60µg/dm2)

Use of fluorinatedsubstances likely -two positivescreenings, highTOF (>100 µg/dm2)

Concentration units: • PFCA & PFSA ng/dm2 • FTOH, ng/g

• COMPLY WITH EU/NATIONAL-REGULATION

• IN THE MIDDLE OF OUT-PHASING FLUORINATED COMPOUNDS ALL TOGETHER

• IMMEDIATELY STOP FOR SELLING

• PFAS ARE USED IN FCMs IN CONTACT WITH WARM, GREASY FOOD

• BUT FCMs WITOUT USE OF PFAS ALSO EXIST • PFAS ARE PROBLEMATIC TO THE ENVIRONMENT • SOME PFAS ARE KNOWN TO BIOACCUMULATE AND SOME ARE

OF HEALTH CONCERN • PREVENT THE INTENTIONAL USE OF PFAS: INSTEAD USE NON-

FLUORINATED, SAFE ALTERNATIVES.