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ITU Standardization and its new Environment

Accra, Ghana, 27 May 2004

by

Houlin ZHAODirector

Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB)International Telecommunication Union, Geneva

Place des Nations - CH-1211 Geneva 20 - SwitzerlandTel: +41 22 730 5851 Fax: +41 22 730 5853

E-mail: tsbdir@itu.intITU Home page address: http://www.itu.int

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1837 Invention of the first electric telegraph1844 Samuel Morse sent his first public message over a telegraph Iine

between Washington and Baltimore1865 Foundation of the International Telegraph Union by twenty States17 May with the adoption of the first Convention. First Telegraph Regulations.1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents his invention of the telephone

1924 Paris - Creation of CCIF (International Telephone Consultative Committee)1925 Paris - Creation of CCIT (International Telegraph Consultative Committee)1927 Washington - Creation of the CCIR (Intl. Radio Consultative Committee)1932 Madrid - Plenipotentiary Conference. Telegraph Union changes name to

International Telecommunication Union

1947 ITU becomes a Specialized Agency of the United Nations1956 Geneva - CCIF and CCIT merged into CCITT (International

Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee)1992 Geneva - Plenipotentiary Conference. Creation of 3 Sectors:

ITU-T replaces CCITT, ITU-R replaces IFRB, CCIR, and ITU-D replaces TCD

ITU Landmarks

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TSBStructure of the ITU

PlenipotentiaryConference

RadiocommunicationSector

TelecommunicationStandardization Sector Development Sector

World Conferenceson International

Telecommunications

WorldTelecommunication

StandardizationAssembly (WTSA)

Council

Radio RegulationsBoard

StudyGroups

DirectorSecretary-GeneralDeputy Secretary-General

CoordinationCommittee

General Secretariat

StudyGroups

StudyGroups

AdvisoryGroup

Bureau

Director

Bureau

AdvisoryGroup Director

Bureau

AdvisoryGroup

World/RegionalConferences

RadiocommunicationAssembly

World/RegionalConferences

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TSBFunctions of ITU-T

"The functions of the Telecommunication Standardization Sector

shall be, bearing in mind the particular concerns of the developing

countries, to fulfill the purposes of the Union relating to

telecommunication standardization, as stated in Article 1 of this

Constitution, by studying technical, operating and tariff Questions

and adopting Recommendations on them with a view to

standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis"

5

TSBCCITT and ITU-T

CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee):1956 1st Plenary Assembly 1960 2nd Plenary Assembly Red Books1964 3rd Plenary Assembly Blue Books1968 4th Plenary Assembly White Books1972 5th Plenary Assembly Green Books

1976 6th Plenary Assembly Orange Books1980 7th Plenary Assembly Yellow Books1984 8th Plenary Assembly Red Books1988 9th Plenary Assembly Blue Books

ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union - Telecom. Standardization Sector):1993 1st World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-93), Helsinki1996 2nd World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-96), Geneva2000 3rd World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA-2000), Montreal

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TSBOrganizational Structure of ITU-T

WORLD TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATION ASSEMBLY

TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATIONADVISORY GROUP

STUDY GROUP

WORKINGPARTY

R

STUDY GROUP STUDY GROUP

WORKINGPARTY

WORKINGPARTY

R R R

R = RAPPORTEUR GROUP

- Workshop / forum - Focus Group- Joint Group- Project team

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TSBITU-T Study Groups and TSAG

Study Group 2: Operational aspects of service provision, networks and performance

Study Group 3: Tariff and accounting principles including relatedtelecommunications economic and policy issues

Study Group 4: Telecommunication management, including TMN

Study Group 5: Protection against electromagnetic environment effects

Study Group 6: Outside plant

Study Group 9: Integrated broadband cable networks and television and sound transmission

Study Group 11: Signalling requirements and protocols

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TSBITU-T Study Groups and TSAG

Study Group 12: End-to-end transmission performance of

networksand terminals

Study Group 13: Multi-protocol and IP-based networks and

their internetworking

Study Group 15: Optical and other transport networks

Study Group 16: Multimedia services, systems and terminals

Study Group 17: Data networks and telecommunication software

SSG: IMT-2000 and Beyond

TSAG: Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group(Priorities: IP, Mobility, next generation, security, …)

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3 months minimum

1 month minimum

4 weeks

SG or WPmeeting

SG or WPdetermination

Chairman'srequest

Edited textavailable

Consultation period

Director'sannouncement

Director's request

Textdistributed

Director'snotification

Deadline forMember States' replies

SGdecision

SGmeeting

7 working days

maximum

Approval of new and revised Recommendations -Sequence of events (TAP)

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Approved

Director’s Notification

SG or WP

Meeting

Edited Text

for LC

Director’s Announcement

and Posting for LC

(a)

(b)

(c)

Comment Resolution

Edited Text

Available

Director’s Announcement

and Posting

SG Meeting

(a)

(a)

(b)

Director’s Announcement

and Posting for AR

(b)

3 weeks

4 weeks LC

3 weeks AR

LC: Last Call AR: Additional Review

AAP Sequence of Events(extract from Rec. A.8)

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• Questions (projects)• Contributions driven (normal contributions, delayed contributions,

temporary documents)• face-to-face meeting:

- debate, determination, approval of reports, approval of Questions - SG/WP meetings: decision making; Rapporteur meetings: develop texts• Decision = consensus, unanimous agreements• Recommendations (Amendments, Corrigenda, supplements)

draft Recommendations, determined draft Recommendationsapproved Recommendations, pre-published Recommendations,published Recommendations

• Implementor’s Guides• Meeting reports• Electronic submissions, web consultations, email, ftp• Paperless meeting – LAN/Wireless – LAN connections in meeting rooms

Working methods

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TSBITU-T Recommendations Series (1)

Series A Organization of the work of the ITU-T

Series B Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification

Series C General telecommunication statistics

Series D General tariff principles

Series E Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors

Series F Non-telephone telecommunication services

Series G Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks

Series H Audiovisual and multimedia systems

Series I Integrated services digital network

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Series J Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals

Series K Protection against interference

Series L Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant

Series M TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits

Series N Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits

Series O Specifications of measuring equipment

Series P Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks

ITU-T Recommendations Series (2)

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TSBITU-T Recommendations Series (3)

Series Q Switching and signalling

Series R Telegraph transmission

Series S Telegraph services terminal equipment

Series T Terminals for telematic services

Series U Telegraph switching

Series V Data communication over the telephone network

Series X Data networks and open system communication

Series Y Global information infrastructure and internet protocol aspects

Series Z Languages and general software aspects for telecommunicationsystems

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TSBBest Sellers of ITU-T Recommendations09.2001-01.2004

Best selling texts (in the order of download number from 09/01-01/04):

H.248.x series H.323 Z.100 H.263 G.707 H.262

H.324 E.164 M.3100 H.245 Q.764 X.680

G.703 H.223 G.728 Q.761 T.38 Q.762

G.783 Q.850 Q.763 Q.931 T.30 G.729

Some well-known ITU-T Recommendations:

E.190 E.212G.652 G.655 G.692 G.720 G.723 Annex A+disk G.780-series (SDH) G.826 G.957 G.982 G.990-series (xDSL)H.248 H.324 H.450 I.365 I.432 I.731 J.112 J.117M.3010 M.3100 M.3400Q.931 Q.1700-series (IMT-2000)T.37 T.38 V.34 V.44 V.59 V.90 V.92X.25 X.36 X.509 X.680-series (ASN.1) X.690 X.840-seriesY.1310 Y.1540

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before 1988 1989-1993 1993-1996 1997-2000 2001-2004

Approval time

4 years

2 years

18 months

9 months (exceptional

case: 5 months)

2-9

months

Publication time

2-4 years

2 years

1-1.5 year

6-12

months

3-9 months

Notes: 1. Pre-published Recommendations, available on ITU-T Website, from a few days

to four weeks after approval of the text. 2. Recs in force, pre-published, superseded/obsolete: available on ITU-T Website. 3. Forms of publication: paper, CD-ROM, electronic bookshop, online, etc.

4. FREE ONLINE ACCESS SINCE JANUARY 2001 (one free access per member, 3 free downloads for public) 5. “Approval time” counted between “determination/consent” and final approval

Approval and publication time of Recommendations

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TSBITU-T's main work areas

Three major items:

- IP-related issues

- IMT-2000

- Accounting rates

Other items:

- Multi-media, access networks (xDSL), optical transmission,security, numbering and addressing, inter-operabilities, IPR, etc.

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TSBITU-T’s work on voice coding

7 kHz band - wideband (G.722-series)

4 kHz band - analogue

64 kbit/s - PCM, G.711, 1972

32 kbit/s - ADPCM, G.721, 1984

16 kbit/s - G.728, 1992

8 kbit/s - G.729, 1996

4 kbit/s - G.4kbps

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TSBITU-T’s work on still picture coding

Classic facsimile (G3, G4) T.4, T.6

B/W still pictures (JBIG) T.82, T.83

Cont. tone colour (JPEG) T.81

(lossless) (JPEG-LS) T.86

(JPEG-2000) T.800

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TSBITU-T’s work on moving picture coding

H.261 - video coding at n x 64 kbit/s

H.262 - generic video and audio coding

H.263 - video coding for low bit rates

H.264 - improved multimedia video coding (vs. MPEG-4)

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Year9.6 kbit/s28.8 kbit/s

56.6 kbit/s

128 kbit/s

2 Mbit/s

640 kbit/s

8 Mbit/s

25 Mbit/s

50 Mbit/s

1989 1997 2000

Analog modems

ISDN

HDSL/ADSL

VDSL

OPTICALACCESS

622 Mbit/s

Access network

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TSBITU-T’s products for IP-networks

E.164 …

G.707 (SDH), G.709 (OTN), G.722 (7 kHz), G.728 (16 kbit/s), G.729 (8 kbit/s), G.99x (xDSL) …

H.248 (gateway), H.323 (multimedia systems) …

I.365 (FR), I.432 (B-ISDN), I.732 (ATM) …

J.112 (Cable TV), J.16x + J.17x (IPCablecom) …

M.3120 (CORBA for TMN) …

Q.933 (DSS1), Q.1300 (TASC), Q.1930 (BICC), Q.27xx (B-ISDN), Q.29xx (DSS2) …

T.37, T.38 (IPfax), T.12x (multimedia conference) …

V.29 (9.6 K modem), V.34 (34 kbit/s), V.90/V.92 (56 kbit/s) …

X.25, X.75, X.76 (FR), X.85 (IP over SDH), X.86 (Ethernet over LAPS), X.121, X.4xx (MHS), X.5xx (Directory), particularly X.509, X.68x/X.69x (ASN.1), X.8xx (security), X.9xx (ODP) …

Y-series: dedicated to IP and GII

Z.100 (SDL), Z.14x (TTCN), Z.3xx (MM languages) ……

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Specified IMT-2000 systems and its spectrums

Interworking functions to be used with existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems

Convergence of fixed and existing IMT-2000 systems

New Generation of mobile systems

ITU-T’s mobile communications

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Quality of Service (QoS)

Numbering and routing

Security

Tariffs and Accounting rates

Interworking

Ensuring global interoperability

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Administrations (65/832)

Members: 189

ROAs (63/461)

Members: 163

SIOs (121/664)

Members: 173

Associates (31/53)

Members: 82

U.S.A. 144

FT 43

Nortel 29+12+12

eAccess 5

China 95

Telekomunikacja Polska 38

NTT 47 + 3

OFS Fitel 5

U.K. 55

China Telecom. Corp. 29

Alcatel 9+8+2+9+12+2+1

Opticom 3

Germany 45

BT 27

Cisco Systems 34

SwissQual 3

France 33

Deutsche Telekom 26

Siemens 25+1+5

Telekom Srpske 3

India 32

KDDI 19

ETRI 29

ACCA Networks 2

Brazil 31

Bharat Sanchar Nigam 18

Huawei Tech. 25

AULM 2

Syrian Arab Rep. 30

Telenor ASA 17

Lucent Tech. 12+9+1+2

ElectriPHY 2

Italy 29

AT & T 14

L.M. Ericsson 21+1

Harris 2

Canada 26

NTT DoCoMo 14

ZTE 21

Octasic Semicond. 2

Japan 25

Telecom Italia 13

Infineon 13+1+1+1

Okinasa Photonics 2

Korea (Rep. of) 22

TeliaSonera 13

NEC 12

Telchemy 2

Russian Federation 20

BELGACOM 11

Fujitsu 11

Teraburst Networks 2

Total: 587(70%)

Total: 282 (61%)

Total: 371 (56%)

Total: 35 (66%)

Top Members participation (2003)

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NB: G7: USA, France, UK, Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada

Country Number of Delegates

China 95

India 32

Brazil 31

Syrian Arab Republic 30

Korea (Rep. of) 22

Russian Federation 20

Hungary 15

Israel 15

Australia 14

Thailand 13

Mexico 12

Switzerland 11

Ukraine 11

Total: 321

Top 13 attendees, except G7 countries, Administrations, 2003

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.

.

Company Number of Delegates Country

Telekomunikacja Polska 38 Poland

China Telecommunications Corp 29 China

Bharat Sanchar Nigam 18 India

Telenor ASA 17 Norway

TeliaSonera 13 Sweden

BELGACOM 11 Belgium

Community of Yugoslav PTT 10 Serbia and Montenegro

Swisscom 10 Switzerland

Telekom Austria 10 Austria

Rostelecom 9 Russian Federation

China Unicom 7 China

China Mobile Comm. Corp 6 China

KT Corporation 6 Korea (Rep. of)

Total: 184NB: G7: USA, France, UK, Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada

Top 13 attendees, except G7 countries, ROAs, 2003

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Company Number of delegates CountryETRI 29 Korea (Rep. Of)

Huawei Technologies 25 China

L.M. Ericsson 21 Sweden

ZTE 21 China

Samsung Electronics 10 Korea (Rep. Of)

ITEK 9 Denmark

Lucent Tech. Nederland 9 Netherlands

Nokia Corporation 9 Finland

Alcatel Bell 8 Belgium

Tellabs Oy 8 Finland

Matalink 5 Israel

Actelis Networks 3 Israel

GIGA ApS 3 Denmark

Total: 160

NB: G7: USA, France, UK, Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada

Top 13 attendees, except G7 countries, SIOs, 2003

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NB: G7: USA, France, UK, Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada

Company Number of Delegates Country

SwissQual 3 Switzerland

Telecom Srpske 3 Bosnia and Herzegovina

AULM 2 Switzerland

ASTRI 1 China

RAD Data Communications 1 Israel

Transmode Systems 1 Sweden

Tyco Electronics Raychem 1 Belgium

Total: 12

Top attendees, except G7 countries, Associates, 2003

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International SDOs: ISO, IEC, WSC; ISO/IEC JTC1

Regional SDOs: ATIS, TIA, TSACC, TTA, TTC, ARIB, CCSA, ETSI, ACIF, GSC

For internet: IETF/ISOC, ICANN, ccTLDs, etc.

Many Forums/SDOs: such as IEEE, 3GPPs, ATM, TMF, …

Regional Telecom organizations: APT, ATU, CITEL, RCC, CEPT, ETNO, …

etc…

International Cooperation

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A.4 A.5

A.6

ASN.1 Consortium ARIB (Association of Radio Industries and Businesses)

ARIB

ATM Forum ATM Forum Committee T1

DSL Forum Committee T1 CCSA

ETIS (e-and telecommunication info. services)

CCSA ECMA

FRF (Frame Relay Forum) DSL Forum ETSI

IMTC (Multimedia) ECMA Standardizing Information & Communication Systems

IEEE

IPDR Organization ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)

JCTEA

IPv6 Forum FRF NIST

MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) Forum

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

SCTE

MSF (Multiservice Switching Forum) ISOC/IETF (Internet Society/Internet Engineering Task Force)

TIA

OASIS JCTEA (Japan Cable Television Engineering Association)

TTA

OIF (Optical Internetworking Forum) MPLS Forum TTC

OMG (Object Management Group) NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

SDL Forum Society OASIS

TM Forum (Tele Management Forum) OIF

W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) OMG

SCTE (Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers)

TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association)

TM Forum

TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association)

TTC (Telecommunication Technology Committee)

W3C

Members for Rec. A.4, A.5 and A.6 Forums/SDOs

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WTSA-2004: 5-14 October, Florianópolis, Brazil

TSAG: 12-16 July, Geneva, Switzerland

Final meetings of ITU-T Study Groups: January-June

ITU Council-2004: 9-18 June, Geneva, Switzerland

Preparation of the 2nd Phase of WSIS

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MAIN ACTIVITIES in 2004