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The Unification of Italy
Origins of Italian Nationalism• Napoleon’s
conquests again resulted in Italian nationalism
• The Congress of Vienna did not address their desire for a single German state
Reasons for Unification
• Shared geography
• Common language
• Shared Traditions
• Economic (Trade) Reasons
The Three People Most Responsible for
the unification of Italy…
The Soul
Giuseppe Mazzini
The Brain
Count Camillo Cavour– Appointed Prime Minister of
Piedmont-Sardinia by King Victor Emmanuel II
– Attacked Austria to reclaim northern Italian land
Piedmont-Sardinia…seriously???
The Sword
Giuseppe Garibaldi“Hero of Two Worlds”
Leader of the Red Shirts
A Unified Italy
The Italian Government - 1870
King Victor Emmanuel II
Upper House Lower House Appointed by King Elected Representatives
Could veto lower house Only small % of men could vote
New Problems
• North v. South• Church v. State• Socialists• Anarchists
Progress
Economic Success:• Industrialization• Urbanization• Social Reforms• Emigration to U.S.,
Canada, and Latin American countries
Review
• What state led the way towards Italian unification?
• Who was the Prime Minister who led the drive towards unification?
• Who organized the Red Shirts and conquered land in the South of Italy?
• How and why was Italy divided after unification?
What’s the meaning of this cartoon?
Food for thought
"It will be maccheroni, I swear to you, that will unite Italy."- Giuseppe Garibaldi, on liberating Naples in 1860
Germany Italy
When was it finally united?
What state led the way?
Prime Minister?
King/Kaiser
Origins of nationalism
Who opposed unification?
Germany Italy
When was it finally united?
1871 1870
What state led the way?
Prussia Piedmont-Sardinia
Prime Minister? Bismarck Cavour
King/Kaiser William I Victor Emmanuel II
Origins of nationalism
Napoleon Napoleon
Who opposed unification?
Catholics, socialists
Catholics, South socialists, anarchists,