A Brief History of Disaster Response

Jim Kennedy

“In designing the layout of the camp it is recommended that the team leader secure the technical assistance of an experienced military person familiar with the establishment of tent camps. The advice of the military specialist in properly spacing the tents and their grouping into residential and community service areas should be followed.”

International Disaster Relief ManualLeague of Red Cross Societies, Geneva 1959

International Disaster Relief ManualLeague of Red Cross Societies, Geneva 1959

Coyotepe Camp, Managua, 1973Coyotepe Camp, Managua, 1973

Sphere Standards for Shelter -- Summary

•Maximum distance 500m to a water point

•Maximum distance 50m to latrine

•Maximum distance 100m to refuse pit

•Minimum surface area (averaged across the camp) of 45m2 per person

•Minumum covered floor area 3.5m2 per person

Transitional Settlement: Dispaced Populations(Corsellis and Vitale, 2005)

Transitional settlement and reconstruction after natural disasters(United Nations, 2008)