Spanish American War US History Comstock Park High School1
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Causes of Spanish American War Imperialism Imperialism The
Scramble for Power Social Darwinism- ActivityActivity Yellow
Journalism Comstock Park High School2
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Militarism The Western Nations of the world thought it
important to have large militaries to protect their citizens and
gain global influence. A militaristic nation would be prepared for
war at all costs. 3
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The Scramble for Power Imperialism was prevalent in the
late1800s to1920.Imperialism Countries vied for land and power to
support their growing industrialized nations and the need for
natural resources to support that industry. The continent of Africa
was divided at the Berlin Conference in 1885 without regard for the
African people. What was the impact of this colonization? 4
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Social Darwinism Charles Darwins studies lead to the theory of
evolution. In the 1880-1920s this theory was applied to society.
People believed in the theory of survival of the fittest and tried
to improve the gene pool of humans with tragic results. A whole new
theory of eugenics began as a resulteugenics 5
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Yellow Journalism Sensational news sold papers, and with the
advent of a faster printing process and the ability to add pictures
to stories, journalists took the opportunity to enhance their
stories. The journalists were known as muckrakers and the stories
as yellow journalism.yellow journalism.
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America Joins In Watching the Europeans, America decides to
join in the race for land and resources. The first stop is Cuba
(Americans have sugar plantations in Cuba). America came closer to
war after: President McKinley was publically insulted by deLome the
Spanish ambassador; the public read about the horror stories of
Cubans and Americans being tortured and imprisoned McKinley sent
the USS Maine to the shores of Cuba 7
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Headline News Slide of the Maine blowing up 8
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Awake United States! This song was rushed into print between
the sinking of the Maine on February 16, 1898 and the declaration
of war on April 25, 1898. Eagle soar on high, and sound the battle
cry! How proudly sailed the warship Maine, a Nations pride, without
a stain! A wreck she lies, her sailors slain. By two-faced
butchers, paid by Spain! Eagle soar on high, And sound the battle
cry Wave the starry flag! In mud it shall not drag!
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The Race Need for new markets to sell goods More land to get
raw materials Keep up with European Powers Goals of leadership
Foxborough History Department10
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To Hell with Spain Remember the Maine At 9:40pm on February 15,
1898, the battleship U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor 268 men
were killed, shocking the American population What or who caused
this explosion? 11
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Waiting for the Facts Review the cartoon and explain what the
cartoonist is trying to say
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The Players William McKinley William McKinley Theodore
Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt George Dewey George Dewey William
Randolph Hearst William Randolph Hearst General Weyler The
ButcherButcher Emilio AguinaldoEmilio Aguinaldo 13
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William McKinley, Jr. (1843-1901) 25 th President Wanted to
avoid war in Cuba Yellow journalism and public supported war In
April 1898, President McKinley abandoned his failed diplomatic
efforts and asked Congress for permission to intervene in Cuba.
14
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Theodore Roosevelt Assistant Secretary of the Navy I should
welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one First
Volunteer Cavalry, nicknamed the "Rough Riders. Stop, drop, thats
how rough riders roll..(DMX) 15
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Commodore George Dewey May 1, 1899 Commodore Dewey and his
Asiatic Squadron defeated the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay During
and after the war, George Dewey became one of the war's most
celebrated heroes Foxborough History Department16
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William Randolph Hearst Newspaper publisher and leading example
of yellow journalism New York Journal started a public hysteria for
war with Spain by publishing incendiary articles and illustrations
Hearst once said "You provide the pictures and I'll provide the
war." Foxborough History Department17
Slide 18
General Weyler The Butcher In 1896, the Spanish sent "The
Butcher," to Cuba To prevent the insurrectos Weyler built
concentration camps in which he imprisoned a large portion of the
population Under the harsh and unsanitary conditions in the
concentration camps, Cuban prisoners died rapidly, especially from
disease Foxborough History Department18
Slide 19
Emilio Aguinaldo The Philippines' revolutionary leader Fought
first against Spanish imperialism After the end of the Spanish-
American War, fought against American 19
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Events-Timeline 1895: Cuban nationalists revolt against Spanish
rule 1896: Spanish General Weyler (the "Butcher") comes to Cuba.
1897: Spain recalls Weyler Early 1898: USS Maine sent to Cuba
February 9, 1898: Hearst publishes Dupuy du Lome's letter insulting
McKinley. Foxborough History Department20
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Foxborough History Department21
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Sensational Journalism or Yellow Journalism Activity Screaming
newspaper headlines about the situation in Cuba in the 1890s helped
fan the flames of war by influencing public opinion in the United
States Research current headlines aimed at selling newspapers --
rather than telling honest stories --look at newsstands and in
supermarket checkout lines Research some of the headlines and
stories published in the World and the Journal in the 1890s and
compare these with the headlines found in modern tabloid papers How
are they similar and/or different? Are any stories more or less
harmful than others? http://www.humboldt.edu/~jcb10/spanwar.shtml
http://www.boondocksnet.com/gallery/cartoons/1898/index_bart.htmlhttp://www.boondocksnet.com/gallery/cartoons/1898/index_bart.html
Foxborough History Department22
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Foxborough History Department23
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Lets Talk 1.List 3 causes of the Spanish American War 2.What
ship sunk to start the war? 3.Who was the President in 1898? 4.Who
was Secretary of Defense 5.What role did Yellow Journalism play in
the Spanish American War Foxborough History Department24
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Foxborough History Department25
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Foxborough History Department26
Slide 27
Spanish Politeness Describe what is going on in the cartoon.
What is the point of view of the cartoonist? 27
Slide 28
Events-Timeline February 15, 1898: Sinking of the USS Maine
February 25, 1898: Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore
Roosevelt cables Commodore Dewey with plan: attack the Philippines
if war with Spain breaks out April 11, 1898: McKinley approves war
with Spain April 24, 1898: Spain declares war on the US April 25,
1898: US declares war on Spain 28
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Let Go of Him McKinley What is the message of this cartoon?
What is the point of view? 29
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Events-Timeline May 1, 1898: Battle of Manila Bay (Philippines)
May, 1898: July 1, 1898: San Juan Hill taken by "Rough Riders" July
3, 1898: Battle of Santiago - Spain's Caribbean fleet destroyed.
July 7, 1898: Hawaii annexed July 17, 1898: City of Santiago
surrenders to General William Shafter August 12, 1898: Spain signs
armistice August 13, 1898: US troops capture Manila Foxborough
History Department30
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Foxborough History Department31
Slide 32
Foxborough History Department32 July 1, 1898: San Juan Hill
taken by "Rough Riders"
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Events-Timeline December 10, 1898: Treaty of Paris signed - US
annexes Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines. January 23, 1899:
Philippines declares itself an independent republic - Led by Emilio
Auginaldo, the self-declared Filipino government fights a guerilla
war against the US that lasts longer than the Spanish-American War
itself. February 6, 1899: the Treaty of Paris passes in the Senate
1900: Foraker Act - Some self-government allowed in Puerto Rico.
Foxborough History Department33
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Events-Timeline March 1901: Emilio Auginaldo captured. 1901:
Platt Amendment-Cuban government could not enter any foreign
agreement, allows two naval bases in Cuba and U.S can intervene
when necessary 1902: US withdraws from Cuba 1917: Puerto Ricans
given US citizenship Foxborough History Department34
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Map Foxborough History Department35
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Results of the Spanish American War Treaty of Paris signed on
December 10, 1898 ended the Spanish- American War Cuba went free,
Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines were ceded to the US, and
the US agreed to pay Spain an indemnity of $20 million America
becomes a world power Foxborough History Department36
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Evaluation Visual QuizWho am I? What was my involvement?
Define? Explain http://www.pbs.org/crucible/frames/_resou
rces.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/crucible/frames/_resou rces.html
Foxborough History Department37
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Quiz-Questions 1-3 1. Who am I? 2. What was my role in the
Spanish American War? 3. What was the nickname of my voluntary
Calvary? Foxborough History Department38
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Quiz-Questions 4-6 4. What role did Yellow Journalism play in
the war? 5. What ship blew up that sparked the war? 6. Who was the
President during the Spanish American War? Foxborough History
Department39
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Question 7 7. What hill is being taken by T.R and the Rough
Riders? Foxborough History Department40
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Question 8 8. Who am I? Hint the Admiral in Philippians
Foxborough History Department41
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Foxborough History Department42
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Short Answers Do you think there is any such thing as a
"splendid little war"? What other wars might some people remember
as "splendid little" ones? Who might think these wars were not so
splendid? Who usually suffers most in a war? Who has to bear the
long-term effects of a war? What responsibilities does the press
have in terms of how it reports news stories? What are the
short-term benefits of exaggerating or fabricating stories to make
exciting headlines? What might be some long-term benefits of
adhering to the truth? Foxborough History Department43
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Work Cited Timeline- Sparknotes
http://www.sparknotes.com/history/american/spanishamerican/
http://www.sparknotes.com/history/american/spanishamerican/ Other
Web Sites- PBS Movie web site
http://www.pbs.org/crucible/http://www.pbs.org/crucible/ Small
Planets http://www.smplanet.com/imperialism/teacher.html#Outline
http://www.smplanet.com/imperialism/teacher.html#Outline Pictures
http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi&ie=UTF-
8&oe=UTF-8&q=http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi&ie=UTF-
8&oe=UTF-8&q Foxborough History Department44