Relationship among

Living OrganismsBy: Ms. Jean Claudine S.

Manday

What is Symbiosis?Symbiosis is when two different species of organisms live closely together for an extended period of time.

“Sym” = same“bio” = life

There are 3 types of symbiosis:•Mutualism•Commensalism•Parasitism

Symbiosis - Mutualism

•Mutualism is when the 2 organisms both benefit from the relationship. (They help each other.)• +

•Organisms often provide each other with food and/or protection. •For example, the give and take relationship of the flower and butterfly is an example of mutualism. •The butterfly uses the nectar for food. As the butterfly feeds, pollen from the flower sticks to its body. The butterfly carries the pollen to the next flower it feeds on. The pollen on the butterfly pollinates, giving us opportunity to grow and reproduce.

Symbiosis – Mutualism - Examples

Symbiosis - Commensalism

•Commensalism is when one of the organism benefits from the relationship, and the other is not helped or harmed by it. • + unaffected

•The one benefited is called commensal, while the unaffected is the host.•Example: Sea anemone uses stinging tentacles to catch its prey. The clown fish takes shelter in the sea anemone’s tentacles, sharing the sea anemones food but giving nothing in return.

Symbiosis – Commensalism - Examples

Symbiosis - Parasitism

•Parasitism is when one organism benefits from the relationship, and the other organism is harmed.• +

•Parasites may live inside (endoparasite) and outside (ectoparasite) the body of an organism.•The organism that is harmed is called host.•Usually a parasite does not kill its host but often makes it weak and sick.•Example: liverfluke inhibiting the liver (endoparasite) and a mosquito biting a human’s skin (ectoparasite)

Symbiosis – Parasitism - Examples

Predation• This refers to feeding of one organism on another.• Organisms that feed on the other are called Predators.• Organisms eaten by predators are called prey.

•In predatory-prey interaction, the prey often devices many ways to escape being eaten but the predators evolve ways to overcome the defences of the prey.

Symbiosis and You•What is one example of mutualism that a person might be involved in?•What is one example of commensalism that a person might be involved in?•What is one example of parasitism that a person might be involved in?

Symbiosis and You•Think about your friends.•What would a mutualist friend be like?•What would a commensalist friend be like?•What would a parasitic friend be like?•What type of friend are you?

Do you have any

questions?

Identify the type of symbiotic relationship experienced between the organisms below.

a. A worm living in a cow’s intestine. ____________b. Mosquito bites human to suck blood. ________c. An eagle hunting a mouse. ____________d. Orchids grow on trunks or branches of trees. ____________e. The heron at the back of the carabao feeds on the ticks that suck the blood of the carabao. ______

Group ActivityDirections:•The class will be group into 4.•Each representative of the group will pick a symbiotic relationship on a box that they will present.•The group will create a short role playing to show the symbiotic relationship of organisms in front of the class.•They will be given 2 minutes to present their role play •The best group who will perform will have a surprise gift!

Direction: Write the letter M for mutualism, C for commensalism, Pa for parasitism and Pr for predation by the statement that describes the type of symbiosis.______1. The bird buiding a nest on a tree.______2. A tick living on a dog.______3. The bristle worm living with the hermit crab.______4. A sixth grader and their pets.______5. A tapeworm living in a sixth grade’s intestine.

______6. Bacteria living in a human skin.______7. Head lice living in the human scalp.______8. The remora hitching a ride on a shark.______9. The cheetah eating a deer.______10. A wolf chasing a moose.

Assignment: Write in a one whole sheet of paper 3 symbiotic relationships that you can observe in your community and in two sentences explain the importance of those 3 relationships that exist in your community.

Thank you for listening!