The 13 British ColoniesThe 13 British ColoniesSettling into AmericaSettling into America

Unit 3,

8th GradeSocial Studies

Mr. Morris

The English ColoniesII. The 13 British Colonies H.The Jamestown Settlement 1. In 1588 the English defeats the Spanish Armada

& gains control of the seas. 2. In 1607, the Virginia Company creates a colony

at Jamestown, named after King James. 3. During the first winter only 38 of the original

144 colonists survive.4. John Smith arrives in 1608 and the colonists

feud with the Powhatan. 5. According to legend Pocahontas saves Smith.

Later she marries John Rolfe. 6. Rolfe and the colonists grow tobacco, the

colony grows & becomes Virginia. 7. The colony creates an assembly with two

representatives from each town.= $$

The English ColoniesII. H. The Jamestown Settlement 5. John Smith arrives in 1608 and the

colonists feud with the Powhatan. 6. According to legend Pocahontas saves

Smith. Later she marries John Rolfe. 7. The colonists learn how to grow

tobacco and the colony begins to prosper & becomes known as Virginia.

8. The colony creates an assembly with two representatives from each town.

9. In 1619 the first African servants or slaves arrive in Virginia.

III. A.

= $$

Life in the 13 British ColoniesII I. The New England Colonies 1. MA, NH CT & RI in N.E. 2. The “Pilgrims” land at Plymouth Rock: a). Wanting religious freedom, the Pilgrims

created the Mayflower Compact to set up laws in the new colony.

b). The Pilgrims survived the first winter thanks to Native American help then celebrated with “Thanksgiving.”

3. Most New Englanders lived in towns. 4. Towns had meeting houses & a green area

called the commons. 5. The soil in N.E. made farming difficult. 6. Shipbuilding & fishing were important.

III. B.

Homework in Class: Summary

Using your notes, the video and the textbook, write a one paragraph summary on life in the New England colonies. Who were they and why did they come to the New World? What were the colonies? What was life like for the first colonists and what did they do to make a living?

Life in the 13 British ColoniesII. J. The Middle Colonies 1. NY, NJ, PA, DE in Middle Colonies 2. The farms were larger & more

successful. 3. The Middle Colonies had a diverse

economy & diverse people a. lumber, mining, manufacturing and

crafts helped economies of colonies. b. religious and cultural diversity from

people of Europe. 4. Most people came to the middle

colonies for free land but some were indentured servants.

III. C.

Life in the 13 British ColoniesII. K The Southern Colonies 1. MD, VA, NC, SC & GA in South. 2. Planters of tobacco and rice became

wealthy. 3. These crops were dependent upon

slave labor. 4. Plantations, or large farms, became

small communities of a “big house”, slave cabins, barns & outhouses.

5. In the backcountry, poor farmers grew corn and tobacco and did not have many slaves.

III. D.

Indentured Servants vs. Slaves

Life in the 13 British ColoniesII. L Governing the Colonies

1. The British government wanted to maximize profit in the colonies.

2. The English Parliament passed the Navigation Acts to control trade.

3. Some settlers began to smuggle products.

4. In Charter colonies (CT, RI) settlers elected governors & legislature.

5. In Proprietary colonies (DL, MD, PA) individuals were allowed to rule the colony.

6. In Royal colonies (all others) Britain directly ruled. The King appointed the governor.

II.

Life in the 13 British ColoniesII. M Slavery in the Colonies

1. Slavery was the main reason for the economic success of the South.

2. Captured Africans suffered along the Middle Passage to America.

3. The Middle & New England Colonies benefited from trade due to the triangular trade.

4. Slaves in the South suffered from cruel overseers, the Slave Codes and displaced families from auctions.

5. Slaves were not allowed to read and write but some could learn trades and later bought their freedom.

.

British & French RivalryII. N. British-French Rivalry 1. In the 18th Century France and England were

the powerful nations of Europe. 2. Since there were more English settlers many

Native American tribes supported the French.

3. In 1754, a young George Washington leads the Virginia militia to stand up to the French.

III. H. The French & Indian War 1. The French have alliances with the Native

Americans and many forts. 2. The British have colonists to fight the war in

North America.

.

The French & Indian WarII. M. The French & Indian War 3. In 1754 General Braddock ignores

Washington’s advice and loses 1000 men at Fort Dusquesne.

4. This defeat causes the 7 Year’s War in Europe. The colonists call it the French and Indian War.

5. The British go into debt to pay for the war and begin to win some battles.

6. The English defeat the French on the sea and at the Battle of Quebec.

7. The Treaty of 1763 gives Britain Canada and Florida.

8. The colonists gain experience in war. 9. Trouble with a chief named Pontiac leads

to the Proclamation of 1763 which limits settler expansion West.