Settling the New England ColoniesSettling the New England Colonies Reasons to move to the New World1. Religious Freedoms2. Poverty Plagued 17th Centurya) Bad Economy3. A better Life elsewhere Over crowded and lack opportunity

Jamestown 1607

Community Community

1. Organize by Religious Belief1. Organize by Religious Belief 2. Developed close knit Culture2. Developed close knit Culture 3.Developed a distinct and 3.Developed a distinct and

prosperous way of life prosperous way of life

The PilgrimsThe Pilgrims

1. 1. SeparatistsSeparatists Forced by King James I to leave for Forced by King James I to leave for

HollandHolland2. 2. Plymouth 1620Plymouth 16203. 3. Mayflower CompactMayflower Compact

a) Self-governing Colony based a) Self-governing Colony based on Majority Rules made up of on Majority Rules made up of Church Leaders.Church Leaders.

b) Set Precedent for local b) Set Precedent for local government based on written government based on written agreement and the consent of agreement and the consent of the governed.the governed.

4. Cold Climate, Disease, and 4. Cold Climate, Disease, and hunger.hunger.

5. Wanpanoags: Squanto5. Wanpanoags: SquantoShared FoodShared FoodTaught to fish and grow crops.Taught to fish and grow crops.First ThanksgivingFirst Thanksgiving

Massachusetts Bay Massachusetts Bay ColonyColony

1. Puritans: Dissenters: Reform 1. Puritans: Dissenters: Reform Church from withinChurch from within

2. Great Migration (60,000 to New 2. Great Migration (60,000 to New World)World)

3. Puritan Revolt “Commonwealth of 3. Puritan Revolt “Commonwealth of England” Lord England” Lord

Protector Oliver Cromwell (1653-Protector Oliver Cromwell (1653-1658)1658)

4. Mass. Bay Company 16364. Mass. Bay Company 1636a) Provided Christians with the a) Provided Christians with the

“Model Community”“Model Community”b) John Winthrop Governor b) John Winthrop Governor c) Bible Commonwealth Covenant or c) Bible Commonwealth Covenant or

Contract with GodContract with Godd) Freeman had voting rights.d) Freeman had voting rights.

5. General Court - Legislative Body of 5. General Court - Legislative Body of ColonyColony

The New England WayThe New England Way

““Model Community”Model Community”

1. A Build a Meeting 1. A Build a Meeting House House

(Town Meetings, Church (Town Meetings, Church Services, and Symbol of Unity)Services, and Symbol of Unity)

a) Bible based study for a) Bible based study for education.education.

b) Scripture to guide b) Scripture to guide Spiritual and Earthly Spiritual and Earthly Life.Life.

Life in MassLife in Mass

1. Family 1. Family 2. Lived Orderly Lives 2. Lived Orderly Lives

according to covenantaccording to covenant3. Town officials 3. Town officials

Inspected FamiliesInspected Families4. Food Plentiful4. Food Plentiful5. Cool Climate was a plus 5. Cool Climate was a plus

it killed disease.it killed disease.6. 80% of Children lived 6. 80% of Children lived

to Adulthood (Large to Adulthood (Large Families of 6-7 Families of 6-7 Children) Children)

Connecticut & Rhode IslandConnecticut & Rhode Island

ConnecticutConnecticut1. Overcrowding in Mass Bay1. Overcrowding in Mass Baya) Thomas Hookera) Thomas Hooker2. Fundamental Orders of Conn.2. Fundamental Orders of Conn.G. Rhode IslandG. Rhode Island1. Discontent with Puritan 1. Discontent with Puritan

LifestylesLifestyles2. 1636 Providence Roger 2. 1636 Providence Roger

Williams & Anne HutchinsonWilliams & Anne Hutchinsona) William’s believed in a) William’s believed in

Separation of Church and Separation of Church and State.State.

b) Challenge King’s Ability to b) Challenge King’s Ability to give away Native American's give away Native American's Land.Land.

c) 1644 Officially Charter c) 1644 Officially Charter

MarylandMaryland (Baron Baltimore) (Baron Baltimore) 1. 1. Toleration ActToleration Act 1649 : Protect 1649 : Protect

Catholic Minority RightsCatholic Minority Rights2. Population 2. Population a) Indentured Servants 30, 000 a) Indentured Servants 30, 000

to 50, 000 of all kinds of to 50, 000 of all kinds of Citizens.Citizens.

b) Rural Society Limited b) Rural Society Limited EducationEducation

c) Plantation: Tobacco was Labor c) Plantation: Tobacco was Labor intensive intensive

Bacon’s Rebellion Violence Bacon’s Rebellion Violence 1675 1675

1. Landless Laborers and 1. Landless Laborers and Small Landowners in Debt.Small Landowners in Debt.

a) Settlements along the a) Settlements along the Western FrontierWestern Frontier

b) Wanted Native Lands-b) Wanted Native Lands-Refused by Gov’tRefused by Gov’t

c) Nathaniel Bacon raised an c) Nathaniel Bacon raised an army to Attack Indians, army to Attack Indians, along with Slaves and along with Slaves and Indentures looted Indentures looted Plantations. His death ended Plantations. His death ended Rebellion.Rebellion.

Va. House of Burgess cut Va. House of Burgess cut Taxes and opened Lands to Taxes and opened Lands to Colonists.Colonists.

Colonial RegionsColonial Regions

SlaverySlaveryRise of the Slave TradeRise of the Slave Trade

1. 1. Demand for LaborsDemand for Labors

2. 2. Middle Passage:Middle Passage: The Voyage across the Atlantic, A period The Voyage across the Atlantic, A period of time where the slave ventures from his or her Old World of time where the slave ventures from his or her Old World of Freedom to the New World of Slavery.of Freedom to the New World of Slavery.

Options of the slaveOptions of the slave 1 Suicide1 Suicide 2 Adaptation2 Adaptation 3 Resistance: 3 Resistance:

Runaway, Break Tools, Runaway, Break Tools, Work slow down.Work slow down.

Abolitionists Abolitionists

1. Quakers1. Quakers 2. Puritans 2. Puritans ““The Selling of Joseph” “ All men. As The Selling of Joseph” “ All men. As

they are the son of Adam…. Have they are the son of Adam…. Have equal rights unto Liberty and all equal rights unto Liberty and all other outward comforts of life” By a other outward comforts of life” By a Puritan Judge Samuel Sewall.Puritan Judge Samuel Sewall.

Slave CodesSlave Codes 1. Laws designed to prevent 1. Laws designed to prevent

and discourage revolts and and discourage revolts and Escapes.Escapes.

a) Fugitive Slave Act.a) Fugitive Slave Act.b) Setting the Exampleb) Setting the Examplec) Harsh Rules did not Prevent c) Harsh Rules did not Prevent

RebellionRebelliond) 1739 Stono, S.C. Slaves d) 1739 Stono, S.C. Slaves

killed 30 Planters; Militia put killed 30 Planters; Militia put down insurrection and down insurrection and executed all slaves. executed all slaves.

Slave SystemsSlave Systems

Types of working Types of working systemssystems

1. 1. Task System-Task System- After After completing Chores completing Chores Slaves worked on their Slaves worked on their own plots of land.own plots of land.

2. 2. Gang System-Gang System- Slaves Slaves gathered up by head gathered up by head slave and overseers to slave and overseers to work the fields in mass. work the fields in mass. “Slaves work Sun up to “Slaves work Sun up to Sun downSun down

Ensuring English Power in the Ensuring English Power in the ColoniesColonies

3 Types of Colonies3 Types of Colonies

a) Corporate or Charter: a) Corporate or Charter: Joint Stock CompaniesJoint Stock Companies

b) Proprietorshipb) Proprietorship

c) Royalc) Royal

3 Regions3 Regions

1. New England1. New England

2. Middle2. Middle

3. Southern 3. Southern

Settling the CarolinasSettling the Carolinas

Established in 1663 by 8 nobleman Established in 1663 by 8 nobleman who were supporters of the Kingwho were supporters of the King

Small farms and trading marketsSmall farms and trading marketsSlavery :Slavery : Flourished in the colonies dueFlourished in the colonies due to the increase in the need forto the increase in the need for Raw Materials.Raw Materials.Options of the SlaveOptions of the SlaveSuicideSuicide Resistance(Break Tools, Work slow down, Resistance(Break Tools, Work slow down,

Runaway)Runaway)Adapt to survive.Adapt to survive.

New York/ New JerseyNew York/ New Jersey

New JerseyNew JerseyEstablished in 1664 by Established in 1664 by 1.Carteret/Berkley who were 1.Carteret/Berkley who were

supporters of the Kingsupporters of the King..2. Small farms and trading markets2. Small farms and trading markets

New YorkNew York

1.Founded by the Dutch as New 1.Founded by the Dutch as New Amsterdam in 1626Amsterdam in 1626

2. Safe haven for all types of people2. Safe haven for all types of people

3. James Duke of York takes Colony 3. James Duke of York takes Colony from Dutch with a shot being from Dutch with a shot being fired.fired.

Pennsylvania and Delaware Pennsylvania and Delaware 16811681

1. Charles II repaid 1. Charles II repaid debt to William Penn debt to William Penn (Proprietor) to (Proprietor) to establish colony.establish colony.

2. Haven for Quakers 2. Haven for Quakers (Abolitionists) and (Abolitionists) and German immigrantsGerman immigrants

3. Strong policy to pay 3. Strong policy to pay Native Americans for Native Americans for land and give them lots land and give them lots of respect.of respect.

4. Duke of York carves 4. Duke of York carves out a portion of; land out a portion of; land to become Pa.’s to become Pa.’s coastline and port.coastline and port.

5. Delaware is 5. Delaware is established in 1682established in 1682

Georgia 1732Georgia 1732

1. James Olgethorpe 1. James Olgethorpe and followers starts and followers starts a colony to give a colony to give poor a fresh start.poor a fresh start.

2. Give buffer 2. Give buffer between between Plantations of S.C. Plantations of S.C. and Spanish Floridaand Spanish Florida

3. Ga. Prohibits Rum 3. Ga. Prohibits Rum and Slaveryand Slavery

MercantilismMercantilismClosed economic system that Closed economic system that

builds a Nation’s wealth by builds a Nation’s wealth by using colonization to feed the using colonization to feed the mother country with Raw mother country with Raw Materials to become self-Materials to become self-sufficient. The colonies are sufficient. The colonies are then established as markets then established as markets to sell finished goods and to sell finished goods and collect taxes and profits. collect taxes and profits.

1. Favorable Balance of trade.1. Favorable Balance of trade.2. Ports are controlled by Mother 2. Ports are controlled by Mother

countrycountry3. Navigation Acts 1651 3. Navigation Acts 1651 A series of mercantilist laws that A series of mercantilist laws that

control the Markets, Taxes, control the Markets, Taxes, and profits to make sure and profits to make sure